PATHO Module 9 (chapters 37,38,39)
Which of the following statements by a patient would be most indicative of a patient suffering with obsessive-compulsive disorder?
"I like to check that the oven is off before I leave my home. I feel best when I check 10 times before leaving" OCD manifests with repeating behaviors or tasks.
A patient was given a prescription for a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The patient has been taking the medication for three days and has called the clinic to state that it is not working. What is an appropriate response?
"It can take 3 to 6 weeks for a therapeutic dose of this medication to be reached" SSRO medications can take serveral weeks to reach therapeutic dosage.
A patient has suffered a fracture of the distal radius. Please place the following steps for fracture repair in the correct order for bone fracture healing.
A fracture begins with 1.Inflammatory phase 2.Granular tissue formation 3.callus formation 4.lamellar bone deposistion 5.bone remodeling
A patient suffered a fracture of the distal humerus. She also has an autoimmune condition. Which of the following medications being used by the patient may be of concern relative to the healing of her arm?
Corticosteriods, can slow bone healing, and are sometimes used to suppress inflammation in autoimmune conditions.
A clinician wants to review specific diagnostic criteria for behavioral disorders. Which reference material should she consult?
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
A woman brings her friend to the emergency department. She worries her friend has overdosed on opioids. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate opioid overdose?
Dimidhed respirations, Opiod overdue tends to alter respiration pattern, leading to shallow breaths.
A nurse reads on a patient's chart the presence of degenerative disc disease. Where in the spinal column does the nurse know this is most likely to happen?
Gradual spinal degeneration : spinal stenosis tends to develop gradually as the integrity of the spine slowly degenerates
A patient's chart lists in the history section that the patient has experienced a meniscal tear. Which area of the body has been injured?
Knee, menisci are cartilage pads in the knee
An elderly woman with severe osteoporosis has suffered thoracic vertebrae compression fractures. Which of the following is she most likely to develop?
Kyphosis causes a "hunchback" appearnce, this can develop with vertebral compression fractures in the thoracic area.
A patient has been diagnosed with spinal stenosis. Which of the following describes the typical development of this condition?
Lumbosacral is the region most common location for degenerative disc disease
A patient is diagnosed with osteopenia. Which of the following shows correct understanding of this diagnosis?
Osteopenia is diagnosed when bone mineral density (BMD) T score of -1 to -2.5. The T score for ostepenia is 1 to -2.5
On an x-ray, a clinician notes osteophyte formation around the knee joint. Which of the following is the correct interpretation?
Osteophyte formation occurs in osteoarthritis, this formation is indicative of osteoarthritis
A patient suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder is most likely to seek help for which of the following events?
Panic attacks may anifest with PTSD
A nurse is caring for a patient with rickets. Which of the following will be expected? Select all that apply.
Patient between age 4-12 months of age, rickets appears in childhood. patient suffereing from malnutrition, rickets develops due to low vitamin D levels which may indicate malnutriton, Rickets develpps due to lack of sunlight exposure which is activated by ultraviolet (U/V) radiation. Lack of vitamin D may delay in fontanelle closure.
A patient appears with a primary complaint of pain in the sole of his right foot. He states that it is the worst in the morning upon rising but gets a little better during the day. Which of the following is the likely diagnosis?
Plantar fascilitis presents with pain in the sole of the foot and is, more commonly, worse in the morning.
A patient has developed bursitis in her elbow from playing tennis. Which of the following applies to this condition?
Repetitive overuse injury, Bursitis most commonly develops from overuse like in tennis playing
In order for a patient to avoid "discontinuation syndrome" with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) mediation, which of the following should be followed?
Taper(reduce) the medication dosage slowly, Discontinuation syndrome can be prevented by tapering the medication.
A patient self-reports that she takes 1200 mg of calcium per day. What interpretation by the clinician is correct?
The calcium intake is the recommened amount, calcium intake is recommened between 1,000 to 1,200 mg per day
A patient with a history of degenerative disc disease in the lumbar area has developed bowel and bladder dysfunction. Which of the following is the correct assessment?
The patient requires immediate treatment for this medical emergency : the patient has likely developed cauda equina syndromw, which is a medical emergency and immediate treatment is necessary
A patient complains that the "little" and "ring" fingers on the right hand (4th and 5th fingers) fall asleep and tingle. Which of the following may likely be leading to this development?
Ulnar nerve injuries present with tingaling of the 4th and 5th fingers.
A nurse working in a middle school sees on a child's information a prescription for Adderall (detroamphetamine). Which of the following does the nurse suspect?
adderall is a common prescription for Attention-deficit/hyperactivity,
A nurse knows that an osteoporotic fracture is more likely in bones with a high percentage of trabecular bone. Which of the following bones would be at greatest risk for such fractures? Select all that apply.
upper femur(hip), vertebrae, wrist, are all common sites for osteoporosis