Pathophysiology - Practice Exam Reproductive
The nurse is discussing the menstrual cycle with a female client. The client asks, "Why do my hands get puffy and I gain weight right before my periods?" Which statement is an appropriate response by the nurse? -"The level of estrogen increases in your body before your period, and this causes fluid retention." -"Your kidneys do not function well prior to menstruation." -"This is not a serious condition that should concern you." -"It must be your diet that causes fluid retention."
"The level of estrogen increases in your body before your period, and this causes fluid retention."
Which female client is at risk for amenorrhea? 18-year-old with anorexia nervosa 25-year-old with peptic ulcer disease 32-year-old with hypertension 45-year-old with myocardial infarction
18-year-old with anorexia nervosa
Parents bring their 3-year-old son to urgent care due to swelling at the head of the penis and purulent discharge under the foreskin. The nurse notes phimosis. What actions does the nurse take? Select all that apply. -Retract the foreskin to examine and clean the area. -Reassure parents that this is a self-limiting condition. -Advise the parents to monitor the child's urinary output. -Prepare the client for urgent circumcision surgery. -Request analgesia and prepare to collect cultures.
Advise the parents to monitor the child's urinary output. Request analgesia and prepare to collect cultures.
The nurse is discussing hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) with a postmenopausal woman. The nurse points out that concerns relating to their use include increased risk for which disease processes? Select all that apply. Atherosclerosis Breast cancer Osteoporosis Metabolic syndrome Diabetes mellitus
Atherosclerosis Breast cancer
A 73-year-old male patient admitted for total knee replacement states during the health history interview that he has no problems with urinary elimination except that the "stream is-less than it used to be." The nurse should give the patient anticipatory guidance that what condition may be developing? a.Testicular torsion b.Benign prostatic hyperplasia c. Epididymitis d.None of these
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
The mother requests that a circumcision be performed on a newborn with hypospadias. Which information related to treatment of hypospadias should the nurse convey? -The child should not leave the hospital until undescended testes are ruled out. -Circumcision is avoided as the foreskin will be used to repair the urinary opening. -Genetic screening must be done prior to discharge. -Circumcision may be performed during discharge and the repair of hypospadias delayed until adolescence.
Circumcision is avoided as the foreskin will be used to repair the urinary opening.
Which metabolic effects are caused by the action of estrogen? Select all that apply. -Decreased bone resorption -Increased production of thyroid globulins -Increased low-density lipoproteins (LDL) -Decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL)
Decreased bone resorption Increased production of thyroid globulins
During menopause, the nurse should anticipate which hormones will be elevated? Select all that apply. Estrogen FSH LH Androstenedione
FSH LH Androstenedione
A male reports urethral pain and a creamy yellow, bloody discharge from the penis. The provider suspects the client has which sexually transmitted infection? Candidiasis Gonorrhea Chancroid Trichomoniasis
Gonorrhea
Trichomoniasis, being a STI, can cause a number of complications. It is a risk factor for which complication in both the male and female population? Atypical pelvic inflammatory disease HIV transmission Blockage of tubes and ducts Ovarian and testicular cysts
HIV transmission
A school nurse is providing an informational session about the prevention of cervical cancer in young girls and women. The most important information for the nurse to present would be: -HPV vaccine before becoming sexually active -Use of latex condom with each and every sexual encounter -Abstinence of sexual activity until in a monogamous relationship -Use of low-dose estrogen oral contraceptive pills or patches
HPV vaccine before becoming sexually active
A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he was playing soccer and was kicked in the scrotal area on the right side. The nurse observes that the scrotal skin on the right side is dark red. What should the nurse suspect this client may have? Spermatocele Varicocele Hematocele Hydrocele
Hematocele
When educating a group of teenagers about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the school nurse also mentions that cervical cancer has been associated with which viral infection? Chlamydia trachomatis Herpes simplex Human papillomavirus Varicella zoster
Human papillomavirus
A female client is being seen in the ED with complaints of lower abdominal pain, dyspareunia, back pain, purulent cervical discharge, and the presence of adnexal tenderness and painful cervix on bimanual pelvic examination. The nurse suspects the client has pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and will assess the client for: Dietary habits Number of sexual partners Use of oral contraceptives Toileting habits
Number of sexual partners
Which of these complications does the nurse recognize may occur after illness with parotitis (mumps) in young men? Orchitis with residual sterility Feminization Glomerulonephritis Cancer of the seminiferous tubules
Orchitis with residual sterility
The nurse is educating a female patient about contraceptives. What should the nurse consider in her teaching? Select all that apply. a.Religious beliefs b.Age c.Weight d.Obstetric history e.Body structure
Religious beliefs, Age, Obstetric history
After being diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis, the client is at risk for developing which potential complications? Select all that apply. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Preterm labor Postpartum endometritis Premature rupture of membranes Postpartum depression
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Preterm labor Postpartum endometritis Premature rupture of membranes
The nurse is conducting a reproductive assessment of a postmenopausal woman. Which assessment finding reported by the client requires immediate intervention by the nurse? a. Urinary incontinence b. Vaginal dryness c. Painful intercourse d. Returning periods
Returning periods
A client presents with a rash on the palms of his hands, mucous membranes, and stomach. He is reporting a sore throat and nausea. Which conditions is the nurse concerned about? Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis Bacterial vaginitis
Syphilis
What is the most important discharge instruction for a female client with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)? Take all of the antibiotic Drink plenty of fluids Get adequate rest Eat a balanced diet
Take all of the antibiotic
The nurse is instructing a group of young adult male clients about the importance of monthly testicular self-examination. What information does the nurse include? Select all that apply. -Testicular cancer can metastasize early in development. -Testicular cancer is highly responsive to treatment. -Other signs of testicular cancer are vague in presentation. -Early detection can prevent the need for orchiectomy. -Delaying diagnosis results in developing prostate cancer.
Testicular cancer can metastasize early in development. Testicular cancer is highly responsive to treatment. Other signs of testicular cancer are vague in presentation.
The pediatric nurse is teaching the mother of a newborn with hypospadias about this disorder. Which of these does the nurse convey? -The opening of the urethra is found on the underside of the penis. -The foreskin of the penis is unable to be fully retracted. -Undescended testes are frequently associated with hypospadias. -Medication will be given to correct this problem.
The opening of the urethra is found on the underside of the penis.
A client has been diagnosed with candidiasis. Which symptom was present to diagnose this condition? Thick white secretions Pustules Severely painful lesions Urinary retention
Thick white secretions
A client is admitted with the diagnosis of testicular cancer. Which of the following factors in-the client's history would be associated with the disease? a.Hematocele b. Epididymitis c.Undescended testes d.Seminal vesiculitis
Undescended testes
The nurse is teaching high school girls about the female reproductive tract. Which statements by the nurse are accurate? (Select all that apply.) a. The vagina has an acidic environment. b. The cervix is where the Pap smear is taken from. c. The ovum is fertilized in the uterus. d. Ovaries produce sex steroid hormones. e. The breasts contain fat tissue.
a,b,d,e The vagina has an acidic environment., The cervix is where the Pap smear is taken from., Ovaries produce sex steroid hormones., The breasts contain fat tissue.
During rounds at an infertility clinic, the provider suspects a new client has anovulation caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) based on which finding(s)? Select all that apply. -able to palpate many "lumps" in uterus during examination -testosterone levels are elevated -noticeable acne and male-pattern hair growth -cannot remember the date of last menstrual period -states she has a lack of sex drive and painful intercourse
able to palpate many "lumps" in uterus during examination testosterone levels are elevated noticeable acne and male-pattern hair growth cannot remember date of last menstrual period
A client who has a history of untreated cervicitis tells the nurse that she is concerned about the risk of experiencing problems with fertility. The nurse explains that problems may result from: ascending infection of the fallopian tubes. acute urinary tract infection. severe abdominal peritonitis. development of low back pain.
ascending infection of the fallopian tubes.
A client arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe pain in the left testicular area with nausea and vomiting for 2 hours. The left testicle is large and tender to palpation and radiating to the inguinal area. Which of the following reflexes can the nurse assess the absence of in order to indicate testicular torsion? Fluid wave Superficial neurologic reflex Abdominal reflex Cremasteric reflex
Cremasteric reflex
The community health nurse is providing men's health education on prostate cancer. Which risk factors for prostate cancer should the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply. -High fat diet from processed meat -Consuming high fat dairy items -High intake of green tea -Native American/First Nations descent -Father-in-law treated for prostate cancer
High fat diet from processed meat Consuming high fat dairy items
While teaching a health class to junior and senior male high school students, the school nurse educates them that the first sign of testicular cancer is: -one testicle lower than the other in the scrotal sac. -enlargement of the testicle. -back pain. -coughing bloody sputum.
enlargement of the testicle.