OSHA- Health Science.

Which of the following answer choices are safe actions to take if you're inside during an earthquake?

"Stay inside.", "Take cover under a piece of heavy furniture.", "Take cover against an interior wall.", "Stay away from windows and tall furniture."

Who is responsible for inspecting the scaffold and its components before every work shift?

A competent person

Class K

Combustible cooking media/vegetable or animal oils and fats

Class D

Combustible metals (such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium) Card 5: Class K

A worker standing on a freshly mopped floor is adjusting products on a metal shelf with which there is a bare wire in contact.

Contacting Energized Sources

A worker carrying a long, metal pole accidentally makes contact with a power transmission line above his walking route.

Contacting Overhead Power Lines

Who is the manufacturer of the material listed on the Data Sheet?

ABC Co.

After the actual use of sharps devices, what is the next leading cause of sharps injuries?

Activities after use and prior to disposal

A(n) ________ exposure is a short term or brief exposure that may create an immediate health hazard.

Acute

HAIs are infections that develop during hospitalization but are neither present nor incubating upon the patient's admission to the hospital. They are generally infections that occur more than 48 to 72 hours after ____________ and within 10 days after hospital discharge.

Admission

What properties does a conductor have?

Allows electrical current flow

This type of exposure occurs through handling, disassembly, disposal, or reprocessing of contaminated needles and other sharp objects.

Skin exposure

Is the following statement true or false? Employers must provide face coverings for employees in compliance with federal, state, or local guidelines or as a result of a hazard assessment.

True

OSHA may respond to emerging health threats by creating an Emergency Temporary Standard to protect healthcare workers.

True

Remove any jewelry before donning gloves and ensure your hands are washed using the hand hygiene techniques described in the Infection Control module. Is this true or false?

True

Employers are required to implement the use of what when working with all human blood and other potentially infectious material regardless of whether it is known to be infectious for bloodborne pathogens?

Universal Precautions

When a medical transfer device is used, patients feel an enhanced sense of __________, leading to _______________.

dignity; increased patient satisfaction

Which of the following are potential consequences of workplace violence in healthcare?

"Acute and chronic effects for workers", "Challenges to recruitment", "Decreased retention of healthcare workers", "Lower patient satisfaction"

What fall protection is required by OSHA when working on an aerial lift?

A PFAS

Microorganisms are typically single-celled. What do microorganisms include?

"Bacteria", "Viruses", "Fungi", "Protozoa"

Margo, a newly-qualified physical therapist, has been working with her patient Simon for several weeks. He has made several comments on her appearance and clothing at previous appointments. At today's appointment he grabbed her breast and made some lewd comments. What type of violence does this scenario depict?

"Client-on-Worker"

As a healthcare worker, which vaccine-preventable diseases are you most likely to contract or transmit?

"Hepatitis B", "Influenza", "Measles", "Mumps", "Rubella", "Pertussis", "Varicella"

Example 2: A healthcare worker assists a patient who is vomiting as a result of a gastrointestinal bug. The worker neglects to wash her hands adequately after assisting the patient and touches her hand to her mouth. In this scenario, in the context of chain of infection, what is the term used to describe the mouth?

"Portal of Entry"

Example 3: A patient with an active influenza infection sneezes. In this scenario, what is the term used to describe the respiratory tract?

"Portal of Exit"

Containers for contaminated sharps must have certain features. What are these?

"Puncture-resistant", "Leakproof", "Biohazard labeled or color-coded red", "Closable", "Kept upright"

Example 1: This term could be used to describe an individual with an active measles infection.

"Reservoir"

As part of a hazard communication program, what is your employer required to have?

"Safety Data Sheets", "Labels on each container", "Training", "List of all chemicals"

A faint tingling sensation can be felt when the body experiences a current of ______ milliamp(s).

1

Nerve damage and death are likely to occur if the body receives a current of ____ to ___ milliamps

1,000 to 4,300

When the body receives a current of _____milliamps, death is probable, severe burns, and cardiac arrest occurs.

10,000

If there is an increase in respiratory infections in the community, healthcare facilities should keep symptomatic persons at least _____ away from others in common waiting areas.

3 feet

What is the recommended weight limit for most patient-lifting tasks according to NIOSH's lifting equation?

35 pounds

When working with propane in situations of oxygen deficiency, unknown exposure concentrations, or situations that are immediately dangerous to life or health, what should you always utilize?

A NIOSH-approved, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)

Who is responsible for designing a scaffold?

A qualified person

Under which of the following circumstances would a person be shocked?

Becomes part of an electrical circuit

A(n) __________ exposure is a repeated or prolonged exposure (over months or years) that may bring about slowly developing symptoms. These exposures do not cause immediate, obvious harm and a person may not see, feel, or smell the danger. Effects, however, may be permanent.

Chronic

When removing PPE, is the inside of a glove considered clean or contaminated?

Clean

A patient strikes a nurse as he attempts to give the patient her medication. What type of violence does this scenario depict?

Client-on-Worker

What method of accessing a scaffold is unsafe and should never be used?

Climbing on cross braces

Nora was mugged by a stranger in the hospital parking garage as she arrived to start her shift. What type of violence does this scenario depict?

Criminal intent

Which of the following is NOT a resource for keeping informed on emerging health threats?

DMV

This method involves the use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles.

Decontamination

Gina will be using a scissor lift in a warehouse to replace parts of the overhead sprinkler system. What should Gina do to keep herself safe while working on the lift?

Determine that a guardrail system is in place, Stand only on the work platform of the lift, "Keep materials and tools within easy reach"

This describes a process that eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms, except bacterial spores, on inanimate objects.

Disinfection

Cameron is a nurse in a home health service for senior citizens and frequently visits two patients in their homes: Elise and Richard. Elise tends to forget that Cameron is her nurse, and can grow anxious and afraid due to her lapses in memory. She often points her fingers at Cameron, paces, breathes heavily, and clenches her fists. Richard, Cameron's other patient, is usually friendly, engages in conversation, and shakes Cameron's hand at the end of the visits. Which of Cameron's patients exhibits behaviors that could lead to violence?

Elise

Class C

Electrical/energized electrical equipment

The Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act revised the bloodborne pathogens standard requiring employers to evaluate, select, and use what to eliminate or minimize exposure to contaminated sharps?

Engineering Controls

What type of PPE protects the face, mouth, nose, and eyes?

Face Shields

An EAP might help you start safe and stay safe by preparing you, but not others, to respond effectively in the event of an emergency. Is this true or false?

False

Electricity cannot flow through the air. Is this true or false?

False

Employers only have to review their EAP with each employee when the plan is first created. Is this true or false?

False

Class B

Flammables/liquids, gases, greases

The incidence rate for injuries and illnesses resulting in days away from work is nearly ____ as much for individuals in the healthcare industry as it is for all other industries nationwide.

Four times

What is the most common type of PPE used in healthcare settings which protects the hands?

Gloves

Which of the following is a fall prevention system?

Guardrail

While you're at work, you're helping your supervisor transition the manufacturing site for the third shift of workers. You find a secondary container with a label and you need to put it back in the right storage area. What section of the SDS would you look at to determine which storage location and conditions are best?

Handling and Storage

When your employer performs an assessment of the area, what are they trying to find?

Hazards

This disease can cause serious liver damage and death. Symptoms include jaundice, fever, nausea, and abdominal pain. Approximately 5 to 10 percent of patients develop chronic infection with this disease, which carries an estimated 20 percent lifetime risk of dying from cirrhosis and 6 percent risk of dying from liver cancer. The chance of becoming infected with this disease from a sharps injury is estimated to be between 6 and 30 percent. The CDC recommends that all healthcare workers, emergency personnel, and other individuals who are exposed to blood or bodily fluids on the job, should be vaccinated against this disease. The vaccine is safe and effective and can protect you for a lifetime.

Hepatitis B

This disease causes serious damage to the liver and can be fatal. Infection can occur without symptoms or only mild ones. Chronic disease develops in 75 to 80 percent of infected patients, and 70 percent of these individuals get active liver disease. Of those with active liver disease, 10 to 20 percent develop cirrhosis and 1 to 5 percent develop liver cancer.

Hepatitis C Virus

This bloodborne disease disables the body's immune system until it is no longer capable of fighting infection. It does this by attacking and destroying the infection-fighting CD4 cells of the immune system. The loss of CD4 cells makes it difficult for the body to fight infections and certain cancers. Once a person becomes immunocompromised, he or she can exhibit symptoms of weight loss, persistent low-grade fever, night sweats, and flu-like symptoms. The person is also more vulnerable to pneumonias, intestinal disorders, and fungal infections.

Human immunodeficiency Virus

Your supervisor asks you to run inventory on the chemical storage cabinet and make sure the SDS are up to date. You notice one of the chemicals does not have an expiration date. What section of the SDS do you review to find the manufacturer contact information?

Identification

Which route of entry could a chemical use to enter through the body's airways?

Inhalation

Accidental puncture by a sharp object contaminated with a pathogen.

Injection

How does a GFCI protect you?

It detects when there is any current leakage and cuts off the electrical flow.

A patient wakes up after surgery and begins vomiting. A healthcare worker gets a slip pad from the holder near the doorway to reduce the likelihood of someone slipping on the wet surface. This is an example of which OSHA requirement?

Keeping floors clean and dry

Employers should attach tags to identify equipment or circuits being worked on while any worker is exposed to contact with ____________ parts.

Live

What type of PPE protects the mouth and nose?

Masks

Case 1: After a successful triple bypass procedure that lasted 3 ½ hours, it was discovered that a cardiac patient suffered deep burns from a patient grounding pad applied to his lower back. The patient elected to heal with conservative management and was healed after two months.

Monopolar mode

Case 2: After reporting a persistent wound on her lower back, healthcare personnel realized that the wound was caused from a patient grounding pad applied over the lower back during a 2 1/2 hour long orthopedic surgery. The patient required a split-thickness skin graft for full recovery.

Monopolar mode

___ is a potential injury from electric shock.

Nerve Injury, loss of muscle control, and slight tingling sensation

To access a landing that is nine feet above the adjacent floor, a worker climbs an unsecured 10-foot ladder that has slip-resistant feet.

No

You are working on a large plant floor when you hear an explosion, which is followed by billowing smoke, debris and the fire alarm going off. Should you shelter in place?

No

Class A

Ordinary combustible material fires (such as wood, cloth, paper)

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), what was the most common event leading to injuries when working in a healthcare setting in 2015?

Overexertion and bodily reaction

What chemical is listed as the hazardous ingredient?

Propane

Which of the following answer options are your employer's responsibility?

Providing working conditions free from fall dangers", "Providing training to workers about job hazards", "Providing PPE at no cost to workers"

Murray needs to use a scissor lift to replace some protective netting at one of his city's athletic parks. What should Murray's employer address before Murray sets up and operates the scissor lift outdoors?

Proximity to electrical power sources", "Wind speed", "Ground instability", "Employee training"

In healthcare settings, microorganisms are spread to others through four common routes of transmission. These are direct and indirect contact, airborne spread, and what else?

Respiratory Droplets

BCD Chemical Distributors has prepared a barrel of hazardous chemicals to be shipped to your employer. Select from the options to determine which items must be in place before it can be shipped.

SDS", "Warning Label

Chaundrise disposes of the syringe and needle after administering medication to her patient. Is this safe or unsafe?

Safe

This type of exposure can occur when performing procedures where there is poor visualization, such as: blind suturing, non-dominant hand opposing or next to a sharp, or performing procedures where bone splinters or metal fragments are produced.

Sharps exposure

This involves the removal or destruction of all microorganisms and their spores.

Sterilization

Which factor increases the risk of injury if a person is shocked?

Sweat

Someone just cleaned the bathroom at work. You walk into the bathroom stall and notice a strong chemical smell. You notify your supervisor and immediately take a look at the SDS. Which section will you review to determine the routes of exposure and symptoms of exposure?

Toxicological Information

A fire prevention plan must be in writing, kept in the workplace, and be made available to employees for review. However, if an employer has 10 or fewer employees, they may communicate the plan orally to employees. Is this statement true or false?

True

According to safe handling practices, staff shortage, poor handling techniques, repetitive tasks, and lack of time are all personnel factors. Is this true or false?

True

Is it safe or unsafe to pull on a cord to remove plug from a wall receptacle?

Unsafe

Is using a three-prong plug with a missing ground post safe or unsafe?

Unsafe

Olivia has finished adding medication to her patient's IV. She keeps the syringe for use with the next patient since the valves can prevent backflow and contamination of injection devices. Is this safe or unsafe?

Unsafe

A client is undergoing therapy in a whirlpool unit that has been plugged into an extension cord.

Using Extension or Flexible Cords Improperly

When is a handrail required for stairs?

When there are four or more steps

These are practices that reduce the possibility of exposure by changing the way a task is performed, such as appropriate practices for handling and disposing of contaminated sharps, handling specimens, handling laundry, and cleaning contaminated surfaces and items. Which term best describes these practices?

Work practice controls

Hailey has recently joined the hospital as a nurse in labor and delivery. Since she started, she has received verbal harassment from her colleagues. Often her possessions are moved and her paperwork goes missing. What type of violence does this scenario depict?

Worker-on-Worker

A massive amount of ammonia gas has been accidentally released near your office. You have a room without windows and relatively tightly sealed doors. Should you shelter in place?

Yes

Should you remove a mask by handling it only by the ties or elastic bands?

Yes

To access a landing that is nine feet above the adjacent floor, a worker climbs an unsecured 10-foot ladder that has slip-resistant feet.

Yes

Which category do surgical instruments fall into?

critical

Found in the eyes, nose, or mouth.

mucous membrane

Ava works the intake desk at an emergency room. One of the people in the waiting area comes up to her and asks how much longer the wait will be while looking at his watch. Is this person exhibiting behaviors that indicate the potential for violence?

no

Which category does an endoscope fall into?

semicritical

Benjamin, a transport technician, was punched by a patient in the emergency room. He fell to the ground, hit his head on a table, he lost consciousness briefly, and required 8 stitches. Should this incident be reported to OSHA by Benjamin's employer?

yes

During her shift Natasha, a nurse's aide, was walking one of her Alzheimer's patients to the dining hall. The patient was sundowning and acting very agitated. She pushed Natasha, knocking her off balance. Natasha hit her shoulder as she fell and irritated an old injury. As a result, she won't be able to work for 2 days. Should this incident be reported to OSHA by Natasha's employer?

yes

What type of mechanical lift equipment provides stabilization for ambulatory patients by allowing workers to hold onto the belt and support the patient?

Walking or Gait Belts

About 3 o'clock this morning, firefighters responded to a building fire. While the fire was limited to one room and there were no injuries, there was about $5,000 worth of damage to structures. It was determined that electrical wiring from the mini-refrigerator to the wall receptacle was the cause of the fire. The mini-refrigerator fire was most likely caused by what type of wiring?

Flexible

A worker sets up to begin a painting job. He lays down a drop cloth and makes sure that the floor is even so that the ladder is stable. The worker also makes sure that the area around his painting zone is free of clutter or objects lying on the ground. He then stands with both feet on the top step of the ladder and starts to paint. What does the worker do incorrectly?

He is standing on the top of the ladder.

Which of the following answer choices are safe actions to take if you're outside during an earthquake?

Move into the open.", "Stay away from buildings, street lights, and utility wires until the shaking stops."

In terms of wage replacement, ______ injuries are among the most expensive type of hospital worker injuries.

Patient Handling

According to safe handling practices patient size and weight, mental status and combativeness, decreased consciousness, and resistance to equipment use are referred to as what?

Patient-related Factors

What should you do each time you put on a tight-fitting respirator?

Perform a seal check

What type of mechanical lift equipment helps to reduce friction while laterally transferring patients or repositioning patients in bed?

Slip Sheets/Roller Sheets

An EAP is a plan created to help people respond to emergency situations in a safe and organized manner. Is this true or false?

True

An EAP must have certain elements, including rescue and medical duties for employees performing them. Is this true or false?

True

As an employee, you should be trained on your role and responsibilities in an emergency. Is this true or false?

True

Chemicals can create a physical hazard in the workplace such as causing a fire or explosion.

True

Electricity can flow through tissues and fluids in the human body. Is this true or false?

True

Goggles should feel snug but not tight. Is this true or false?

True

Which of the following statements about fixed ladders are true?

"Any worker ascending fixed ladders must be qualified climbers with additional training.", "Employers are required to have ladder safety or personal fall arrest systems for fixed ladders that extend more than 24 feet.", "Fixed ladders are permanently attached to a structure, a building, or equipment."

Which of the following answer options are ways to prevent falls from ladders?

"Choose the right ladder for the job", "Don't carry tools or materials in your hands while climbing", "Tie off the top and bottom to fixed points"

Which of the following threats might be addressed in an Emergency Action Plan, or EAP?

"Explosion", "Hurricane", "Toxic material release", "Civil disturbance"

Prior to fighting any fire with a portable fire extinguisher, what should you take into account?

"Fire size", "Type of flame", "Atmosphere in the vicinity of the fire", "Fire fighter's evacuation path"

There is also a generally accepted order in which PPE should be removed. What is the correct order for removing PPE once you are finished with your patient care task?

"Gloves", "Goggles", "Isolation Gown", "Mask or Respirator"

Which of the following guidelines should be followed in the event of a building fire?

"If you must exit through smoke, crawl low under the smoke to your exit.", "If you come to a closed door, feel the door first and, if it is warm, use an alternate way out.", "If your exit route is unsafe due to smoke, heat, or flames blocking the way, stay in the room with the door closed and signal for help." a

What do you think Madison needs to include in the fire prevention training plan?

"Individual roles and responsibilities", "Threats, hazards, and protective actions", "Notification, warning, and communications procedures", "Means for locating family members in an emergency", "Emergency response procedures", "Evacuation, shelter, and accountability procedures", "Location and use of common emergency equipment", "Emergency shutdown procedures"

While the type of PPE required will vary based on task, there is a generally accepted sequence to putting on items of PPE. What is the correct sequence?

"Isolation Gown", "Mask or Respirator", "Goggles", "Gloves"

Which of these does OSHA require employers to construct and install to minimize electrocution hazards?

"Lighting found throughout the building", "Appliances such as freezers or refigerators", "Switches used with generators", "Controls on equipment and machinery in the workplace"

Which elements do you think need to go in a fire prevention plan?

"Means of reporting fires and other emergencies", "Evacuation procedures and emergency escape route assignments", "Procedures for employees who remain to operate critical plant operations before they evacuate", "Accounting for all employees after an emergency evacuation has been completed", "Rescue and medical duties for employees performing them", "Names or job titles of persons who can be contacted"

Which of the following patients require the use of Standard Precautions?

"Newborn baby", "Old man with a broken hip", "Woman in labor", "Drug user", "Patient with an open sore"

Let's see if you understand your employer's role in the PPE process. Place the options in the correct sequence by selecting the appropriate number from the dropdown menu.

"Perform a hazard assessment", "Select the right PPE for the job", "Provide training on the hazards and the required PPE"

What is the order for safely donning a mask with ties?

"Place the mask over your mouth, nose, and chin.", "Fit the flexible nose piece to the form of your nose bridge.", "Tie the upper set of ties at the back of your head and the lower set at the base of your neck."

Which of the following would be addressed by an employer completing an EAP template?

"Procedures for alerting people about an emergency.", "Responsibilities to those affected.", "Evacuation routes."

What are some of the things your employer should do to prevent worker falls and accidents using portable ladders at the workplace?

"Rungs and steps are slip-resistant", "Ladders used on slippery surfaces are secured and stabilized", "Ladders are not moved, shifted, or extended while a worker is on them", "Top steps and caps of stepladders are not used as steps"

Based on what we've just discussed, why is an EAP critical?

"Without an EAP in place prior to an emergency, your response will be disorganized and potentially fatal."

If an individual receives _____ milliamps of current, a shock is felt but it is not painful, and that person may be injured from a fall due to involuntary movements.

5,000

Depending on body mass, a person will lose control of his/her muscles in the range from ____ to ___ milliamps.

6 to 30

Under which circumstances must an employer provide a guardrail?

Around every floor hole into which a worker can accidentally walk", "Around every open-sided platform, floor, or runway that is 4 feet or higher off the ground or next level", "Regardless of height, if a worker can fall into or onto dangerous machines or equipment"

As we've seen, there are certain steps you can take to protect yourself when moving a patient. Place these steps in the correct order as described in the video on the previous page.

Assess the patient", "Assess the environment", "Get the necessary equipment and help", "Perform the task safely

Case 3: During a biopsy for a lesion on his cheek, a medical cauterization procedure was used to control bleeding. During the procedure, the man received oxygen and at one point the electrocautery device ignited the nasal cannula and the man received first-and second-degree burns to his cheeks and nose area. The fire was extinguished before reaching the oxygen tank; therefore, no explosion occurred. There were no other burn injuries during the surgery; a grounding pad was not used.

Bipolar mode

Which of the following are electrical hazards?

Burns, Electrocution, Shock, Arc Flash, Fire, Explosions

When removing PPE, are the outside front and sleeves of an isolation gown considered clean or contaminated?

Contaminated.

You are working at a beachfront facility that has very solid construction. You have finished helping to secure the facility prior to the arrival of a large hurricane. Some of your colleagues say they are going to ride out the storm at the facility but you know there is still time to follow the published evacuation route. Should you shelter in place?

No

You hear the tornado warning alarm sounding as you are working in your second story office area. There are a lot of windows in this large area of low cubicles. There is an interior stairwell that leads to a basement area. Should you shelter in place?

No

What type of mechanical lift equipment is a track system built into the ceiling which provides patients with mobility from room to room without manual lifting?

Overhead Track Mounted Patient Lifters

PASS

Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep

Is placing a plug into a wall receptacle with your hand on the plug safe or unsafe?

Safe

What is the order for safely donning a gown?

Select the appropriate type for the task and the right size for you.", "Put the gown on so that the opening of the gown is at the back.", "Secure the gown at the neck and waist." i

What criteria must your employer-provided PPE meet?

That fits you in order to give you the best protection from these hazards.