PBHL Chapter 4
Apnea is a pause in breathing that lasts at least 3 seconds. True False
False
André has a job in international affairs that requires him to travel frequently across multiple time zones. André is at increased risk for circadian rhythm disorder. night terrors. narcolepsy. sleepwalking.
circadian rhythm disorder.
When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to increased brain activity during sleep. cognitive ability being restored during sleep. conservation of body energy during sleep. increased body temperature and caloric expenditure during sleep.
conservation of body energy during sleep.
Actions you take to wash your sheets, clear clutter from your bedroom, and otherwise clean your sleeping area are collectively known as sleep hygiene. True False
false
REM restores the body
false
Restless leg syndrome is an extremely rare disorder, affecting less than 0.5 percent of the U.S. population. True False
false
Short-duration sleep lowers a person's risk for cardiovascular disease. True False
false
The only reliable treatment for insomnia is prescription sleeping pills. True False
false
jet lag occurs because travelers take frequent naps while flying. True False
false
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in reduced snoring. frequent night waking. restful sleep. deep breathing.
frequent night waking.
some researchers believe that chronic sleep deficiencies can regulate blood glucose levels. increase the risk for type 2 diabetes. increase testicular size. increase sperm motility.
increase the risk for type 2 diabetes.
Chronic short sleep: increases fertility. increases risk for stroke. decreases tobacco use. decreases blood pressure.
increases risk for stroke.
Maria has difficulty falling asleep quickly, and many morning she wakes feeling unrefreshed. Maria most likely has insomnia. sleep apnea. restless legs syndrome. hypersomnolence.
insomnia
Which of the following factors influences a person's sleep needs? alcohol intake time zone gender caffeine intake
gender
A sleep-deprived driver is as impaired as an intoxicated driver. True False
true
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia can help people having trouble falling asleep. True False
true
Getting enough sleep may reduce a person's susceptibility to colds. True False
true
Having to get up frequently during the night to urinate is known as nocturia. True False
true
In the United States, about 20 percent of the population suffers from excessive daytime sleepiness. True False
true
Jane stayed up all night taking care of her sick child. She will need to sleep more than average the next few nights to make up for the hours of lost sleep. True False
true
Sleep deficiencies have been linked to seven of the fifteen leading causes of death in the United States. True False
true
Sleep helps the body to conserve energy. True False
true
The hormone released by the pineal gland that causes drowsiness is growth hormone. melatonin. insulin. melanin.
melatonin
Which of the following actions helps maintain a sleep-promoting environment? Comfort: Keep your cell phone, TV, laptop, and/or other devices by your bed so that you know you can reach them easily should you need them. Warmth: Set the thermostat in your bedroom to 68-70 degrees Fahrenheit. Light: Keep the bedroom brightly lit until you are ready to go to sleep. Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter.
Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter.
Apnea is a pause in breathing that lasts at least 3 seconds. True False
false
Most adults need only 5 to 6 hours of sleep per night, provided it is high-quality sleep. True False
false
Naps are most effective for improving alertness if they are longer than 30 minutes. True False
false
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in deep breathing. reduced snoring. frequent night waking. restful sleep.
frequent night waking.
According to research, immune function is increased in adolescents who get more than 9 hours of sleep a night. get 8 hours of sleep a night. get 9 hours of sleep a night. get 7 hours of sleep a night.
get more than 9 hours of sleep a night.
Howard is 88 years old and in excellent health. All his life, he has thrived on just 5 hours of sleep a night. The most likely explanation for Howard's good health despite his lifelong short sleep habit is that he drinks four or more caffeinated beverages per day. has a unipolar mood disorder that decreases his sleep needs. has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm. is inaccurate in recalling how much sleep he gets.
has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm.
Bedwetting, snoring, sleepwalking, and sleep-related eating disorder are all examples of parasomnias. disorders of sleep hygiene. REM sleep disorders. major somnipathies.
parasomnias.
Gene occasionally has difficulty falling asleep but has never been diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Which strategy can he use to help him fall asleep faster? drinking a lot of fluids in the evening to stay hydrated practicing deep breathing or meditation before bedtime working on the computer later in the evening to keep his mind occupied eating his largest meal within two hours of bedtime so he won't be hungry
practicing deep breathing or meditation before bedtime
The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is sleepwalking. central sleep apnea. restless legs syndrome. narcolepsy.
restless legs syndrome.
During REM sleep body temperature drops. muscles contract and relax. the brain processes and consolidates information. the body moves around a lot.
the brain processes and consolidates information.
Insomnia is often characterized by temporary lapses in breathing while asleep. nightmares. chronic joint pain upon lying down. waking up frequently during the night.
waking up frequently during the night.
Some scientists believe that REM sleep enhances memorization and learning. True False
T