PEDIA 4

Parents bring their 2-week-old infant to a clinic for treatment after a diagnosis of clubfoot made at birth. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching regarding this disorder? "Treatment needs to be started as soon as possible." "I realize my infant will require follow-up care until fully grown." "I need to bring my infant back to the clinic in 1 month for a new cast." "I need to come to the clinic every week with my infant for the casting."

"I need to bring my infant back to the clinic in 1 month for a new cast."

The nurse is providing instructions to the parents of a child with scoliosis regarding the use of a brace. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further instruction? "I will encourage my child to perform prescribed exercises." "I will have my child wear soft fabric clothing under the brace." "I should apply lotion under the brace to prevent skin breakdown." "I should avoid the use of powder because it will cake under the brace."

"I should apply lotion under the brace to prevent skin breakdown."

The nurse is preparing an adolescent with scoliosis for a spinal surgical instrumentation placement procedure. Which consideration should the nurse include? A chest tube and urinary catheter may be required. Ambulation will not be allowed for up to 3 months. Surgery eliminates the need for casting and bracing. Discomfort can be controlled with nonpharmacologic methods.

A chest tube and urinary catheter may be required.

The parents of a child recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy ask the nurse about the limitations of the disorder. The nurse responds by explaining that the limitations occur as a result of which pathophysiological process? An infectious disease of the central nervous system An inflammation of the brain as a result of a viral illness A chronic disability characterized by impaired muscle movement and posture A congenital condition that results in moderate to severe intellectual disabilities

A chronic disability characterized by impaired muscle movement and posture

A person with autism finds it hard to interact with others. Which of these is an example of this? The person won't look at other people. The person seems unaware of others' feelings toward him or her. The person often doesn't respond to his or her name being spoken. All of the above

All of the above

A lumbar puncture is performed on a child suspected to have bacterial meningitis, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is obtained for analysis. The nurse reviews the results of the CSF analysis and determines that which results would verify the diagnosis? Clear CSF, decreased pressure, and elevated protein level Clear CSF, elevated protein, and decreased glucose levels Cloudy CSF, elevated protein, and decreased glucose levels Cloudy CSF, decreased protein, and decreased glucose levels

Cloudy CSF, elevated protein, and decreased glucose levels

The nurse is reviewing prenatal vitamin supplements with an expectant client. Which supplement should be included in the teaching? Vitamin A throughout pregnancy Multivitamin preparations as soon as pregnancy is suspected Folic acid for all women of childbearing age

Folic acid for all women of childbearing age

A neonate is born with bilateral mild clubfoot. When the parents ask the nurse how this will be corrected, the nurse should give which explanation? Traction is tried first. Surgical intervention is needed. Frequent, serial casting is tried first. Children outgrow this condition when they learn to walk.

Frequent, serial casting is tried first.

The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on common problems associated with myelomeningocele. Which common problem is associated with this defect? Hydrocephalus Craniostenosis Biliary atresia Esophageal atresia

Hydrocephalus

The nurse is taking care of an adolescent diagnosed with kyphosis. Which describes this condition? Lateral curvature of the spine Immobility of the shoulder joint Exaggerated concave lumbar curvature of the spine Increased convex angulation in the curve of the thoracic spine

Increased convex angulation in the curve of the thoracic spine

A 1-month-old infant is seen in a clinic and is diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip. On assessment, the nurse understands that which finding should be noted in this condition? Limited range of motion in the affected hip An apparent lengthened femur on the affected side Asymmetrical adduction of the affected hip when the infant is placed supine with the knees and hips flexed Symmetry of the gluteal skinfolds when the infant is placed prone and the legs are extended against the examining table

Limited range of motion in the affected hip

The nurse is planning care for a child with acute bacterial meningitis. Based on the mode of transmission of this infection, which precautionary intervention should be included in the plan of care? Maintain enteric precautions. Maintain neutropenic precautions. No precautions are required as long as antibiotics have been started. Maintain respiratory isolation precautions for at least 24 hours after the initiation of antibiotics.

Maintain respiratory isolation precautions for at least 24 hours after the initiation of antibiotics.

The nurse notes documentation that a child is exhibiting an inability to flex the leg when the thigh is flexed anteriorly at the hip. Which condition does the nurse suspect? Meningitis Spinal cord injury Intracranial bleeding Decreased cerebral blood flow

Meningitis

A child who has undergone spinal fusion for scoliosis complains of abdominal discomfort and begins to have episodes of vomiting. On further assessment, the nurse notes abdominal distention. On the basis of these findings, the nurse should take which action? * Place the child in a Sims' position. Increase the intravenous fluids. Notify the primary health care provider (PHCP). Administer an antiemetic.

Notify the primary health care provider (PHCP).

The nurse is assisting a primary health care provider (PHCP) examine a 3-week-old infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip. What test or sign should the nurse expect the PHCP to assess? Babinski's sign The Moro reflex Ortolani's maneuver The palmar-plantar grasp

Ortolani's maneuver

A school nurse is conducting a staff in-service to other school nurses on idiopathic scoliosis. During which period of child development does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable? Newborn period When child starts to walk Preadolescent growth spurt Adolescence

Preadolescent growth spurt

Which is NOT a symptom of ADHD? Inattention Impulsivity Fidgeting Stuttering

Stuttering

The nurse is preparing to admit a newborn with myelomeningocele to the neonatal intensive care nursery. Which describes this newborn's defect? Fissure in the spinal column that leaves the meninges and the spinal cord exposed Herniation of the brain and meninges through a defect in the skull Hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst of meninges with spinal fluid but no neural elements Visible defect with an external saclike protrusion containing meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves

Visible defect with an external saclike protrusion containing meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a person with ASD? atypical growth and development delayed speech and language development extreme fascination and preoccupation with specific objects self-stimulation behaviors

atypical growth and development

Echolalia is defined as repeating words and phrases that have been said by others singing consistently instead of using word to speak speaking in monotone using no words or sounds

repeating words and phrases that have been said by others