Participation Quiz 12

Which of the two following statements are FALSE regarding acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? - It is predominantly of B cell origin and is most often a pediatric cancer - It is treated with specific targeted inhibitors that kill only leukemic cells - Unlike chronic myeloid leukemia, ALL lacks a characteristic translocation - Cases of T cell ALL have arisen following gene therapy for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) - It can be cured by an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant

- It is treated with specific targeted inhibitors that kill only leukemic cells - It can be cured by an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Which of the following is a benign neoplasm? - lymphoma - adenoma - leukemia - melanoma

- adenoma; it's b9

Which of the following hematologic neoplasms would be best treated by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant? - follicular lymphoma - pre-B cell leukemia - Burkitt lymphoma - multiple myeloma - mantle cell lymphoma

- follicular lymphoma - multiple myeloma

P53 is inactivated in about half of human cancers. Which two statements are TRUE regarding p53? - it is an oncogene - its activation can lead to further mutations and aneuploidy - it blocks checkpoint proteins that drive the cell cycle - it prevents mutated DNA from being replicated

- it blocks checkpoint proteins that drive the cell cycle - it prevents mutated DNA from being replicated

All of the following statements regarding myelodysplastic diseases are true EXCEPT: - it is also called "preleukemia" because almost all cases evolve into leukemia - it is a clonal expansion of precursor cells that fail to differentiate properly - anemia is one of the most common symptoms - it can be cured by allogeneic stem cell transplantation

- it is also called "preleukemia" because almost all cases evolve into leukemia

All of the following are TRUE regarding myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) EXCEPT: - myelofibrosis causes symptoms of pancytopenia: easy bruising, infections, and anemia - all MPN involve mutations in a cytokine signaling pathway - in essential thrombocytosis, JAK2 or thrombopoietin receptor is mutated - neoplastic lymphoid cells are diagnostic for MPN - in chronic myeloid leukemia, bcr-abl causes upregulated GM-CSF signaling - polycythemia vera is caused by a mutation of JAK2 tyrosine kinase that upregulates mitosis

- neoplastic lymphoid cells are diagnostic for MPN

Which statement is FALSE regarding neoplasms? - benign neoplasms can progress into malignant neoplasms - sarcomas are cancers of connective tissues including blood - carcinomas are cancers of epithelial tissues - only benign neoplasms always end with the suffix "...oma" - malignant neoplasms have mutations that allow local invasion and formation of metasteses

- only benign neoplasms always end with the suffix "...oma" * melanoma and lymphomas are malignant

Diagnosis of the exact subtype of acute myeloid leukemia is important for choosing correct therapy. Diagnosis is based on all of the following EXCEPT: - the genetic mutation present in neoplastic lymphoid cells - whether the patient had prior radiation or chemotherapy - the World Health Organization classification - the French-American-British classification

- the genetic mutation present in neoplastic lymphoid cells

Which of the following is FALSE regarding Auer rods: - they are present in cells of myeloid origin - they may be present in some myelodysplastic syndromes - they are composed of fused lysosomes and peroxidase - they are found in all subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia

- they are found in all subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia

T or F. The answer to the question "Did we get it all?" can be definitively determined visually from gross evaluation of the tissue.

False *need to examine microscopically also

T or F. Carcinomas are more common than sarcomas and hematologic neoplasms

True

T or F. Differential inking of surgical margins on the biopsy allows the orientation of the tumor to be determined.

True

Which of the following statements best describes the transformation of Epstein Barr Virus-infected B cells into Burkitt lymphoma?

an infected B cell undergoes neoplastic transformation, producing a monoclonal proliferation

Which statement is true comparing Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma ?

cells producing Hodgkin lymphoma make more surface immunoglobulins

The most common type of leukemia is:

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

All patients with chronic myeloid leukemia have a persistently activated:

cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase

neoplasm: hematologic

diagnostic marker: CD45+

neoplasm: myeloma

diagnostic marker: CD45-16+56+138+

neoplasm: epithelial

diagnostic marker: cytokeratin

neoplasm: melanoma

diagnostic marker: melanin

neoplasm: sarcoma

diagnostic marker: vimentin

With additional mutations beyond upregulation of BCL-2, follicular lymphoma can transform into:

diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Write in the name of the basophilic dye that is used to stain frozen or formalin-preserved tissues:

hematoxylin

The oncogene myc is overexpressed in about 25% of human cancers. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding myc? - it is a nuclear transcription factor - it is activated by JAK and STAT3 - it down regulates cellular mitosis - it codes for cyclins

it down regulates cellular mitosis

Most tumors in lymph nodes are which type of neoplasm?

metastatic carcinomas

The first lymph node downstream from a tumor is called the ______ node

sentinel