Path: Test 2

Why do multiple opportunistic infections develop with acute leukemia?

Many nonfunctional immature leukocytes.

Which of the following occur when disseminated intravascular coagulation develops?

Multiple thrombi and deficit of clotting factors.

The Reed-Stemberg cell is diagnostic for:

Hodgkins's lymphoma.

Why is pernicious anemia treated with injections of B12?

The ingested vitamin would not be absorbed into the blood.

What are typical early general signs/symptoms of anemia?

Pallor, dyspnea, and fatigue.

What is a deficit of all types of blood cells called?

Pancytopenia.

Chronic blood loss causes anemia because of the:

Smaller amount of recycled iron available.

Which of the following statements apply to hemochromocytosis?

A metabolic error leads to excess amounts of hemosiderin causing damage to organs.

What would the result of a reduced number of erythrocytes in the blood?

A decreased hematocrit.

What is the cause of sickle cell anemia?

A defective gene inherited from both parents.

Thalassemia is caused by:

A deficit in one or more genes for hemoglobin.

What causes numbness and tingling in the fingers of individuals with untreated pernicious anemia?

B12 deficit causing peripheral nerve demyelination.

What is the primary treatment for the leukemias?

Chemotherapy.

Why is excessive bleeding a common occurrence with acute leukemia?

Decreased platelets.

What are common early signs of aplastic anemia?

Excessive bleeding and recurrent infections.

What is a common predisposing factor to leukemia?

Exposure to radiation.

What is the basic abnormality in thalassemia?

Failure to synthesize either the alpha or beta chains in the hemoglobin molecule.

Which anemia is considered to result from a malabsorption problem?

Pernicious.

What describes the characteristic erythrocyte associated with pernicious anemia?

Megaloblastic or macrocytic nucleated cells.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma differs from Hodgkin's lymphoma in that NH usually presents as:

Multiple scattered and enlarged lymph nodes.

Petechiae and purpura are common signs of:

Increased bleeding tendencies.

In cases of polycythemia vera, why is blood pressure elevated?

Increased number of circulating blood cells.

Which of the following is typical of Hodgkin's disease?

Initial tumor is single, painless, enlarged lymph node, and often cervical.

Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor involving:

Plasma cells.

What is a compensation mechanism for individuals with anemias?

Tachycardia.