OSH 387- PPE

Each electrical panel must be marked with an ANSI z535 approved Arc Flash Warning Label. With what information?

- Level of Personal Protection Equipment PPE that a worker must use -Arc Flash Boundary in inches -Incident energy found at each location.

Employer Must Pay for: 1910.132(h)

-Metatarsal foot protection - Rubber Boots with steel toes - Non-prescription eye protection -Prescription eyewear inserts/lenses for full face respirators -Goggles and face shields - Fire fighting PPE (helmet gloves, boots, proximity suits, full gear) - Hard hats Hearing protection -Welding PPE

Employers Not Required to Pay for PPE in certain circumstances and those are...

-Non- specialty safety protective footwear - Non specialty prescription safety eyewear provide that employer permits such items to be worn off job site. -Everyday clothing, skin creams, or other items used solely for protection from weather such ad winter coats ,jackets ,gloves ,parkas, rubber boots , hats, raincoats ,ordinary sunglasses and sunscreen. - Items such as hair nets and gloves worn by food workers for consumer safety - lifting belts because their value in protection the back is questionable - When the employee has lost or internally damaged the PPE it must be replaced

Arc Flash Basics

-Temperatures may exceed 35,000 degrees F -5 to 10 arc flash and blast explosions occur in electrical equipment every day in the United States with 2,000 people each year being admitted to burn centers for severe burns Exposure energy expressed in cal/cm2 -½ to 1 cal/cm2 = hottest part of lighter in 1 sec -Typical non-FR (fire retardant) work wear can ignite @4-5cals Arcs typically release 5-30 cals, NO PPE can protect against > 40 Cals

1910.132 (f) Training

-When PPE is necessary - What type of PPE is necessary -How it is to be worn Limitation of PPE - Proper care, maintenance, useful life, disposal - Employer shall ensure employees demonstrate understanding

If the airborne concentration of an airborne contaminant is 10 ug/m3, then a properly-fitted full-face mask with an APF of 50 would reduce the exposure to what?

0.2ug/m3

A properly-fitted full-face mask with an APF of 50, would reduce the exposure inside the mask down to what?.

0.4 ug/m3.

Example of MUC: If the permissible exposure limit for a contaminant such as Toluene* is 200 ppm, then a half-faced mask with an APF of 10 should protect the employee up to 2,000 ppm.

10 APF ×200 ppm = 2,000 ppm (MUC)

What is OSHA PEL for 15 minutes duration of noise exposure?

115 dB

The employer shall assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). If such hazards are present, or likely to be present, the employer shall:1910.132(d)(1)

1910.132(d)(1)(i) Select, and have each affected employee use, the types of PPE that will protect the affected employee from the hazards identified in the hazard assessment; 1910.132(d)(1)(ii) Communicate selection decisions to each affected employee; and, 1910.132(d)(1)(iii) Select PPE that properly fits each affected employee.

General Requirements: OSHA General Industry PPE Standards

1910.132: General requirements and payment • 1910.133: Eye and face protection • 1910.134: Respiratory protection • 1910.135: Head protection • 1910.136: Foot protection • 1910.137: Electrical protective devices • 1910.138: Hand Protection • 1910.140: Personal fall protection systems

Eye and face PPE must meet what standard?

1910.133(b)(1)(i)(ii)(iii) comply with ANSI-Z87

Important Aspects of 1910.134

1910.134(c) -respiratory protection program 1910.134(d) - selection of respirators 1910.134(e) - medical evaluation 1910.134(f) - fit testing 1910.134(g) - use of respirators 1910.134(h) - maintenance and care of respirators Appendix A - fit testing procedures Appendix B - qualitative fit test protocols Appendix C - quantitive fit test protocols

What standard of design must be met for head protection?

1910.135 subsection B paragraphs 1,2,3 pg206 Not created by OSHA but by another organization and OSHA incorporated it.

What standard must foot protection meet ?

1910.136(b)(1)(i)(ii)(iii), ANZI Z41-1999-1991,ASTM F-2412-2005

Example of APF: If the airborne concentration of an airborne contaminant is 20 ug/m3, then a properly-fitted half-face mask with an APF of 10 would reduce the exposure inside the mask down to what?

2 ug/m3. APF=10. Contaminant=20 1/10 x 20=2.ug/m3

No PPE can protect against how many calories of arc flash?

40

What does Assigned Protection Factor of 10 for a respirator mean?

APF of 10 for a respirator means that a user could expect to inhale no more than one tenth of the airborne contaminant present

Assigned Protection Factor

APF's are the workplace level of respiratory protection that a respirator is expected to provide when the employer implements a continuing, effective respiratory protection program as specified by this section. APFs represent the ratio of air contaminant concentration outside a respirator (Co) to the concentration expected to penetrate into the respirator (Ci). (Co) can be expressed as unity (or 100%) and (Ci) expressed as a fraction (or percentage) of (Co) penetrating into the respirator. Mathematically, APF=100/%penetration

What standard of design must be met for foot protection?

Any of the options provided

Arc Flash Hazard Analysis must be done to determine what ?

Arc Flash Warning Label contents

What color of cartridge would filter carbon monoxide contaminants?

Blue

Particulate respirators protect against the following airborne particulates except?

Carbon monoxide

Which of the following classes of hard hats are designed to protect heads that may bump against fixed objects?

Class C

What are the classes of hard hats ?

Class G- General Class E- Electrical Class C- Conductive

Chemical Cartridge Respirators

Cleans contaminated atmosphere ◦ particulates, gases, and vapors that are at atmospheric concentrations less than immediately dangerous to life and health. ◦ does NOT protect against oxygen deficiency < 19.5% Negative pressure

Limited & Restricted Approach Boundaries

Closest to farthest away: Exposed, Restricted space, Restricted boundary , limited space, limited approach boundary, arc flash boundary

What are some potential hazards for foot protection ?

Compression Injuries from rolling objects • Sharp objects• Molten metal • Wet, slippery surfaces • Injuries from Spills and Splashes • Impact Injuries • Electrical Shocks • Extremes in Cold, Heat, and Moisture

Welding Shields

Constructed of vulcanized fiber or fiberglass and fitted with a filtered lens Protect eyes from burns ◦ Infrared light ◦ intense radiant light Protect face and eyes from ◦ flying sparks ◦ metal spatter slag

Class C (Conductive)

Designed for comfort, offers limited protection - Protects heads that may bump against fixed objects -Does not protect against falling objects or electrical hazards AKA 'Bump Cap'

OSH PEL for Noise

Duration PEL 8hr 90dB 4hr 95dB 2hr 100dB 1hr 105dB 1/2hr 110dB 15 min 115dB

Circumneutral protectors

Ear muffs ◦ Fit over entire ear, including lobes ◦ Held in place with spring-loaded suspension assembly - Banded hearing protector

1910.137

Electrical protective equipment

Class E (Electrical)

Electrical work -Protect against falling objects -Protect against high- voltage shock/burns (proof-tested at 20,000 volts

Which of the hierarchy of hazard control is the most effective?

Elimination

OSHA Requirements for hearing protection

Employee exposure limited to 90dB, calculated as an 8-hr. time weighted average -PEL = 90 dB TWA ◦Hearing protection is required -Action Level = 85 dB TWA ◦Requires a hearing conservation program ◦Annual audiograms ◦Training

If the permissible exposure limit for a contaminant such as carbon monoxide is 50 ppm with an IDLH of 1,200 ppm, then a full-face mask with an APF of 50 should protect the employee. True or False

False

Class G (General)

General service (e.g., building construction, shipbuilding, lumbering, and manufacturing) -Good impact protection -Limited voltage protection(proof-tested at 2,200 volts)

Splash goggles and face shield

Goggles protect the eye - Face shield protects the face - It may be necessary to wear both

Example of potential hazards for foot protection is need.

Impact-resistant toe and/or instep ◦Steel ◦Composite Heat-resistant soles Metal shanks

Aural inserts (ear plugs)

Inexpensive/limited service life - Formable - Custom-molded -Pre-molded ◦ range of sizes needed ◦ must be fit to each user

Which of the following types of gloves protect against cuts, slashes, and abrasion?

Kevlar

When may air-purifying respirators be used?

May be used for ESCAPE only from IDLH atmospheres ◦ never use for entry into IDLH atmosphere

Specialty footwear may be needed ?

Metatarsal guards ◦Liquid or chemical resistant ◦Conductive or nonconductive

Powered Air-Purifying Respirator

ONLY if the contaminant has clear warning properties ◦ Smell or taste In absence of warning properties, user cannot tell when the cartridge is used up and must be replaced. Negative Pressure

What are some Frequent Causes of Head Injuries?

Objects might fall from above and strike them on the head ◦ They might bump their heads against fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or beams ◦ There is a possibility of accidental head contact with electrical hazards

What is your last resort in the hierarchy of hazard control?

PPE

Face Shields

Protect face from dusts and potential splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids Shields do not protect from impact hazards unless so rated

Particulate Respirators

Protection against airborne particulates ◦ dusts ◦ mists ◦ metal fumes ◦ smokes ◦ no protection against gases or vapors Negative pressure

Chemical Cartridge Gas masks

Protection against certain gases, vapors and particulates Designed solely to remove specific contaminants ◦ use restricted to atmospheres with sufficient oxygen ◦ canisters color-coded according to contaminant, code included in standard -Negative pressure

Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Provide respirable atmosphere independent of ambient air Three groups ◦ self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) ◦ supplied-air Combination SCBA and Supplied Air To be sued in non-IBLH atmospheres Air delivered must be free of contaminates: -source located in clean air -monitored for carbon monoxide

Which of the following breathing apparatus raises a concern of carbon monoxide contamination due to the use of a motor to pump?

SCBA and SABA

1910.132(a): Protective Equipment, including PPE for Face, Head, and Extremities, Protective clothing, Respiratory devices, and Protective shields and,

Shall be Provided, Used, and Maintained ..in a sanitary and reliable condition wherever it is necessary by reason of hazards of processes or environment, chemical hazards, radiological hazards, or mechanical irritants encountered in a manner capable of causing injury or impairment in the function of any part of the body through -absorption, -inhalation or -physical contact.

According to 1910.132(h), employers are not required to pay for which of the following?

Steel toe boots

All applicable standards for hearing in the general industry can be found in which of the following?

Subpart G, Section 95

Once I put on my gas mask, how long will it last?

That depends on how much filtering capacity the respirator has and the amount of hazard in the air - the more chemical or biological hazard in the air (higher concentration), the shorter the time your filter will last. There is no absolute time limit, and it will vary by each respirator model's capacities and the concentration of the hazard.

Maximum Use Concentration

The MUC is a term used by OSHA for the upper limit at which the class of respirators is expected to provide protection. The MUC can be calculated by multiplying the APF in Table 1.0, by the permissible exposure limit (PEL), short-term exposure limit (STEL), or ceiling limit of the contaminant. APF ×PEL = MUC If an exposure ever approaches the MUC, the employer should select the next highest level of respirator. The respirator can be used up to this concentration as long as the MUC does not exceed the immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) level. Caution: Since the IDLH for Toluene is 500 ppm, you cannot use an air purifying respirator. You must use positive pressure supplied air or self-contained breathing apparatus.

PPE the least desirable hazard control strategy because

The hazard will not be eliminated If equipment fails, exposure will occur -Equipment must be properly fitted and maintained to reduce possibility of failure - Equipment must not be altered or removed even if uncomfortable ◦ discomfort may be due to improper fit -Compliance Enforcement Ongoing Co$t of PPE

Types of Gloves

Types of Gloves Butyl Viton Nitrile Kevlar Stainless steel mesh

Welding shields protect face and eyes from the following except?

UV light

1910.132(b): Employee Owned Equipment

Where employees provide their own protective equipment, the employer shall be responsible to assure its adequacy, including proper maintenance, and sanitation of such equipment -The employee's use of his or her own PPE must be completely voluntary. - The employee can withdraw use of his or her own PPE at any time

Eye and face protects against potential for injury from?

flying particles ◦ dust ◦ molten metal ◦ liquid chemicals ◦ gases and vapors ◦ Intense light -Welding -Lasers

1910.134 Respiratory Protection

https://www.osha.gov/publications/respiratory_protection_bulletin_2011

1910.132(d)(2) The employer shall verify that the required workplace hazard assessment has been performed through a written certification that

identifies the workplace evaluated; -the person certifying that the evaluation has been performed; -the date(s) of the hazard assessment; and, -which identifies the document as a certification of hazard assessment.

Viton

is highly resistant to permeation by chlorinated and aromatic solvents.

Workers who wear what kind of glasses must also wear required eye protection

prescription glasses

Stainless steel mesh

protects against cuts and lacerations.

Kevlar

protects against cuts, slashes, and abrasion.

Nitrile

provides protection against a wide variety of solvents, harsh chemicals, fats and petroleum products and also provides excellent resistance to cuts, punctures and abrasions.

Butyl

provides the highest permeation resistance to gas or water vapors; frequently used for ketones (M.E.K., Acetone) and esters (Amyl Acetate, Ethyl Acetate)

Norfoil laminate

resists permeation and breakthrough bytoxic/hazardous chemicals

General Requirements: OSHA Construction PPE Standards

• 1910.95: Criteria for personal protective equipment •1910.96: Occupational Foot protection • 1910.97: Electrical Protective Equipment • 1910.100: Head protection • 1910.101: Hearing protection • 1910.102: Eye and face protection • 1910.103: Respiratory protection

Training must be in writing, certified with:

• Name of employee trained? • Dates of training? • Subject certified?