Organizational Behavior Test 1

___ is the personality trait with the strongest positive relationship with job performance.

Conscientiousness

Samuel values his tradition and conformity. Not surprisingly, family time is very important to him. His employer, Stillman & Songs, expects him to work on holidays. Stillman & Sons and Sauel do not share the values of

Conservation

"what are the different needs that activate motivation's direction, intensity, and persistence?" This statement reflects which theories of motivation

Content

Vivek and Warren are working on an assignment for their marketing class. Warren finished his part of the assignment; Vivek doesn't. Vivek apologizes because he took an extra shift at work and didn't give the assignment for the priority it needed. He promises Warren he will stay home tonight and finish his work. what personality characteristic does this show?

Locus of Control

___ intelligence will be most closely related to a performance on tests like the Scholastic Aptitude Test and the Graduate Management Admissions Test.

Logical-mathematical

___ states that motivation is a function of five basic needs that are met sequentially

Maslow's need hierarchy theory

___ is a process that involves an individual comparing perceptions of his or her of performance with those of managers, subordinates and peers.

360-degree feedback

___ is an artificial intervention aimed at giving management a chance to correct an imbalance, injustice, mistake, or outright discrimination that occurred in the past

Affirmative Action

Which one of the following is not a difference between affirmative action and diversity management?

Affirmative action only refers to mandatory programs.

___ is based on a simple premise: Rightly or wrongly, people infer causes for their own and others' behavior.

Attribution theory

Which of the following is not a layer of diversity

Attributional

The generation described as workaholic, idealistic, competitive, and materialistic is

Baby Boomers

Dawn is at the playground with her four-year-old daughter. The father of another child is yelling and cursing at him. Dawn decides to tell the father to stop the verbal abuse or leave the playground, or she will call the authorities. Dawn's behavior reflects the ___ component of her attitude.

Behavioral

___ goals are most relevant for knowledge work.

Behavioral

The existence of implicit cognition leads people to make ___ decisions without realizing they are doing so.

Biased

Len is the top swimmer on his school's team. Star athletes are likely to be high in ___ intelligence

Bodily-kinesthetic

Affirmative action plans

Can negatively affect women and minorities

___ are suspected or inferred causes of behavior

Causal Attributions

Which of the following is not a best practice for becoming more productive?

Check social media every two hours

___ is the psychological discomfort a person experiences when simultaneously holding two or more conflicting cognitions.

Cognitive Dissonance

___ provides broad and useful ways to describe personality in terms of our individual differences in self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and emotional stability

Core-self evaluation

People who are high on openness to experience are likely to demonstrate

Curiosity and broad-mindedness

Jonathan decides that rather than hire an employee to replace someone who left, he will eliminate the position. Jonathan is

Dissolving the problem

Which of the following is not one of the basic dimensions of the Big Five personality dimensions?

Emotional Intelligence

___ is the ability to monitor one's own and other's feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions.

Emotional Intelligence

___ are complex, relatively brief responses aimed at a particular target

Emotions

___ is the harnessing of organization members' selves to their work roles.

Employee engagement

Maria focuses on community volunteerism, while Anna focuses on getting a promotion at work. ___ are represented by Maria's and Anna's focuses.

Endpoints of one of the dimensions of values

Peter offers his manager some suggestions for a new holiday display. His manager shrugs his shoulders and tells Peter that the display is all set. Then Sarah approaches the manager with an idea for the display, and the manager tells her that its a great idea. ___ theory is the model of motivation that explains how peter is striving for fairness and justice.

Equity

The idea underlying the ____ model is that satisfaction is tied to how fairly an individual is treated at work

Equity

___ highlight the fact that choosing among available options is not always a choice between right and wrong.

Ethical dilemmas

Rachel gets her midterm grades and finds that she has a 2.4 in OB. She expected a better grade point average to date. Rachel is ___ her performance.

Evaluating

Lenore has a fight with her best friend, Samantha, and doesn't want to speak to her. She unfriends her on social media. By doing this, Lenore is using ___, thereby removing consequences from an undesirable behavior.

Extinction

People who are outgoing, talkative, sociable, and assertive are likely to score high on

Extraversion

Expectancy theory is a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness

False

___ is information about performance shared with those in a position to improve the situation.

Feedback

The term___ identifies an invisible but absolute barrier that prevents women from advancing to higher-level positions.

Glass ceiling

Three months ago, XYZ Corporation changed the way the typing pool is organized from a self-managed team to a more traditional structure in which employees receive their assignments from a direct supervisor. Since then, three of the seven employees have left the organization. ___ is the OB perspective applied here

Group

Of the approaches to job design, ___ is the most recently evolved and attempts to merge earlier perspectives.

I-deals

___ are goals and incentives set to promote a desired behavior, but instead encourage a negative one.

Ill-conceived goals

Deep-level characteristics of diversity

Include attitudes, opinions and values

Pat is applying for anew job. Which of the following will help her online "image"?

Include information on her volunteer activities

___ is(are) when we hold others less accountable for unethical behavior that is carried out through third parties.

Indirect blindness

Alexa quit her job because she felt it was boring. This would be diagnosed as a(n) ___ level problem

Individual

In the Organizing Framework,

Inputs lead to processes, which lead to outcomes.

___ is how an individual perceives the movement from performance to outcome

Instrumentality

"Different people may perceive similar situations in different ways and similar people may perceive different situations in the same way." This represents the ___ perspective.

Interactional

___ intelligence is the potential to understand and regulate oneself.

Intrapersonal

___ results when an individual gains satisfaction and self-praise from an assignment.

Intrinsic motivation

___ is defined as the physical and cognitive changes individuals make in the task or relational boundaries of their work.

Job crafting

Which of the following is not an appropriate measure of goal achievement?

Lack of interpersonal conflict

___ are physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior

Needs

Mason is highly satisfied with his job. He receives consistently strong evaluations and volunteers to train new employees. Mason exhibits positive job performance and

Organizational Citizenship Behaviors

Alana looks at the clouds and sees flowers. Her brother, Sammy, looks at the same clouds and sees jellyfish. Alana and Sammy have different

Perceptions

___ is the set of processes and managerial behaviors that involve defining, monitoring, measuring, evaluation, and providing consequences for performance expectations.

Performance Management

___, with which you can build goodwill, include personality, teamwork and leadership.

Personal Attributes

___ is the combination of stable physical, behavioral, and mental characteristics that gives individuals their unique identity.

Personality

In Maslow's needs hierarchy theory, ___ is the lowest level and ___ is the highest level

Physiological; self- actualization

A(n) ___ is someone who is relatively unconstrained by situational forces and who effects environmental change.

Proactive Person

___ is associated with entrepreneurialism.

Proactivity

Claire works for Content Consultants. she telecommutes and has great flexibility in her work schedule. In return, Content Consultants expects to have satisfied clients who hire them again. Claire receives consistently high evaluations. Despite that, the company now wants her to work out of the main office. Claire feels that Content Consultants has breached a(n)

Psychological Contract

Marion, a shift supervisor, is keeping a performance diary for each of there employees. This mechanism can ___ performance appraisals.

Reduce Bias in

What kind of a response is a manager making when he or she chooses a satisfactory, but not ideal, solution?

Resolving

Discretionary individual behavior that promotes the effective functioning of the organization is called organizational citizenship behavior. ___ is an example of OCB.

Respecting the spirit as well as the letter of housekeeping rules

Ethics is primarily concerned with

Right and Wrong

___ is knowing who you are and what you want

Self-awareness

___ theory assumes that competency, autonomy, and relatedness influence our behavior and well-being.

Self-determination

Sandra has a new assignment. she is confident that she can successfully complete the task. This is an example of

Self-efficacy

Trevor is an overachiever. This brother calls him ambitious and power hunger. Trevor exemplifies the ___ dimension.

Self-enhancement

___ is your general belief about your own self-worth

Self-esteem

Person factors and ___ are the two broad categories of OB concepts and theories.

Situation Factors

Problem solving and critical thinking are ___ because they use logic and reasoning to develop and evaluate options.

Soft skills

Halim hires a new employee who best meets the characteristics he is looking for in the ideal employee. He is

Solving the Problem

On the first day of class, Professor Simmons explains what the goals of the course are and what he expects of his students. This represents ___ of effective performance management.

Step 1, Defining Performance

A(n) ___is an individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics of a group.

Stereotype

John hasn't started working on his term paper. He wants to do well in the course, but he's struggling with how to identify a solid topic and start an outline. Most of the other students appear to be moving ahead. John is procrastination because he is

Stressed

Ellen has worked on a project to market a new medication from beginning to end- advertising, packaging, etc. The design program wins and award. Ellen's ___ is high.

Task identity

___ is one element that allows employees to balance their work lives and family lives.

Telecommuting

According to ___, the typical perspective held by managers is that employees dislike work, must be monitored, and can be motivated only with rewards and punishment ("carrots and sticks")

Theory X

At Cornet Company, employees and teams had higher performance, greater job satisfaction, and increased organizational commitment when their managers showed ___ behaviors.

Theory Y

Brenda has two exams and a research paper scheduled within the next 10 days. She creates a study plan in which she studies an hour a day for each exam and devotes an addition 90 minutes to her research paper. On Tuesday and Wednesday, Brenda is invited to go out with her friends. Instead, she stays at home and sticks with her study plan because she knows this will help her learn more effectively.

True

Collecting performance information from multiple sources helps a person being evaluated to get a broad view of his or her performance.

True

In equity theory, you compare your outputs and inputs to those of another person

True

Maslow's need hierarchy and Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theories are both examples of process theories.

True

Negative feedback can have a positive motivational effect

True

The acquired needs identified y McClelland include the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and he need for esteem.

True

The functions of performance management processes include guiding employee development and making employee-related decisions.

True

Jason is working at Sushow Motors. The position, as originally described, involved conducting research with customers. Instead, Jason is answering phones and filing. He's very unhappy and thinks he should find another job. This thought process is

Withdrawal Cognitions

Based on the contingency approach, to define performance ___ goals can be used in most jobs

behavioral

In the leniency perceptual error, a person

consistently evaluated people in an extremely positive fashion

There are two key situational characteristics that affect perception: the ___ of the interaction, and the culture and race___ between perceivers

context; consistency

Perception is the process that

enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings

Job satisfaction across the United States has gone up, according to a national survey conducted by the Society for Human Resource Management. The top three facets of satisfaction include

feeling safe at work, having god relationships with coworkers, and having a good relationship with an immediate supervisor

By ___, a person can develop self-awareness

knowing his or her own strengths and limits

Carlos works at Tyner Construction Company as an assistant project manager. His manager assured him that if his projects came in on time and under budget, he would be promoted within a year. At nine months, Carlo is promoted to project manager. This is an example of

met expectiations

Job enrichment is based on the ___ theory of job satisfaction.

motivator-hygiene

Wayne is on the production line for Medical Services Inc. He has been there for five years and has won Employee of the Month more than anyone else. Zander, his coworker, who has only been at Medical Services three years and hasn't even been nominated for Employee of the Month, just received a promotion. Wayne perceives a

negative inequity

Carl's team is evaluation his effectiveness as a leader. Which of the following behaviors does not reflect and effective leader?

not letting other group members make any decisions

The two basic types of goals are

performance and learning

After a series of train incidents, NS&Q offered employee bonuses based on safety for the first quarter of this year. This is an example of

positive reinforcement

The perceived fairness of the processes used to make allocation decisions is called ___ justice

procedural

Negative reinforcement is

strengthening a behavior by contingently withdrawing something displeasing

Javier asked Maria for general advice on homework. Then he asked her to let him see specific problems. Now he wants to copy her assignment, claiming he has no time and the content is too difficult. This is an example of

the Slippery Slope

The contingency approach suggests that

the best answer depends on the situation

Extrinsic rewards come from ___ and intrinsic rewards come from ___

the environment; oneself

Naturalist intelligence is

the potential to live in harmony with one's environment

Interactional justice is defined as the perceived fairness of

the quality of interpersonal treatment received

People's with high ___ see themselves as capable and effective

Core self-evaluations

Waco Company monitors employees' perceptions of fairness by quarterly surveys and occasional focus groups. Management is following the ___ model.

Equity

Which of the following statements is true?

Motivated blindness occurs when we overlook the unethical behavior of another because its in our interest to remain ignorant

___ is the psychological process that arouses our interest in doing something.

Motivation

Letitia reports to work at Apex Inc. This is her first day. Human resources tells Letitia to report to a conference room so that she can review the company's mission statement and policies, go over her job description, and learn about the technology systems in use. This type of experience is an ___ program.

Onboarding

Recently, the Acme Explosives Company was sold to a new owner, Roadrunner Inc. The operations of the two organizations re going to be merged, with several of the manufacturing locations possibly to be eliminated. ___ is the most likely OB perspective to apply.

Organizational

___ is the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals.

Organizational commitment

___ is when we give a pass to unethical behavior if the outcome is good.

Overvaluing Outcomes

Angela works for a company that does not provide good health benefits or career opportunities. Her ___ is most likely to be negative.

POS (Perceived Organizational Support)

___ is the popular term for linking monetary incentives with results or accomplishments

Pay for performance

Saying, "You've got to pay your dues" is another way to promote the status quo. This is an example of the ___ option that organizations can use to address any type of diversity issue.

Suppress

___ characteristics are quickly apparent to interactants

Surface-level

Nita is the office manager at a service station. Two applicants, Max and Tim, arrive to interview for the open mechanic's position. Max'a clothes are dirty, his hair is unwashed, and he doesn't make eye contact when he gives Nita his name. Tim dresses in clean jeans and a nice shirt, is shaved, and shakes Nita's hand when he introduces himself. After the interview, Keith the head mechanic, asks Nita what she thought. Both men have the skill set needed for the position. Nita recommends Tim. She is responding to her perception of

the target