Parathyroid gland

what is used for diagnosis of hyperarathyroidism?

Cyclic AMP (cAMP), Urine. Test is used for diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. In hyperparathyroidism there is increased cAMP in urine. A significant deviation from the normal range may require further evaluation by your physician

hyperparathyroid signs are related to what; what do they result in? what breath sounds may you hear and why?

Hyperparathyroid signs are related to nerve damage result in spasm, swelling compress tracheal cause obstructions, may hear stridor high harsh pitched sound, due to calcium

phosphorus is involved in what?

Phosphorus involved in electrolyte balance, body tissue and combined with calcium to support strength in the skeletal system These levels are listed in Iggy for calcium and phosphorus values but, check your facilities lab values

surgical removal or the thyroid and parathyroid is called what? what autoimmune disorders may be interfering with PTH function?

Surgery removal is thyroidectomy and parathyroid Autoimmune disorders DM, Vitiligo, adrenal insufficiency, and pernicious anemia also hypomagnesemia is idiopathic but maybe connected to suspension of autoimmune disorders causing absorption problems and interfering with PTH function with bones, kidneys and calcium regulation

some of the factors that play a part in hyperparathyroidism; excess pth hormone increases what? how does it do this? what does this do? this change can cause what?

Excess PTH hormone increase bone resorption (bone loss of calcium), by decreasing Osteoblastic bone production activity; and, increasing osteoclastic (bone destruction) activity. This releases calcium and phosphorus into blood reducing bone density. the change can cause chronic calcium excess and hypercalcemia, initiating calcium deposit in to soft tissue

excessive calcium; decreased calcium; hypophospatemia; are seen in what diseases?

Excessive calcium hypercalcemia seen in hyperparathyroidism Decreased calcium seen in hypoparathyroidism Hypophosphatemia (inadequate phosphorus blood levels) seen in hyperthyroidism

hypoparathyroidism assessment; what should you ask? what are the signs and symptoms related to low calcium from mild to severe?

Hypoparathyroidism Assessment-During interview ask about neck surgery, radiation possible procedures damage the parathyroid. These are signs and symptoms related to low calcium fro mild to severe. During physical exams the contractions are seen and positive responses to Trousseau and chvostek can lead to tetany,

parathyroid; calcium levels are kept within what range; what does calcium ensure?

The calcium level kept within a very narrow range. Calcium ensures there is electrical energy for the nervous system and energy for the muscular systems, and strength for our skeletal system.

what is the major function of the parathyroid glands?

The major function of the parathyroid glands is to maintain the body's calcium levels and phosphorus.

what are the parathyroid glands? how many do we have? where are they located?

The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). Humans usually have four parathyroid glands, located on the back of the thyroid gland, although considerable variation do exists. These glands are not visible or able to be felt during examination of the neck.

The patient may need to be assessed for what with calcium and phosphorus?

The patient may need to be assessed for electrolyte imbalances with calcium and phosphorus and signs can be associated with these imbalances. Labs detect hyperparathyroidism are listed but, also perform bone density testing

assessment data starts with what? the nurse will question what? the physical exam has visible s+s of what?

This is assessment data and it starts with the interview process and collecting subjective data. The nurse will question endocrine history, medications including OTC, length of illness, symptom relief. The physical exam has visible signs and symptoms with patients experiencing hyperparathyroidism

treatment for hyperparathyroidism

Treatments include non surgical treatments like medications, diet supplements, dietary intake; and surgical treatments all are listed on your slide