Pedi Ex 2 GI, Endocrine/metabolic, GU, reproductive systems questions
T/F: A child that has infectious gastroenteritis should be placed on contact precautions.
true
T/F: Dialysis is the separation and removal of solutes from body fluid by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane.
true
T/F: The interstitial and the intravascular fluid together are often referred to as the extracellular fluid (ECF).
true
A 4-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome is admitted to the pediatric unit. What clinical finding does the nurse expect when assessing this child? a. Severe lethargy b. Dark, frothy urine c. Chronic hypertension d. Flushed, ruddy complexion
b
T/F: UTIs occur more often in males than females
false
Surrounding cells and bloodstream
interstitial
What is the hallmark of kidney or bladder infection?
pain
A nurse is assessing a child with vesicoureteral reflux. What clinical finding does the nurse expect to identify? a. Dysuria b. Oliguria c. Glycosuria d. Proteinuria
a
Which assessment finding at the insertion site of a hemodialysis catheter would suggest infection? a. Thrill b. Pallor c. Cyanosis d. Erythema
d; and pain
T/F: Infants proportionally lose less fluid in their urine.
false; Infants do not concentrate urine as well because their kidneys are immature
Blood plasma, 5 % of body weight
intravascular
A 4-week-old infant is diagnosed with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) and is scheduled for surgery. Oral feedings usually are initiated a few hours after surgery. What does the nurse expect the practitioner to prescribe initially? a. Electrolyte solution b. Full-strength formula c. Half-strength formula d. Cereal-thickened water
a
A nurse anticipates that surgery will be needed for an 18-month-old child with undescended testes because: a. Psychological damage is limited b. Maturation of testes starts at age 7 c. Future malignancy may be prevented d. Puboscrotal ring is more elastic at age 2
a
A nurse who is caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis assesses the child for cerebral complications. What signs and symptoms does the nurse identify that indicate cerebral involvement? a. Headache, drowsiness, and vomiting b. Generalized edema, anorexia, and restlessness c. Anuria, temperature greater than 103, and confusion d. Cardiac decompensation, heart rate of 114 beats per minute, and vomiting
a
Enuresis is a common childhood disorder. Parents who have a child with this problem brought their child to the physician's office. They have most likely a. tried many methods to correct the problem. b. had the siblings tested for the disorder. c. accepted the fact that this is a lifelong problem. d. blamed themselves for lack of effective training of their child.
a
If you discover that an infant is developing necrotizing enterocolitis, what would be your best action? a. Institute NPO status. b. Insert a glycerin suppository. c. Count respirations. d. Dilute next formula feeding to 13 calories per ounce.
a
Which assessment data would suggest that a recently transplanted kidney is not functioning well? a. Increase in BUN b. Decrease in white cell count c. Decrease in serum potassium d. Increase in red cell count
a
Which interventions should the nurse include when preparing a care plan for a child with hepatitis? Select all that apply. a. Providing a low-fat, well-balanced diet b. Teaching the child effective hand-washing techniques c. Scheduling playtime in the playroom with other children d. Notifying the HCP if jaundice is present e. Instructing the parents to avoid administering medications unless prescribed f. Arranging for indefinite home schooling because the child will not be able to return to school
a, b, e
A 12-year-old male is hospitalized for testicular pain. The diagnosis of testicular torsion is made. Which treatment would the nurse advise the parents to expect? a. Nothing, it will resolve over the next few weeks. b. Surgery to correct the problem c. Steroids to decrease the inflammation d. Over-the-counter pain medications with the application of ice and elevation of the testes
b
A nurse is teaching the mother of a toddler with celiac disease the specific foods allowed on the gluten-free diet. What essential information should the nurse help the mother to understand? a. Corn flour is not included in the diet b. Labels of prepared foods must be read carefully c. Caloric intake is increased to compensate for a deficiency of proteins d. It is a very short-term problem
b
An 8-month-old infant had a surgical correction for hypospadias. What is a priority nursing intervention during the postoperative period? a. Ensure that privacy is maintained b. Minimize pain with adequate analgesia c. Restrict fluid intake until stent is removed d. Gradually increase the time the urinary catheter is clamped
b
A 10-year-old with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is selecting foods for dinner from a menu. Which foods should the nurse encourage? a. Baked potato, meat loaf, banana, and pretzels b. Baked ham, bread and butter, peaches, and milk c. Corn on the cob, baked chicken, rice, apple, and milk d. Hot dog on a bun, potato chips, dill pickle slices, and brownie
c
A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with intussusception. Which symptom reported by the parents would have led the nurse to suspect this diagnosis? a. Projectile vomiting b. Right lower quadrant pain c. Bloody-mucus stool d. Rebound tenderness
c
A nurse in the pediatric clinic is planning care for a 7-year-old boy with enuresis. What is an appropriate short-term goal for this child? a. Groin rash will resolve in 1 week b. Continence will continue throughout the night c. Time between each voiding will increase by 1 hour d. Self-esteem enhancement will occur when given praise
c
An adolescent who was admitted to the hospital with ketoacidosis is stable and receiving Novolin R subcutaneously. One hour after its administration the nurse enters the room and observes that the adolescent is diaphoretic and irritable. What is the nurse's first intervention? a. Delay the client's lunch tray b. Provide a glass of low-fat milk c. Obtain a blood glucose reading d. Cover the client with a light blanket
c
An insulin infusion was initiated on a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. What additional infusion additive would the nurse also possibly give? a. Potassium b. Sodium c. Glucose d. Bicarbonate
c
A child with chronic kidney disease is receiving peritoneal dialysis. For what complication associated with this treatment should the nurse monitor the child? a. Petechiae b. Abdomial bruit c. Cloudy return dialysate d. Elevated blood glucose levels
c; indicates infection
A 7-year-old is diagnosed with Type I diabetes. Many labs are drawn at the time of diagnosis. One lab test that is specific to this type of diabetes is a. arterial blood gases. b. BUN. c. ammonia level. d. glycosylated hemoglobin.
d
A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis. The child's urinary output decreases to less than 100 mL every 24 hours, the creatinine clearance is 60 mL per minute, and there is an irregular apical pulse. A diagnosis of acute renal failure is made. Blood is drawn for testing. Which serum level is most significant? a. Sodium 126 mEq/L b. Bilirubin 0.3 mg/dL c. Creatinine 1.3 mg/dL d. Potassium 6.1 mEq/L
d
A school-aged boy has an emergency appendectomy. Which assessment would you report to his physician if noticed in the immediate postoperative period? a. Abdominal pain b. A feeling of "tugging" at the incision line c. Thirst d. A rigid abdomen
d
An infant is born with exstrophy of the bladder. What practitioner's order does the nurse expect to protect the exposed bladder until surgery is performed? a. Antibacterial ointment b. Pediatric urine collector c. Warm moist compress d. Sterile nonadherent dressings
d
The following blood gases are obtained for a child. The results are pH- 7.48, CO2- 42, HCO3- 32. Which of the following acid-base imbalances is occurring? a. Metabolic acidosis b. Respiratory acidosis c. Respiratory alkalosis d. Metabolic alkalosis
d
The mother of a 2-year old toddler tells the nurse that her child frequently is constipated. The nurse asks the mother how she handles the child's toileting. Which response indicates to the nurse that the mother requires further discussion? a. "My child drinks a lot of fluids." b. "I give my child high-fiber foods." c. "My child has one bowel movement a day." d. "I schedule my child's toileting before each meal."
d
What are the four characteristic symptoms of nephrotic syndrome? Select all that apply. a. proteinuria b. hematuria c. edema d. hypoalbuminemia e. hypertension f. hyperlipidemia
a, c, d, f
After several episodes of intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting a 5-month old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit. A diagnosis of intussusception is made. What is the priority nursing assessment that assists in confirming the diagnosis? a. Auscultating for bowel sounds b. Listening for high-pitched crying c. Measuring fluid intake and output d. Observing characteristics of stools
d
An adolescent asks you how to prevent toxic shock syndrome. Your best advice would be to a. strictly use maximum absorbency tampons only. b. use tampons on the first and last days of the menstrual periods. c. use two tampons at a time to increase absorbency. d. use sanitary pads rather than tampons at night.
d
The clinic nurse reviews the record of an infant and notes that the health care provider has documented a suspected diagnosis Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse reviews the assessment findings documented in the record, knowing that which symptom most likely led the mother to seed health care for the infant? a. Diarrhea b. Projectile vomiting c. Regurgitation of feedings d. Foul-smelling ribbon-like stools
d
The nurse is reviewing a treatment plan with the parents of a newborn with hypospadias. Which statement by the parents indicates their understanding of the plan? a. "Caution should be used when straddling the infant on a hip." b. "Vital signs should be taken daily to check for bladder infection." c. "Catheterization will be necessary when the infant does not void." d. "Circumcision has been delayed to save tissue for surgical repair."
d
35% to 45% of body weight
intracellular
