PATHO CH 49

saturation of urine with calcium salts.

A major complication of prolonged bed rest is an increased risk of kidney stones. The nurse knows that this is most likely related to:

"Exercise can help to keep down the salt levels that cause high blood pressure."

A nurse holds an exercise class for older adults and knows which statement by a class member requires clarification?

Increasing dietary consumption of vitamin D

In a client diagnosed with osteomalacia, what would be recommended to aid with improvement of the condition?

Calcium/vitamin D supplements to support bone mineral density.

A female athlete has been diagnosed with amenorrhea due to intense training for a spot on the Olympic swimming team. As a health care provider, which of the following should be implemented to prevent premature osteoporosis?

When there is a large separation between the knees greater than 15 degrees

A 2-year-old has bowing of the legs (genu varum). When should the health care professional should be concerned?

Osteoporosis

A 75-year-old female has been admitted to the hospital with a hip fracture. She states, "All I did was fall into my chair, not even very hard." Upon diagnostic testing, the client's bones shows loss of trabeculae from cancellous bone and thinning of the cortex. Which diagnosis is most likely?

Cerebral palsy

A child has been diagnosed with myopathic neuromuscular scoliosis. What other concurrent diagnosis may the child have?

Assess the child for pain and prepare for diagnostic studies.

A child presents to the emergency room with suspected trauma to the growth plate in the ankle during a soccer game. Which step is the best intervention?

Pain in front of the knee

A child with Osgood-Schlatter disease most often presents with which assessment finding?

Brisk walking three times per week on a flat surface

A client with confirmed low bone density asks the nurse if there is anything she can to decrease the risk of trauma. The best response would be:

"Tell me about your typical daily food intake."

A client with osteomalacia asks, "How can I be deficient in vitamin D?" Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

Serial manipulations and casting

An infant is born with a clubfoot. The nurse should anticipate which treatment measures will be instituted?

The client should understand that activities with higher metabolic equivalents have higher workloads.

How will the nurse teach the client to utilize metabolic equivalents when starting an exercise routine?

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine and hip

Osteoporosis is a disease caused by demineralization of bone. What is the clinical method of choice for diagnosing osteoporosis?

"Rheumatoid arthritis includes joint involvement that is usually symmetric and polyarticular."

The nurse has just finished teaching a client newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis about the disease. The nurse determines that teaching is effective when the client states:

Osteogenesis imperfecta

The nurse is caring for a child who presented to the emergency department with multiple fractures in various stages of healing all over the body. The nurse collaborates with the physician on care for a client with which potential condition?

Cough with blood-tinged sputum

The nurse is caring for several clents with symptoms of chronic fatigue. Which manifestation does not correlate with a diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)?

bone density testing on a scheduled basis.

The nurse is providing care for an adult client whose current medication regimen includes calcitonin and a bisphosphonate. The nurse should recognize the likely need for:

Uneven shoulders or iliac crest

The nurse suspects idiopathic scoliosis in a client based on which assessment finding?

Compression of the vertebral column

The older adult client tells the nurse that she believes she is getting shorter. The nurse explains to the client that height loss is caused by which occurance with aging?

"My schedule includes yoga and a weekly club meeting."

A nurse is evaluating the progress of a client with chronic fatigue syndrome. Which statement by the client indicates successful symptom management?

"Osteopenia is a condition that is only common in the elderly."

A nursing instructor is teaching students about metabolic bone diseases. She realizes a need for further instruction when one student states:

A nursing student who is studying about disorders of the skeletal system is heard making the following statement, "Many skeletal disorders of early infancy are caused by intrauterine positions and need to be surgically fixed." Is this statement true or false?

A nursing student who is studying about disorders of the skeletal system is heard making the following statement, "Many skeletal disorders of early infancy are caused by intrauterine positions and need to be surgically fixed." Is this statement true or false? THESE USUALLY RESOLVE AS THE CHILD GROWS

"How old is your daughter?"

A parent asks the nurse, "What is femoral anteversion? I was told my daughter has this." What is the best response by the nurse?

51-year-old woman admitted for exacerbation of her multiple sclerosis.

A physician is providing care for several clients on a hospital-based medical ward. Which client is most likely to experience chronic fatigue?

Formation of lower limb extremities.

A woman has recently determined that she is pregnant, and the health care provider believes that conception occurred around 5 weeks prior. The nurse expects that which event in growth and development is taking place?

Inability to concentrate; awakens after a few hours of sleep and cannot return to sleep

An older adult is being evaluated for chronic fatigue. Which assessment data by the nurse would support the diagnosis?

Joint contractures

Disuse of a muscle and muscle atrophy contribute to the weakening and wasting of muscle tissue. What else do they contribute to?

It will most likely self-correct as the child becomes proficient in walking.

The pediatric nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child with toeing-out (slew foot). Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?

Abnormalities present at birth

What is the definition of a congenital deformity?

The client's diastolic blood pressure increases.

Which assessment finding is a negative cardiac response to exercise?

Rotational deformity of the proximal tibia

Which assessment finding leads the nurse to suspect a child has Blount disease?

An adducted forefoot that gives the foot a kidney-shaped appearance

Which best describes metatarsus adductus?

Dyspnea during activity

Which cardiovascular response will the nurse assess in order to determine that a client has activity intolerance?

Anyone with an eating disorder.

Which clients should the nurse assess to determine if they have premature osteoporosis?

It serves a protective function for the body.

Which statement is true concerning acute fatigue?

"A genetic pattern for this disease has not been established."

Which statement will the nurse impart to the parent of a child with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?

Serial manipulations and casting of the affected extremity

Which teaching will the nurse provide for parents of a child who has clubfoot, or talipes?

Orthostatic intolerance

While getting up out of bed for the first time after surgery, a client reports feeling dizzy and faint. Which condition is the client most likely experiencing?