Part 2 of Developmental Psychology

culture; narrative identity

A Hollywood movie star who always tells interviewers that having grown up in the South helps her stay grounded and "real" is demonstrating the impact of ________ on her ________.

BOTH RULES EQUALLY

According to Piaget, which rule would be considered important by a six-year-old child?

reciprocity

According to family systems theory, a nuclear family is marked by ________.

AVOIDANT

Carla got pregnant at 15 and decided, against her parents' wishes, to keep the baby. Unprepared for the responsibility, Carla resents how baby Danny intrudes on her fun and she acts as if he is merely an inconvenience to her.What attachment style will Danny likely develop?

AGENCY

Carmela didn't pay any particular attention to the stuffed lion in her crib, until one day she squeezed him and it played music. She discovered her sense of ________ and now hugs the lion all the time to hear the music.

STAGE 4

Carmela recently celebrated her 35th birthday party, where she got into a heated discussion with a friend over a particular moral dilemma. Which stage of reasoning did Carmela use to argue her point?

DEPTH

Compared to friendships formed in childhood, which term best reflects the friendships among adolescents?

THEIR FAMILY INCOME

Compared to when they were in kindergarten, the students in Ms. Johnson's fourth grade class have more complex perceptions of themselves and their place in the social world. Which of the following has the least impact on her students' self-esteem?

HOW DID PAUL DECIDE WHAT TO DO?

Riding his bike, Paul notices a luxury car parked and running on a desolate road. When this situation concludes, in whatever manner, Kohlberg would ask ________.

THEORY OF MIND

Today Jessie's friend Maya showed up at pre-school wearing two different socks and two different shoes. It was so crazy; everybody was talking about it. On the way home, Jessie's mom asked, "Why do you think Maya did something so silly?" Jessie said matter-of-factly, "Because she wanted to." What is Jessie demonstrating?

nearly 35 percent

What is the global rate of spousal/partner abuse?

ambivalence

What is the likely rationale for higher rates of marital dissatisfaction and divorce among couples who cohabitate before marrying?

CONFIDANT

When Evelyn's husband passed away after nearly 50 years of marriage, she knew that Dolores was always there to call on when she felt sad, lonely, or just needed to talk.Which term best describes Dolores?

PSYCHOLOGICAL

When a child develops trait perception, they have gained a level of ________ awareness.

care; recreation

When an infant is in the family, the mother spends much of the time focused on _______ while the father focuses on ________.

characteristic adaptation

When facing stressful periods in life, Jacquie tends to isolate herself from people and escape by watching romantic comedies. Which of the following best describes Jacquie's response?

ruminative coping

While most of their classmates are at the spring dance, Joanne and her two girlfriends are in their pajamas eating pizza, playing music by sad "emo" singers, and wondering why no guys ever notice them. What is going on in Joanne's family room?

ALBERT BANDURA

Which of the following theorists allowed for the greatest amount of flexibility in the development of personality?

concentric circles

Which of the following visually depicts the relationship of the family to environmental systems in Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model?

MANY WAYS

Which of the following would be a good slogan for someone who has well-developed perspective-taking skills?

Maria has post-partum depression, so her husband Leo spends more time caring for their infant

Which of the following would be considered an indirect effect of parents on a child?

DISTRESS

Which of the primary emotions eventually is divided into several more specific emotions?

authoritative

Which parenting style could be considered the most balanced?

NURTURE, BY A MODERATE AMOUNT

Which plays a larger role in a person's antisocial behavior: nature or nurture?

RACHEL, WHO IS 24

Who has a bigger list of friends to send birthday greetings to?

Jonathan, a European-American boy

Who is most likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?

Lacey, a 23-year-old woman

Who is most likely to be experiencing major depression for the first time?

A 69-YEAR-OLD BLACK WOMAN

Who will most likely achieve Erikson's sense of integrity through the practice of religion?

SIX

Hector has begun to depend less on his mom and dad for support and is becoming more interested in friends. How old is Hector?

It is significantly less.

How does rivalry and conflict among adult siblings compare to conflict when siblings were children?

IT INCREASES SIGNIFICANTLY.

How does the amount of peer interaction change from the time kids are toddlers to the time they are in middle childhood?

It is the bottom of a U-shape, marking the end of low satisfaction

How does the empty nest impact the graphical curve that measures marital satisfaction for couples?

NINE

In terms of her identity as an Asian American, developmental psychologists would consider Thuy to be in the foreclosure status.How old is Thuy?

I CAN BE SHY SOMETIMES.

13- David is in seventh grade and writing a self-concept essay for English class. Which of the following statements is David most likely to include in his essay?

PASSIVITY

A key difference between Alexander Thomas's perspective on temperament and Mary Rothbart's perspective centers on the issue of ________.

resources

A nonprofit organization brings a bookmobile to low-income neighborhoods, where it enables children to read books in a safe space. Children are also given books to keep for free.This program is designed to address which of the parenting deficits that occur in low SES families?

MEASUREMENT CRITERIA

Adults can maintain a higher sense of self-esteem as they age by changing their ________.

EIGHTEEN MONTHS

After babbling at each other while seeming halfway in their own worlds, Violet and Max have recently begun to share toys and truly engage each other in their day care sessions. How old are Violet and Max?

COGNITIVE RESERVE

Although she is retired, Evelyn continues to take classes at the local community college. She believes it will help keep her from developing dementia by building up ________.

LESS PHYSICAL AND MORE CONTROLLED

As a child moves from infancy into pre-school age, their antisocial behavior tends to become ________.

ADAPTIVE PROCESSES

As a developmental psychopathologist, Dr. Lee believes that conditions such as depression and eating disorders are the result of ________.

SECURITY

As children's social focus shifts from parents to peers, what does a friend offer that used to be provided by the mother?

STATUS PHASE

At the junior high Fall Fling, both Jessica and Rashid made sure that they slow-danced in the light coming from the stage so that their classmates would see them. What relationship phase is this couple in?

THREE WEEKS

At what age does an infant's social bonding signal shift from being an automatic reaction to demonstrating a sense of recognition?

STIMULATION

Baby Madison has recently developed an attachment to her mom. Which of the following does this relationship NOT offer to Madison?

in about 18 months

Brad and Yasmin just finalized their divorce and are adapting along with their children to new roles and routines. When will the members of this family likely get back on their feet and feel more stable in life?

PERSONAL

By the time children enter middle school, their moral reasoning becomes a little more ____.

TRUST; INTEGRITY

Erikson would say that a successful journey of psychosocial growth begins with developing ________ and culminates with having a sense of ________.

IN FIRST GRADE

For a long time Sachi has been pretty impressed with herself. But recently she's come to realize that her peers are better at some things than she is. How does Sachi spend her days?

permissive

Fourth grader Hunter is not well-liked by his peers. He is always picking fights and tries to hog the classroom games and playground equipment all to himself. What style of parenting do Hunter's parents likely practice?

PROCESS

From a developmental perspective, retirement from the workforce is considered a(n) ________.

nagging depression

Heather suffered from significant child abuse from her father when she was growing up. Now that she is in her 30s, what is Heather likely experiencing in her life?

EMOTIONAL DISPLAY RULES

In a famous episode of the 1970s TV series "The Mary Tyler Moore Show," the main character Mary is embarrassed at being unable to stop laughing at the funeral of a colleague, Chuckles the Clown. The humor in this scenario is grounded in which of the following?

JUSTIFIED

In the context of developmental psychopathology, the "storm and stress" view of adolescence is ________.

COMPETENCE

Jamal had always been a bit shy and insecure. But his dad spent a lot of time with him this summer playing catch and kicking around the soccer ball. Now in fifth grade Jamal is always picked first to be on sport teams because he's so good - and he feels more confident in general.Jamal's experience demonstrates the influence of ________ on a child's self-esteem.

spillover effects

Javier and his siblings always dread hearing the door slam when dad gets home. That means he's had a bad day at work. So they sit quietly and watch TV and wait for him to calm down, hopefully by suppertime. What are the children in this family experiencing?

7 YEARS

Joanne got married in 1960, and her granddaughter Phoebe recently got married. As brides, how much older was Phoebe than Joanne?

evolutionary forces

Justine and Diego cannot understand why their young son and daughter are constantly bickering. They can fight over the smallest thing and can pick up on the slightest hint of perceived injustice or lack of fairness. What is at the foundation of the children's behavior?

AVOIDANT

Justine is taking her young son Lamont to look at a possible day care center for him. The teacher takes him by the hand and tells Justine to get some coffee and look around the facility. Justine expects Lamont to get upset, but he easily goes off with the teacher without a backward glance. Later ,when Justine and Lamont are reunited, he does not seem to have a need for a hug or comfort from his mother.What is Lamont's likely attachment style?

WHO AM I?

Kelvin's self-concept helps him to answer which of the following questions?

BIAS

Kenneth Dodge believes that aggressive behavior in high school students is grounded in ________.

+.64

Lionel participated in a research project in college to determine his ranking on the Big Five personality dimensions. Now in his 50s, Lionel recently completed the same research tests.What was the correlation between Lionel's two scores on the dimension of agreeableness?

HIS MIRROR NEURONS ARE FIRING

Malcolm had a great time at recess, going as high as he could on the swings and then jumping off. Now he's back in class and, instead of listening to the teacher, he's watching his friend swinging and jumping during second recess period. What is happening while Malcolm watches his friend outside?

SOCIAL INTERACTIONS

Megan, a fourth grade student, has been diagnosed as having autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following is likely negatively impacted by her psychopathology?

AMYGDALA AND PREFRONTAL CORTEX

Now that he's older, Hassan's opinions on moral issues are a little more rational than when he was younger. He's not cold and calculating, but he's also not overly swayed by emotion. A biological perspective on the dual-process model would say that this reflects more integration of Hassan's ________.

ALOOF

On the sociometric scale, Rhondella's is categorized as neglected. Which of the following best describes Rhondella's behavior on the playground?

FORECLOSURE

Raisa is a high school senior with very traditional and caring parents who have always exercised control over her academic path, social activities, and life decisions. What is Raisa's likely identity status?

COOPERATE

Samirah wants to make sure that her son Raj develops a good conscience at an early age. In order for this to occur, both Samirah and Raj will need to learn how to ________ in their relationship.

PERSPECTIVE

Socioemotional selectivity theory reflects which of the following in an older person?

INTERNALIZING

Someone who sits and stews about their resentments toward people and life in general is ________.

CUMULATIVE

The cascade model of substance abuse suggests that risk factors for teen substance use are ________.

GENETICS

The fact that babies display a specific temperament from the moment they are born demonstrates the role of ________ in personality.

cyclical

The ongoing problem of child abuse can largely be attributed to ________ forces.

WHITE FEMALES

The suicide rate for which of the following groups peaks at middle age and then declines significantly?

Vascular dementia

Unlike his sister's experience, Lamont's dementia seemed to progress in clear stages. With each phase, his cognitive capacity declined markedly. What is the likely diagnosis for Lamont?

ALIKENESS

What are people on an online relationship website first looking for in a potential partner?

Sam, who has disorganized attachment with his caregivers

Which infant is most likely to demonstrate signs of depression?

Caleb, who is nervous

Which kindergarten student is more likely to be depressed?

ADAPTATION

Which of the following best reflects the underlying goal of morality from the perspective of an evolutionary theorist?

ROSA, WHO WAS IN FIVE FOSTER FAMILIES DURING ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL.

Which of the following children will likely experience the most difficulty in establishing satisfying attachments with others later in life?

RATIONALE

Which of the following concepts is applicable to Kohlberg's preconventional, conventional, and postconventional stages?

symptom expression

Which of the following factors plays a role in the higher prevalence of ADHD in boys than in girls?

COOPERATIVE ↑ ASSOCIATIVE ↑

Which of the following indicates the frequency of cooperative and associative play as children get older?

EMPATHY

Which of the following is a critical emotional factor in a person's moral development?

Denise was a fussy baby, which put additional strain on her parents' relationship

Which of the following is an example of the child effect model of family influence?

having a difficult temperament

Which of the following is considered a diathesis for psychopathology?

a pop star modeling a size 1 bathing suit

Which of the following most contributes to the "thin ideal" for adolescent girls?

AMAAL, WHO SHARES HER COOKIES AT RECESS

Which of the following people is demonstrating prosocial behavior?

NEURONS

Which of the following plays a key role in the cognitive impacts of Alzheimer's disease?

AGGRESSION

Which of the following ranks highest for continuity beyond childhood?

Self-esteem

Which of the following reflects a value judgment?

INTENSITY

Which of the following reflects the rationale for the shift in diagnostic terminology from "autism" to "autism spectrum disorder"?

Although personality stabilizes during childhood, many factors can alter personality by adulthood.

Which of the following statements best reflects the relationship between childhood and adult personality?

"SHE SHOULDN'T DO THAT TO JOE; IT'S NOT FAIR."

Which of the following statements reflects the cognitive component of morality?

Megan, a European-American

Which of the following teens is likely to be most proactive in trying to attain autonomy in the family?

EXPOLORATION

Which of the following terms best describes the moratorium period that occurs in adolescence?

INDISTINCT

Which of the following terms best describes the three criteria for identifying abnormal behavior?

COMMUNICATION

Which of the following terms best reflects practicing induction to socialize morality in children?

balance

Which of the following terms best reflects the changing dynamic between parents and young adolescents?

FIFTH

Xavier has recently joined a clique of guys who like video games and technology. They hang out together on their own and trade scores and talk about things like self-driving cars and home robots. What grade is Xavier in?