Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Conscious Capitalism Principles
1. Higher purpose (beyond profit maximization) 2. Stakeholder interdependence (rather than shareholder-centric) 3. Conscious leadership (instead of "carrots and sticks") 4. Conscious Culture (instead of bottom-line focused)
What fosters employee positivity?
Providing decision-making discretion Share information Minimize incivility (being rude) Provide Feedback
Restorative Justice
Reflects a shared belief in the importance of resolving conflict multilaterally through the inclusion of victims, offenders, and all other stakeholders
Psychological Capital
Set of personal characteristics that help us to flourish and be resilient in the face of adversity or challenging obstacles
What desirable behaviors and outcomes does positive emotions lead to
Stronger social relationships Prosocial behaviors Liking of yourself and others Stronger bodies and immune systems Original thinking
Positive Deviance
Successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction
Social Support
The amount of perceived helpfulness derived from social relationships
Positivity Effect
The attraction of all living systems towards positive energy and away from negative energy, or toward that which is life giving and away from that which is life depleting
Mindfullness
The awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmental to the unfolding of experience moment by moment
Forgiveness
The capacity to foster collective abandonment or justified resentment, bitterness, and blame, and, instead, it is the adoption of positive, forward-looking approaches in response to harm or danger
Self-Efficacy
The degree to which an individual believes that he/she has the ability to make decisions and meet goals that allow them to exercise control over the situations and the results that he/she experiences High levels of this help develop hope, optimism, and resiliency
Flourishing
The extent to which our lives contain PERMA Improved sleep Positive team performance Lower cardiovascular risk
Standards
The required level of performance to meet goal
Flow
The state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake. It is a positive state
Goal-Setting Theory (Locke)
Theory that specific and difficult goals, with feedback, lead to higher performance. Motivation is fosters when employees are given specific and difficult goals rather than no goals, easy goals, or "do your best" goals
Performance Goal Orientation
Orient individuals to: Be concerned for their ability and performance relative to others Focus on the individuals on goals of doing better than others or avoid looking incompetent or less able in comparison to others
What key set of practices impact organizational climate?
Training programs Support programs Human resources practices and policies
PERMA involves..
Well-being Flourishing
Virtuousness
What individuals and organizations aspire to be when they are at their very best
Resilience
When beset by problems and adversity, sustaining and bouncing back and even beyond to attain success
What are the two component of hope?
Willpower - Having a goal and the determination to achieve it Way power - Need to see alternative paths to achieve the goal
Upward Spirals of Positivity
Your positive behaviors, feelings, and attitudes feed your own and those of others in a continual, reinforcing process
Mastery Goal Orientation
Orient individuals to: Focus on learning and mastery of the task Have been related to a number of adaptive outcomes -Higer levels of efficacy, task value, and interests -Use of more cognitive and metacognitive strategies -Better overall performance
Goal = .....
Performance Indicator (PI) + Standard
Hope
Persevering toward goals and, when necessary, redirecting paths to goals in order to succeed
Prosocial Behaviors
Positive acts performed without expecting anything in return
Buffering Effect
Positive practices buffer or reduce the impact of negative events and stressors
Amplifying Effect
Positive practices have a amplifying or escalating effect on positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital Known as "Broaden-and-Build" theory
Positive Psychological Capital (PsyCap)
Positive psychological state of development is made up of: Hope Self-efficacy Resilience Optimism (HERO)
What are the characteristics of positive PsyCap?
(Hero) Hope Efficacy Resilience Optimism
Organizational Practices
A host of procedures, policies, practices, routines, and rules that organizations use to get things done
Temperance
A shared belief in showing restraint and control when faced with temptation and provocation. Promotes self-control, humility, and prudence
Two key inhibitors of mindfulness are...?
Attention Deficit Attentional Hyperactivity
Meaningfulness
Belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than the self
Well-being
Combined impact of five elements: (PERMA) Positive emotions Engagement Relationships Meaning Achievement
Performance Indicators
Data which can be used to evaluate performance
Organizational Climate
Employees perceptions of formal and informal organizational policies, practices, procedures, and routines
What are the four kinds of social support we receive from others
Esteem support Informational support Social companionship Instrumental support
Forgiveness
Foster abandonment of resentment Adopt positive forward looking behavior
Virtuous Leadership
Greater good (benefit large # of people) Trust Integrity Forgiveness
Efficacy
Having confidence to take on and put in the necessary effort to succeed at challenging tasks
Positive Organizational Behavior (POB)
Involves the study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and psychological capacities that can be measures, developed, and effectively managed for performance improvement in todays workplace
Mindlessness
Is a state of reduced attention. It is expressed in behavior that is rigid, or thoughtless
Optimism
Making a positive attribution about succeeding now and in the future