Patho 2 Online Questions

The nurse is admitting a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should expect the following symptoms during an assessment, except: A. Hypoglycemia B. Frequent bruising C. Ketonuria D. Dry mouth

A. Hypoglycemia

A clinical feature that distinguishes a hypoglycemic reaction from a ketoacidosis reaction is: A. Blurred vision B. Diaphoresis C. Nausea D. Weakness

B. Diaphoresis

A nurse went to a patient's room to do routine vital signs monitoring and found out that the patient's bedtime snack was not eaten. This should alert the nurse to check and assess for: A. Elevated serum bicarbonate and decreased blood pH B. Signs of hypoglycemia earlier than expected C. Symptoms of hyperglycemia during the peak time of NPH insulin D. Sugar in the urine

B. Signs of hypoglycemia earlier than expected

Rotation sites for insulin injection should be separated from one another by 2.5 cm (1 inch) and should be used only every: A. Third day B. Every other day C. 1-2 weeks D. 2-4 weeks

C. 1-2 weeks

A nurse is caring for a client with Addison's disease who has been admitted with muscle weakness, dehydration, and nausea and vomiting for the past 2 days. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse plan to administer? A. Rifampin B. Loperamide C. Hydrocortisone D. Spirinolactone

C. Hydrocortisone

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has Addison's disease about healthy snack foods. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching A.Sliced bananas B. Baked potato C. Turkey and cheese sandwich D. Plain yogurt with peaches

C. Turkey and cheese sandwich

Knowing that gluconeogenesis helps to maintain blood glucose levels, a nurse should: A. Document weight changes because of fatty acid mobilization. B. Evaluate the patient's sensitivity to low room temperatures because of decreased adipose tissue insulation. C. Protect the patient from sources of infection because of decreased cellular protein deposits. D. Do all of the above.

D. Do all of the above.

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client with Addison's disease, reports. nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. To prevent an Addisonian crisis , the nurse should administer which of the following medications? A. Calcium B. Potassium C. Iodine D. Hydrocortisone

D. Hydrocortisone

Clinical nursing assessment for a patient with microangiopathy who has manifested impaired peripheral arterial circulation includes all of the following, except: A. Integumentary inspection for the presence of brown spots on the lower extremities B. Observation for paleness of the lower extremities C. Observation for blanching of the feet after the legs are elevated for 60 seconds D. Palpation for increased pulse volume in the arteries of the lower extremities

D. Palpation for increased pulse volume in the arteries of the lower extremities

a nurse is assessing a client who has Addison's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. hypotension b. weight gain c. sugar craving d. pale skin tone

a. hypotension

a nurse is planning care for a client who has Cushing's syndrome due to chronic corticosteroid use. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? a. check the clients blood glucose for hypoglycemia b. check the clients urine specific gravity c. weight the client weekly d. insert an indwelling urinary catheter for the client

b. check the clients urine specific gravity

a nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider using to determine the presence of adrenal insufficiency? a. prednisone b. cosyntropin c. dexamethasone d. ketoconazole

b. cosyntropin

a nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with Addison's crisis and has a blood pressure of 74/42 mmHg. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? a. desmopressin b. hydrocortisone c. dopamine d. furosemide

b. hydrocortisone

a nurse is assessing a client who has Addison's disease. Which of the following skin manifestation should the nurse expect to find? a. purple striae on the chest and abdomen b. butterfly rash across the bridge of the nose c. bronze pigmentation of the skin d. jaundice of the fave and sclera

c. bronze pigmentation of the skin

a nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease and has been placed on long-term mineralocorticoid therapy with fludrocortisone. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse provide when explaining the purpose of this therapy? a. mineralocorticoids help the body metabolize carbohydrates, fates, and proteins b. mineralocorticoid support secondary sexual development c. mineralocorticoid maintain electrolyte and fluid balance d. mineralocorticoid reduce the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias

c. mineralocorticoid maintain electrolyte and fluid balance

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking a prescription for glucocorticoid adrenal replacement medication for the long-term treatment of Addison's disease. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effects of the medications? a. weight loss b. hypotension c. lethargy d. osteoporosis

d. osteoporosis

a nurse is teaching a client who has primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) and a prescription for hydrocortisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching about this medication a. you may need to take lower dosage when you are ill or experiencing stress b. take this medication before going to bed because it will make you tired c. carry a supply of pills and a single-use injectable preparation with you at all times d. you will need to stop this medication before routine procedures such as a colonoscopy

d. you will need to stop this medication before routine procedures such as a colonoscopy

An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with DM. The client asks the nurse about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump: A. Gives a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage from the pump before each meal. B. It is timed to release programmed doses of regular or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals. C. It is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses regular insulin into the pancreas, which in turn releases the insulin into the bloodstream. D. It continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring blood glucose levels.

A. Gives a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage from the pump before each meal.

Albert, a 35-year-old insulin-dependent diabetic, is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia. He has been febrile since admission. His daily insulin requirement is 24 units of NPH. Every morning Albert is given NPH insulin at 0730. Meals are served at 0830, 1230, and 1830. The nurse expects that the NPH insulin will reach its maximum effect (peak) between the hours of: A. 1130 and 1330 B. 1330 and 1930 C. 1530 and 2130 D. 1730 and 2330

B. 1330 and 1930 Intermediate-acting insulin onset 1-3 hours peaks 4-12 effective for about 12-16

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) test measures the average blood glucose control of an individual over the previous three months. Which of the following values is considered a diagnosis of pre-diabetes? A. 6.5-7% B. 5.7-6.4% C. 5-5.6% D. >5.6%

B. 5.7-6.4% less than 5.6% are normal

A client is taking NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse instructs the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur is: A. 2-4 hours after administration B. 6-14 hours after administration C. 16-18 hours after administration D. 18-24 hours after administration

B. 6-14 hours after administration Intermediate-acting insulin

A male nurse is providing a bedtime snack for his patient. This is based on the knowledge that intermediate-acting insulins are effective for an approximate duration of: A. 6-8 hours B. 10-14 hours C. 14-18 hours D. 24-28 hours

C. 14-18 hours

The nurse expects that a type 1 diabetic may receive how much of his or her morning dose of insulin preoperatively? A. 10-20% B. 25-40% C. 50-60% D. 85-90%

C. 50-60%