PCAP 31-03

What would you use instead of XXX if you want to check whether a certain "~key' exists in a dictionary called dict? (select two answers) if XXX: print ("Key Exists") a. "~key' in dict b. dict["~key'] != None c. dict.exists ("~key') d. "~key' in dict.keys()

a. "~key' in dict d. "~key' in dict.keys()

What would you use instead of XXX if you want to check whether a certain "~key' exists in a dictionary called dict? (select two answers) if XXX: print("Key exists") a. "~key' in dict b. dict["~key'] != None c. dict.exists("~key') d. "~key' in dict.keys()

a. "~key' in dict d. "~key' in dict.keys()

What is the expected outcome of the following snippet? s = '* - *' s = 2* s + s* 2 print(s) a. *-**-**-**-* b. *-**-**-**-**-**-**-**-* c. *-* d. *-**-*

a. *-**-**-**-*

Which of the following literals reflect the value given as 34.23? (select two answers) a. .3423e2 b. 3423e-2 c. .3423e-2 d. 3423e2

a. .3423e2 b. 3423e-2 (e2 makes the decimal point move to the right, e-2 makes the decimal point move to the left)

What will be the value of the variable when the while e loop finishes its execution? i = 0 while i != 0: - i = i-0 else: - i = i+1 a. 1 b. 0 c. 2 d. the variable becomes unavailable

a. 1

Which of the following expressions evaluate to True? a. 121 + 1 != '!' + 2* '2' b. 'AbC' lower() < 'AB' c. '1' + '1' + '1' < '1' * 3' d. '3.14' != str(3.1415)

a. 121 + 1 != '!' + 2* '2' d. '3.14' != str(3.1415)

what is the expected outcome of the following code? def f (n): if n == 1: return 1 return str(n) + f(n-1) print(f(2)) a. 21 b. 2 c. 3 d. 12

a. 21

What is the expected output of the following snippet? class Upper: def method(self): return 'upper' class Lower(Upper): def method(self): return 'lower' Object = Upper() print(isinstance(Object, Lower), end=' ') print(Object.method()) a. False upper b. False lower c. True upper d. True lower

a. False upper

Which line can be used instead of the comment to cause the snippet to produce the following expected output? (select two answers) 123 code: c, b, a = 1, 3, 2 # put line here print(a, b, c) a. c, b, a = b, a, c b. c, b, a = a, c, b c. a, b, c = c, a, b d. a, b, c = a, b, c

a. c, b, a = b, a, c c. a, b, c = c, a, b

What is the expected behavior of the following snippet? def a(1, I): return 1 [I] print(a(0,[1)) it will: a. cause a runtime error b. print 1 c. print 0, [1] d. print[1]

a. cause a runtime error

Which of the equations are True? (select two answers) a. chr(ord(x)) == x b. ord(ord(x)) == x c. chr(chr(x)) == x d. ord(chr(x)) == x

a. chr(ord(x)) == x d. ord(chr(x)) == x

You are going to read 16 bytes from a binary file into a bytearray called data. Which lines would you use? (select two answers) a. data = bytearray(16)bf.readinto(data) b. data = binfile.read(bytearray(16)) c. bf.readinto(data = bytearray(16)) d. data = bytearray(binfile.read(16))

a. data = bytearray(16)bf.readinto(data) d. data = bytearray(binfile.read(16))

You need data which can act as a simple telephone directory. You can obtain it with the following clauses (select two relevant variants, assume that no other items have been creates before) a. dir = {"~Mom': 5551234567, "~Dad': 5557654321} b. dir = {"~Mom': "~5551234567', "~Dad': "~5557654321'} c. dir = {Mom: 5551234567, Dad: 5557654321} d. dir = {Mom: "~5551234567', Dad: "~5557654321'}

a. dir = {"~Mom': 5551234567, "~Dad': 5557654321} b. dir = {"~Mom': "~5551234567', "~Dad': "~5557654321'}

The first parameter of each method: a. holds a reference to the currently processed object b. is always set to None c. is set to a unique random value d. is set by the first argument's value

a. holds a reference to the currently processed object

What can you deduce from the line below? (select two answers) x = a.b.c.f() a. import a.b.c should be placed before that line b. f() is located in subpackage c of subpackage b of subpackage a c. the line is incorrect d. the function being invoked is called a.b.c.f()

a. import a.b.c should be placed before that line b. f() is located in subpackage c of subpackage b of subpackage a (a = package b = subpackage c = module f() = function)

Assuming the following snippet has been successfully executed, which of the equations are True? (select two answers) a = [1] b = a a[0] = 0 a. len(a) == len(b) b. b[0] + 1 == a[0] c. a[0] == b[0] d. a[0] + 1 == b[0]

a. len(a) == len(b) c. a[0] == b[0]

Assuming that the math module has been imported, which of the following expressions evaluates to True? a. math.hypot (3,4) == math.sqrt (25) b. math.hypot (2,5) == math.trunc (2.5) c. math.hypot (2,5) == math.true (2.5) d. math.cell (2,5) == math.floor (2.5)

a. math.hypot (3,4) == math.sqrt (25)

What is the expected behavior of the following code? string = str(1/3) dummy = '' for character in string: dummy = dummy + character print(dummy[-1]) a. outputs 3 b. outputs 'None' c. raises an exception d. outputs 0

a. outputs 3

If you need a function that does nothing, what would you use instead of XXX? (Select two answers) def idler(): XXX a. pass b. return c. exit d. None

a. pass d. None

If you want to transform a string into a list of words, what invocation would you use? (select two answers) Expected output: The, Catcher, in, the Rye, Code: s = "The Catcher in the Rye" 1 = # put a proper invocation here for w in 1: print(w, end=',') #outputs: The, Catcher, in, the Rye, a. s.split() b. split(s,"~"~) c. s.split("~"~) d. split(s)

a. s.split() c. s.split("~"~)

There is a stream named s open for writing. What option would you select to write a line to the stream? a. s.write ("Hello\n") b. write (s, "Hello") c. s.writeIn ("Hello") d. s.writeline ("Hello")

a. s.write ("Hello\n")

If any of a class's components has a name that starts with two underscores (__) then: a. the class components name will be mangled b. the class component has to be an instance variable c. the class component has to be a class variable d. the class component has to be a method

a. the class components name will be mangled

How many stars does this snippet print? s = '*****' s = s - s [2] print(s) a. the code is erroneous b. five c. four d. two

a. the code is erroneous (TypeError)

What is the expected output of the following snippet? i = 5 while i>0: i = i // 2 if i % 2 = 0: break else: i += 1 print(i) a. the code is erronous b. 3 c. 7 d. 15

a. the code is erronous (line 4 is improperly indented and should read (if i % 2 ==0:)

A file name like this one below says that (select three answers): services, cpython 36.pyc a. the interpreter used to generate the file is version 3.6 b. it has been produced by CPython c. it is the 36 version of the file d. the file comes from the services.py source file

a. the interpreter used to generate the file is version 3.6 b. it has been produced by CPython d. the file comes from the services.py source file

Which of the listed actions can be applied to the following tuple? (select two answers) a. tup[:] b. tup.append(0) c. tup[0] d. del tup

a. tup[:] d. del tup

How many elements will the list1 list contain after execution of the following snippet? List1 = "don't think twice, do it!" .split(',') a. two b. zero c. one d. three

a. two

Can a module run like regular code? a. yes, and it can differentiate its behavior between the regular launch and import b. it depends on the Python version c. yes, but it cannot differentiate its behavior between the regular launch and import d. no, it is not possible; a module cant be imported, not run

a. yes, and it can differentiate its behavior between the regular launch and import

Which of the following snippets will execute without raising any unhandled exceptions? a. try: print(int("0")) except NameError: print("0") else: print(int("")) b. try: print(0/0) except: print(0/1) else: print(0/2) c. import math try: print(math.sqrt(-1)) except: print(math.sqrt(0)) else: print(math.sqrt(1)) d. try: print(float("1a1")) except (NameError, SystemError): print(float("1a1")) else: print(float("1c1"))

b. try: print(0/0) except: print(0/1) else: print(0/2) c. import math try: print(math.sqrt(-1)) except: print(math.sqrt(0)) else: print(math.sqrt(1))

What is the expected output of the following code of the file named zero_length_existing_file is a zero-length file located in the working directory? try: f = open('zero_length_existing_file.txt', 'rt') d = f.readline() print(len(d)) f.close() except IOError: print(-1) a. an errno value corresponding to file not found b. 0 c. 1 d. 2

b. 0

What is the expected output of the following code? myli = range(-2, 2) m = list(filter(lambda x: True if abs(x) < 1 else False, myli)) print(len(m)) a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. an exception is raised

b. 1

Assuming that string is 6 or more letters long, the following slice string[1:-2] is shorter than the original string by: a. 4 chars b. 3 chars c. 1 char d. 2 chars

b. 3 chars

Which of the following statements are true? (select two answers) a. Python strings are actually lists b. Python strings can be concatenated c. Python strings can be sliced like lists d. Python strings are mutable

b. Python strings can be concatenated c. Python strings can be sliced like lists

A property that stores information about a given class's super-class is named: a. __upper__ b. __bases__ c. __ancestors__ d. __super__

b. __bases__ (the __bases__ property of the class contains a list of all the base classes that the given class inherits.)

What is true about Python packages? (select two answers) a. the sys.path variable is a list of strings b. __pycache__ is a folder that stores semi-completed Python modules c. a package contents can be stored and distributed as an MP3 file d. a code designed to initialize a package's state should be placed inside a file named init.py

b. __pycache__ is a folder that stores semi-completed Python modules d. a code designed to initialize a package's state should be placed inside a file named init.py

What can you deduce from the following statement? (Select two answers) str = open ('file.txt', 'rt') a. str is a string read in from the file named file.txt b. a newline character translation will be performed during the reads c. if file.txt does not exist, it will be created d. the opened file cannot be written with the use of the str variable

b. a newline character translation will be performed during the reads d. the opened file cannot be written with the use of the str variable

What is true about Python packages? (select two answers) a. the __name__ variable content determines the way in which the module was run b. a package can be stored as a tree of sub-directories / sub-folders c. __pycache__ is the name of a built in variable d. hashbang is the name of a built in python function

b. a package can be stored as a tree of sub-directories / sub-folders d. hashbang is the name of a built in python function

UNICODE is: a. the name of an operating system b. a standard for encoding and handling texts c. the name of a programming language d. the name of a text processor

b. a standard for encoding and handling texts

What is the output of the following code? a = 'ant' b = "bat" c = 'camel' print(a, b, c, sep='"') a. ant'bat'camel b. ant"bat"camel c. antbatcamel d. print(a, b, c, sep="~"')

b. ant"bat"camel

What is the expected behavior of the following code? def unclear (x): if x % 2 == 1: return 0 print)unclear (1) + unclear (2)) a. print 0 b. cause a runtime exception c. prints 3 d. print an empty line

b. cause a runtime exception

A compiler is a program designed to (select 2 answers) a. rearrange the source code to make it clearer b. check the source code in order to see if its correct c. execute the source code d. translate the source code into machine code

b. check the source code in order to see if its correct d. translate the source code into machine code

The simplest possible class definition in Python can be expressed as: a. class X: b. class X: pass c. class X: return d. class X: {}

b. class X: pass

If you need to serve two different exceptions called Ex1 and Ex2 in one except branch, you can write: a. except Ex1 Ex2: b. except (Ex1, Ex2): c. except Ex1, Ex2: d. except Ex1 + Ex2:

b. except (Ex1, Ex2):

A Python module named pymod.py contains a variable named pyvar. which of the followng snippets will let you access the variable? (Choose two answers) a. import pyvar from pymod pyvar = 1 b. from pymod import pyvar = 1 c. from pymod import pyvar pyvar() d. import pymod pymod.pyvar = 1

b. from pymod import pyvar = 1 d. import pymod pymod.pyvar = 1

With regards to the directory structure below, select the proper forms of the directives in order to import module_a. (select two answers) a. import module_a b. from pypack import module_a c. import module_a from pypack d. import pypack.module_a

b. from pypack import module_a d. import pypack.module_a

Select the valid fun() invocations (select two answers): def fun(a, b=0): return a*b a. fun(b=1) b. fun(a=0) c. fun(b=1, 0) d. fun(1)

b. fun(a=0) d. fun(1)

Select the valid fun() invocations: (select two answers) def fun(a,b=0): return a*b a. fun(b=1) b. fun(a=0) c. fun(b=1,0) d. fun(1)

b. fun(a=0) d. fun(1)

A keyword: (select two answers) a. can be used as an identifier b. is defined by Python's lexis c. is also known as a reserved word d. cannot be used in the user's code

b. is defined by Python's lexis c. is also known as a reserved word

Which of the following lambda definitions are correct? (select two answers) a. lanbda x, y: return x\\y - x%y b. lambda x, y: x\\y - x%y c. lambda (x,y = x\\y x%y d. lambda x, y: (x, y)

b. lambda x, y: x\\y - x%y d. lambda x, y: (x, y)

Assuming that the code below has been placed inside a file named code.py and executed successfully, which of the following expressions evaluate to true? (select two answers) a. str(Object) == 'Object' b. len(ClassB.__bases__) == 1 c. __name == __main d. ClassA.__module == 'ClassA

b. len(ClassB.__bases__) == 1 (True) (a evaluates to False) (c gives error) (d evaluates to False)

How many lines does the following snippet output? for i in range(1, 3): print("*", end="") else: print("*") a. three b. one c. two d. four

b. one

Which of the following statements are true? (Select two answers) a. open() requires a second argument b. open() is a function which returns an object that represents a physical file c. instd, outstd, errstd are the names of pre-opened streams d. if invoking open() fails, an exception is raised

b. open() is a function which returns an object that represents a physical file d. if invoking open() fails, an exception is raised

Package source directories/folders can be: a. converted into pypck format b. packed as a ZIP file and distributed as one file c. rebuilt to a flat form and distributed as one directory / folder d. removed as Python compiles them into an internal portable format

b. packed as a ZIP file and distributed as one file

Which of the platform module functions should be used to determine the underlying platform name? a. platform.uname() b. platform.platform() c. platform.python_version() d. platform.processor()

b. platform.platform()

What is the expected behavior of the following code? def f (n): for i in range(1, n+1): yield i for i in f(2): print(i, end=' ') a. print 21 b. print 12 c. cause a runtime exception

b. print 12

The following class definition is given. We want the show () method to invoke the get() method, and then output the value the get() method returns. Which of the invocations should be used instead of XXX? class class: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val def get(self): return self.val def show(self): XXX a. print(get(self)) b. print(self.get()) c. print(get()) d. print(self.get(val))

b. print(self.get())

What is the expected behavior of the following code? def f (n): for i in range(1, n+1): yield I print(f(2)) it will: a. print 4321 b. print<generator object f at (some hex digits)> c. cause a runtime exception d. print 1234

b. print<generator object f at (some hex digits)>

What is the expected output of the following snippet? s = 'abc' for i in len(s): s[i] = s[i].upper() print(s) a. abc b. the code will cause a runtime exception c. ABC d. 123

b. the code will cause a runtime exception

What is the expected output of the following code? str = 'abcdef' def fun(s): del s [2] return s print(fun(str)) a. abcef b. the program will cause a runtime error/exception c. acdef d. abdef

b. the program will cause a runtime error/exception (strings are immutable)

What is true about object oriented programming in Python? (select two answers) a. if a real-life object can be described with a set of adjectives, they may reflect a Python object method b. the same class can be used many times to build a number of objects c. each object of the same class can have a different set of methods d. a subclass is usually more specialized than its superclass

b. the same class can be used many times to build a number of objects d. a subclass is usually more specialized than its superclass

If S is a stream open for reading, what do you expect from the following invocation? c = s.read() a. one line of the file will be read and stored in the string called c b. the whole file content will be read and stored in the string called c c. one character will be read and stored in the string called c d. one disk sector (512 bytes) will be read and stored in the string called c

b. the whole file content will be read and stored in the string called c

Assuming that string is 6 or more letters long, the following slice string [1:-2] is shorter than the original string by: a. four chars b. three chars c. one char d. two chars

b. three chars

Which of the following sentences are are true? a. lists may not be stores inside tuples b. tuples may be stored inside lists c. tuples may not be stored inside tuples d. lists may be stored inside lists

b. tuples may be stored inside lists d. lists may be stored inside lists

Assuming that 1st is a four element list, is there any difference between these two statements? del 1st #the first line del 1st [:] #the second line a. yes, there is, the first line empties the list, the second line detects the list as a whole b. yes, there is, the first line deletes the list as a whole, the second line just empties the list c. no, there is no difference d. yes, there is, the first line deletes the list as a whole, the second line removes all, the elements except the first one

b. yes, there is, the first line deletes the list as a whole, the second line just empties the list

Which of the following expressions evaluate to True? a. str(1-1) in '0123456739'[:2] b. 'phd' in 'alpha' c. 'deb' not in 'alpha'[::-1] d. 'True' not in 'False'

c. 'deb' not in 'alpha'[::-1] d. 'True' not in 'False'

What is the expected output of the following snippet? lst = [1,2,3,4] lst = lst[-3:-2] lst = lst[-1] print(lst) a. 1 b. 4 c. 2 d. 3

c. 2

How many elements will the list2 contain after execution of the following snippet? list1 = [False for i in range(1, 10)] list2 = list1 [-1:1:-1] a. 0 b. 5 c. 7 d. 3

c. 7

And operator able to perform bitwise shifts is coded as (select 2 answers) a. -- b. ++ c. << d. >>

c. << and d. >>

Assuming that the V variable holds an integer value to 2, which of the following operators should be used instead of OPER to make the expression equal to 1? V OPER 1 - a. <<< b. >>> c. >> d. <<

c. >>

Which of the following is true? (select two answers) a. a code point is a point inside the code when execution stops immediately b. an escape sequence can be recognized by the # sign in front of it c. UTF-8 is one of the ways of representing UNICODE code points d. ASCII is the name of a character coding standard

c. UTF-8 is one of the ways of representing UNICODE code points d. ASCII is the name of a character coding standard

What should you put instead of XXX to print out the module name? if __name__ != "XXX": print(__name__) a. main b. _main_ c. __main__ d. ___main___

c. __main__

Python's built in function named open() tried to open a file and returns: a. an integer value identifying an opened file b. an error code (0 means success) c. a stream object d. always None

c. a stream object

Assuming that the following snippet has been successfully executed, which of the equations are False? (select two answers) a = [0] b = a[:] a[0] = 1 a. len(a) == len(b) b. a[0] - 1 == b[0] c. a[0] == b[0] d. b[0] - 1 == a[0]

c. a[0] == b[0] d. b[0] - 1 == a[0]

A function called issubclass (c1, c2) is able to check if: a. c1 and c2 are both subclasses of the same superclass b. c2 is a subclass of c1 c. c1 is a subclass of c2 d. c1 and c2 are not subclasses of the same superclass

c. c1 is a subclass of c2

A class constructor (select two answers) a. can return a value b. cannot be invoked directly from inside the class c. can be invoked directly from any of the subclasses d. can be invoked directly from any of the superclasses

c. can be invoked directly from any of the subclasses d. can be invoked directly from any of the superclasses

If you want to access an exempt object's components and store them in a n object called e, you have to use the following form of exception statement: a. except Exception (e): b. except e=Exception: c. except Exception as e: d. such an action is not possible in Python

c. except Exception as e:

What is the expected behavior of the following code? x = 3 % 1 y = 1 if x > y: print(0) else: print(y) a. it outputs -1 b. the code is erroneous and it will not execute c. it outputs 1 d. it outputs 0

c. it outputs 1

A method for passing the arguments used by the following snippet is called: def fun (a, b): return a + b res = fun (1, 2) a. sequential b. named c. positional d. keyword

c. positional

Assuming that the code below has been executed successfully, which of the following expressions will always evaluate to true? (Select two answers) import random v1 = random.random() v2 = random.random() a. len(random.sample([1,2,3],1)) > 2 b. v1 == v2 c. random.choice([1,2,3]) > 0 d. v1<1

c. random.choice([1,2,3]) > 0 d. v1 < 1

What is the expected behavior of the following code? x = 8 ** (1/3) y = 2 if x < 2.3 y=2 else: y=3 a. it outputs 2.0 b. it outputs 2.5 c. the code is erroneous and it will not execute d. it outputs 3.0

c. the code is erroneous and it will not execute

Executing the following snippet will cause the dct: dct = { 'pi' : 3.14} dct ['pi'] = 3.1415 a. to hold two keys named "~pi' linked to 3.14 and 3.1415 respectively b. to hold two keys named "~pi' linked to 3.14 and 3.1415 c. to hold one key named "~pi' linked to 3.1415 d. to hold two keys named "~pi' linked to 3.1415

c. to hold one key named "~pi' linked to 3.1415

Which of the following words can be used as a variable name? (select two answers) a. for b. True c. true d. For

c. true d. For

Is it possible to safely check if a class/object has a certain attribute? a. yes, by using the hasattr attribute b. yes, by using the hasattr() method c. yes, by using the hasattr() function d. no, it is not possible

c. yes, by using the hasattr() function

Python strings can be "glued" together using the operator: a. . b. & c. _ d. +

d. +

What is the expected output of the following code? 1st = [x for x in range (5)] 1st = list (filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, 1st)) print(len(1st)) a. 2 b. the code will cause a runtime error c. 1 d. 3

d. 3 (if 1st is in fact lst as a variable can not begin with a number) (if variable is 1st, it will cause a syntax error

What will the value of the i variable be when the following loop finishes its execution? for i in range(10): pass a. 10 b. the variable becomes unavailable c. 11 d. 9

d. 9

The following class hierarchy is given. What is the expected output of the code? class A: def a (self): print("A", end=' ') def b (self): self.a() class B (A): def a (self): print("B", end=' ') def do (self): self.b() class C (A): def a (self): print("C", end=' ') def do (self): self.b() B().do() C().do() a. BB b. CC c. AA d. BC

d. BC

What is the expected output of the following snippet? class X: pass class Y(X): pass class Z(Y): pass x = z() z = z() print(isinstance(x, z), isinstance(z, x)) a. True False b. True True c. False False d. False True

d. False True

What is the expected output of the following code? def f (n): if n == 1: return 1 return n + f (n-1) print(f(2)) a. 21 b. 12 c. 3 d. None

d. None (the input parameter did not satisfy the if condition) (if the second return line is indented with the if clause, then the correct answer is 3)

A variable stored separately in every object is called: a. there are no such variables , all variables are shared among objects b. a class variable c. an object variable d. an instance variable

d. an instance variable

You are going to read just one character from a stream called s. Which statement would you use? a. ch = read(s, 1) b. ch = s.input(1) c. ch = input(s, 1) d. ch = s.read(1)

d. ch = s.read(1)

The following expression 1 + -2 is: a. equal to 1 b. invalid c. equal to 2 d. equal to -1

d. equal to -1

How many stars (*) does the following snippet print? i = 3 while i > 0: i -= 1 print("*") else: print("*") a. the code is erroneous b. five c. three d. four

d. four

A two-parameter lambda function raising its first parameter to the power of the second parameter should be declared as: a. lambda (x, y) = x**y b. lambda (x, y): x**y c. def lambda (x, y): return x**y d. lambda x, y: x**y

d. lambda x, y: x**y

What is the expected output of the following code? def x(): #line 01 return 2. #line 02 x = 1 + x(). #line03 print(x) a. cause a runtime exception on line 02 b. cause a runtime exception on line 01 c. cause a runtime exception on line 03 d. print 3

d. print 3 (function is evaluated from left to right . Function return takes more precedence, then followed by operator. Finally value is assigned, which is of least precedence.

Which of the following lines of code will work flawlessly when put independently inside the add_new() method in order to make the snippet's output equal to [0, 1, 21]? (select two answers) class MyClass: def __init__(self, size): self.queue = [i for i in range(size)] def get(self): return self.queue def get_last(self): return self.queue[-1] def add_new(self): #insert the line of code here Object = MyClass(2) Object.add_new() print(Object.get()) a. queue.append(self.get last() + 1) b. self.queue.append(self.queue[+1] c. self.queue.append(get_last() + 1) d. self.queue.append(self.get last () + 1)

d. self.queue.append(self.get last () + 1) (outputs [0, 1, 2]) b. self.queue.append(self.queue[+1] (outputs [0, 1, 1]) (a and c are erroneous)

Files with the suffix .pyc contain: a. Python 4 source code b. backups c. temporary data d. semi-compiled Python code

d. semi-compiled Python code

What is the expected output of the following snippet? a = 2 if a > 0: a += 1 else: a -= 1 print(a) a. 3 b. 1 c. 2 d. the code is erroneous

d. the code is erroneous (the else: statement is improperly indented) a. 3 (if the else statement was properly indented)

What can you do if you dont like a long package path like this one? import alpha.beta.gamma.delta.epsilon.zeta a. you can make an alias for the name using the alias keyword b. nothing, you need to come to terms with it c. you can shorten it to alpha.zeta and Python will find the proper connection d. you can make an alias for the name using the as keyword

d. you can make an alias for the name using the as keyword