Patho Exam 2 ch 14 prep

A nurse is monitoring the temperature of a client with hypothermia during the rewarming process. Which location for the temperature probe will provide the most accurate results?

pulmonary artery

Place the four successive stages of fever in correct order.

1. prodromal 2. chill 3. flush 4. defervescence

Which symptom indicates the next stage of a fever after a prodrome?

A chill

An older adult client is experiencing pain and is concerned about how the pain will be managed. The nurse is aware that the first line of therapy for managing pain in older adults would be _______?

Acetaminophen

What has WHO created to assist clinicians in choosing appropriate analgesics?

An analgesic ladder for pain control

A client with a rising temperature is pale and has begun to shiver. The nurse reports that the client is in which phase of fever development?

Chill phase

A client with schizophrenia develops sudden onset of fever, muscle rigidity, altered level of consciousness, and tachycardia. What is the appropriate response by the nurse?

Hold the neuroleptic medication, administer bromocriptine, give dantrolene

Which statement explains how nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) control pain?

NSAIDs block the enzyme that synthesizes prostaglandins.

When assessing neurologic response times, the nurse expects the fastest rate of transmission to be from fibers that have which characteristics?

Large diameter, myelinated

A client with a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction is reporting intense, diffuse abdominal pain. Which physiologic phenomenon is most likely contributing to the client's pain?

Nociceptive afferents are conducting along the cranial and spinal nerve pathways of the ANS.

What will conduct injurious stimuli to alert the body to potential damage?

Nociceptors

What is primary hyperalgesia?

Pain sensitivity that occurs directly in damaged tissues

In which client with a transecting spinal cord injury should the nurse anticipate an impaired ability for temperature regulation?

Spinal cord injuries at T6 or above can impair temperature regulation because the hypothalamic thermoregulatory centers can no longer control skin blood flow and sweating.

A client who is being treated for chronic low back pain is using a TENS unit for relief of pain. The nurse knows that the use of this device is considered what type of pain relief?

Stimulus-induced analgesia

A nurse conducting a community education program on hyperthermia determines that the participants understand the information when they identify that the heat index is which of the following?

Temperature sensed when temperature and humidity are combined

The nurse learns that different types of headaches respond to different therapies. Which headache is most responsive to nonpharmacologic therapy?

Tension headache

A student is feeling inside her backpack to find her mobile phone. There are a number of other items in the backpack. Which component of somatosensory conduction is most likely to provide the detailed sensory information that will help her distinguish her phone from other items?

The primary dorsal root ganglion neuron, dorsal column neuron, and the thalamic neuron

A client comes to the clinic for evaluation of a sharp, intermittent, severe, stabbing facial pain that she describes as "like an electric shock." The pain occurs on only one side of her face. It seems to be triggered when she chews, brushes her teeth, or sometimes when she merely touches her face. Often it is accompanied by involuntary grimacing. What diagnosis is most likely?

Trigeminal neuralgia

A recovery room nurse monitoring a client for adverse effects of cold cardiplegia assesses for:

Ventricular dysrhythmia

A client diagnosed with moderate hypothermia would likely experience the instillation of warmed fluids into the gastrointestinal tract and extracorporeal blood warming. This type of rewarming is referred to as:

active core

Which option best describes an observable physiologic behavior exhibited by an individual attempting to conserve body heat?

adducting the extremeties

A nurse conducting a community education program on hypothermia includes which of the following as a risk factor?

alcohol

The nurse is performing an assessment for a client with diabetes who has peripheral neuropathy. When the nurse assesses pain response in the lower extremities, the client does not have any reaction. What would the nurse document this response as?

analgesia

Which intervention is an appropriate action by a nurse to take in attempting to decrease a client's temperature through conduction?

applying a cooling blanket

Nonshivering thermogenesis occurs in which of the following to help the newborn infant fight hypothermia?

brown fat

When testing nociceptive stimuli to elicit a withdrawal reflex in the body, what stimuli are commonly used?

pressure from a sharp object

A client has a mild headache and fatigue. He also states he has some aches and pains. Which stage of fever does the nurse determine the client is experiencing?

prodrome

A hospital client who is being treated for acute kidney injury has developed an oral temperature of 39.1°C (102.4°F) despite the absence of other signs and symptoms of infection. When attempting to determine the etiology of the client's fever, the nurse should?

review the client's medication record

The nurse is studying sensory systems. She understands that signal transduction of an impulse to the thalamus for processing is accomplished by ______ order neurons.

second

A client is experiencing a cluster headache. The client would most likely manifest:

severe pain behind the eye

A beta-adrenergic blocker has been prescribed for a client diagnosed with migraines. The most important info for the nurse to teach the client would be..

to take the medication daily as directed

Children feel pain just as much as adults. What's the major principle in pain management in the pediatric population?

treat on individual basis & match analgesic agent with cause and level of pain

A client who has developed a fever is now reporting a headache. The nurse would recognize this manifestation as a result from the:

vasodilation of the cerebral vessels

A client is admitted to the acute care facility with severe pain in the abdomen related to inflammatory bowel disease. What type of pain will the nurse be administering medication to relieve?

visceral pain

When giving pain medicine for acute pain, health care workers are reluctant to provide much-needed opioid pain medicine. What is the major concern of health care workers when providing opioid pain relief?

fear of addiction

A nurse is planning care for a client coming into the emergency department via ambulance on a hot summer day with the following symptoms: temperature of 105°F (40.5°C), absence of sweating, and loss of consciousness. The nurse anticipates that the client has which condition?

heatstroke

A client reports a sudden intense headache. Which factor would indicate the presence of a possible subarachnoid hemorrhage?

intractable pain

The nurse instructs the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to be sure to turn the client every 2 hours in order to avoid pressure on the skin and avoid a pressure ulcer. What type of stimuli is the nurse encouraging the UAP to avoid?

mechanical stimuli

A client has a fever that was induced by damage to the hypothalamus due to intercranial bleeding. The nurse plans care for which type of fever?

neurogenic

What pain theory proposes that pain receptors share pathways with other sensory modalities and that different activity patterns of the same neurons can be used to signal painful or nonpainful stimuli?

pattern