patho exam 2 chapter 33 MLQ

A nurse suspects a diagnosis of Goodpasture syndrome for which client?

A middle-aged male who works as a painter

The nurse is assessing a client who has a unilateral obstruction of the urinary tract. Which clinical finding by the nurse correlates to this diagnosis?

Increase in blood pressure

Unilateral obstruction of the urinary tract may result in renin secretion, thereby leading to which manifestation?

Increased blood pressure

Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suspect the client has developed nephrotic syndrome?

Proteinuria and generalized edema

What are appropriate interventions in the care of a client diagnosed with renal calculi? Select all that apply.

Straining the client's urine Addressing the client's pain Keeping track of intake and output

A client has been given the diagnosis of diffuse glomerulonephritis. The client asks the nurse what diffuse means. The nurse responds:

"All glomeruli and all parts of the glomeruli are involved."

A 34-year-old woman presents with an abrupt onset of shaking chills, moderate to high fever, and a constant ache in her lower back. She is also experiencing dysuria, urinary frequency, and a feeling of urgency. Her partner states that she has been very tired the last few days and that she looked like she may have the flu. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Acute pyelonephritis

The nurse suspects that a newborn infant who presents with bilateral flank masses, impaired lung development, and oliguria may be suffering from which disorder?

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)

A client who has had an intestinal bypass has developed a kidney stone. Which type of kidney stone does the nurse recognize that this client will most likely be treated for?

Calcium

Hospitalized neonates are at greatest risk of developing septicemia related to which procedure?

Catheter-associated bacteriuria

Which additional physical finding would you anticipate seeing in a child suspected of having a Wilms tumor?

Congenital anomalies, usually of the genitourinary system

What is the most common cause of a lower urinary tract infection?

Escherichia coli

Which procedure is a nonsurgical method of treatment for renal calculi (kidney stones)?

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL

Which condition/disorder would the nurse see as being likely to cause the most serious long-term problems?

Polycystic kidney disease

A 9-year-old child has been diagnosed with the nephrotic syndrome. Place the following stages in the development of this health problem in ascending order. Use all the options.

Hypoalbuminemia Increased glomerular membrane permeability Proteins escape from plasma to glomerular filtrate Decreased colloidal osmotic pressure Accumulation of fluid in interstitial tissue (edema).

Wilms tumor is a tumor of childhood. It is usually an encapsulated mass occurring in any part of the kidney. What are the common presenting signs of a Wilms tumor

Large asymptomatic abdominal mass and hypertension

If a client is in the early phases of nephrotic syndrome, which area of the body will likely have the initial presence of edema?

Lower extremities

The initiating event in the development of nephrotic syndrome is a derangement in the glomerular membrane that causes increased permeability to which substance?

Plasma proteins

A client diagnosed with Goodpasture syndrome would require which therapy to remove proteins and autoantibodies from the system?

Plasmapheresis

The nurse is performing a history and physical on a client with diabetic nephropathy. Findings include BP 124/80; smokes two packs of cigarettes/day; diet high in saturated fats and sodium. Which intervention can help prevent the progression of the diabetic nephropathy?

Smoking cessation program

The nurse recognizes the most common cause of acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis as:

a streptococcal infection 7 to 12 days prior to onset.

A child has been brought to an urgent care clinic. The parents state that the child is "not making water." When taking a history, the nurse learns the child had a sore throat about 1 week ago but seems to have gotten over it. "We [parents] only had to give antibiotics for 3 days for the throat to be better." The nurse should suspect the child has developed:

acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis.

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client. Which laboratory findings would the nurse correlate with nephrotic syndrome?

elevated urine protein level (>3.5 g/day) and hypoalbuminemia

The nurse is planning care for a client with a urinary tract obstruction. The nurse includes assessment for which possible complication?

increase blood pressure

The nurse is evaluating the urinalysis results of a client presenting with polyuria and lower abdominal pain due to a suspected urinary tract infection. Which finding should the nurse expect?

increased nitrites

A major complication of prolonged bed rest is an increased risk of kidney stones. The nurse knows that this is most likely related to:

saturation of urine with calcium salts.

The nurse assesses a client in an ambulatory care facility. Which manifestation(s) leads the nurse to advocate for investigation of possible acute pyelonephritis? Select all that apply.

urinary urgency and frequency abrupt onset of fever and chills flank pain in the back