Peds 3

A 2-year-old child who has been restricted to bed rest because of a diagnosis of meningitis is now allowed out of bed. The nurse suggests going to the playroom. The child responds by shaking the head vigorously from side to side, screaming, "No! Won't!" However, the child is trying to climb out of the crib at the same time. In light of these behaviors, what is the most likely conclusion by the nurse? 1 The child is trying to assert independence. 2 The child is eager to resume regular play activities. 3 The child is unsure of the difference between yes and no. 4 The child is confused as a result of increased intracranial pressure.

1

A nurse bases the plan of care for a 15-month-old toddler with celiac disease on the pathophysiology of the disorder, which is characterized by what? 1 Inability to metabolize gluten 2 Absence of the enzyme phenylalanine 3 Excessive amount of salt in the sweat glands 4 Increase in the viscosity of mucous secretions

1

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has undergone bone marrow transplantation. What clinical finding(s) should the nurse anticipate if an infection develops? 1 Fever and lethargy 2 Positive blood antibody titers 3 A delay in the growth of bone 4 Neutropenia and lymphocytopenia

1

Three days after the application of a spica cast a toddler has a temperature of 101.4° F (38.6° C). What clinical finding does the nurse anticipate? 1 A foul odor from the cast 2 An irregular respiratory pattern 3 Itching around the top of the cast 4 Complaints of tingling in the toes

1

What step should the nurse undertake during the administration of eardrops in children ages 1 to 3 years? 1 Pulling the auricle down and backward 2 Placing the cotton ball in the innermost part of the canal 3 Keeping the toddler in the side-lying position for 10 to 15 minutes 4 Holding the dropper 3 cm above the child's ear canal to instill the drops

1

Which of these diseases would the nurse explain is most common in toddlers? 1 Influenza 2 Lung cancer 3 Hypertension 4 Angina pectoris

1

Which topic should the nurse include in a teaching session for the parents of a 13-month-old toddler-age client? 1 Gradual weaning from the bottle 2 Signs of toilet training readiness 3 Peer companionship during play 4 Development of nighttime fears

1

While in the playroom of a pediatric unit the nurse sees several toddlers seated at a table trying to copy the same picture from a book. They are not talking to each other or sharing their crayons. What does the nurse conclude about this behavioral interaction? 1 It is a typical expression of toddlers' social development. 2 This is an example of antisocial behavior found in some children. 3 It is a lack of parental role models to demonstrate acceptable behavior. 4 This is an illustration of separation anxiety typical of hospitalized toddlers

1

Which assessment data would cause the nurse to suspect that a toddler-age client is experiencing physical neglect? 1 Abdominal distention 2 Bloody underclothing 3 Recurrent urinary tract infections 4 Bruises in various stages of healing

1 Abdominal distention is a physical manifestation associated with malnutrition that is associated with physical neglec

The nurse is preparing to teach the parents of a toddler about the inability of the toddler-age clients to judge conservation related to mass. Which information should the nurse include in a teaching session during a health maintenance visit? Select all that apply. 1 Size 2 Color 3 Shape 4 Length 5 Volume

1, 3, 4, 5

A nurse receives an order to prepare the solution for administering a cleansing enema to a 3-year-old child. What is the volume of solution the nurse should prepare? 1 150 to 250 mL 2 250 to 350 mL 3 300 to 500 mL 4 500 to 750 mL

2

A toddler on the pediatric unit is required to have temporary dietary restrictions after colorectal surgery. What is the best way for the nurse to promote adherence to the restrictions? 1 Limit restrictions to nonessential foods 2 Handle dietary changes in a matter-of-fact way 3 Have the dietitian explain the restrictions to the parents 4 Arrange to have an adult other than a parent stay at mealtime

2

According to Erikson's theory, which behavior would the student nurse explain that a toddler exhibits? 1 The child gets casual about body appearance. 2 The child starts performing self-care activities. 3 The child suppresses feelings of the superego. 4 The child becomes dependent on his or her siblings.

2

After a 4-year-old child undergoes craniotomy the nurse performs a neurologic assessment that includes level of consciousness, pupillary activity, and reflex activity. What else should the nurse include in this assessment? 1 Blood pressure 2 Motor function 3 Rectal temperature 4 Head circumference

2

The nurse is preparing to conduct a scheduled health maintenance visit for a 15-month-old toddler-age client. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session with the toddler's parents related to socialization and cognition? 1 Engages in parallel play 2 Imitation of parental activities 3 An elevated fear of strangers 4 Tolerates long periods of parental separation

2

The parents of an 18-month-old toddler are anxious to know why their child has experienced several episodes of acute otitis media. What should the nurse explain to the parents about why toddlers are prone to middle ear infections? 1 Immunologic differences between adults and young children 2 Structural differences between eustachian tubes of younger and older children 3 Functional differences between eustachian tubes of younger and older children 4 Circumference differences between middle ear cavity size of adults and young children

2

What is the recommended size of the urinary catheter that can be used in a 3-year-old child? 1 5 to 6 Fr 2 8 to 10 Fr 3 14 to 16 Fr 4 16 to 18 Fr

2

Which statement is true regarding the importance of play for children? 1 Pretend play hampers the cognitive development of children. 2 Playing is important because it helps children to release frustration. 3 Children should be introduced to reality if they have imaginary playmates. 4 Children should completely avoid television, electronic games, and computer programs.

2

A 13-month-old toddler has a respiratory tract infection with a low-grade fever. When teaching the parents, which intervention should the nurse emphasize? 1 Encouraging high-calorie snacks to prevent weight loss 2 Keeping the toddler wrapped in blankets to prevent shivering 3 Giving small amounts of clear liquids frequently to prevent dehydration 4 Using cool-water baths to prevent the toddler's fever from increasing further

3

A toddler is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of acute spasmodic laryngitis. After the spasms subside, the child is ready to be discharged. What should the nurse teach the parents to do at home to help prevent another croup episode? 1 Perform postural drainage. 2 Discourage before-bedtime snacks. 3 Use a cool mist vaporizer in the child's room. 4 Demonstrate to the child how to expel air after inspiration.

3

The parents of a toddler with newly diagnosed cystic fibrosis (CF) tell a nurse that even though they were told it is an inherited disorder, there is no history of CF in the family. How can the nurse clarify the way in which the disease was inherited? 1 It is a mutated gene. 2 It involves an X-linked gene. 3 The inheritance is autosomal recessive. 4 The inheritance is autosomal dominant.

3

What does the nurse state is the cause of frequent upper respiratory tract infections in toddlers? 1 Stress 2 Unhealthy diet 3 Lack of exercise 4 Immature immune system

3

The parents of a toddler tell the nurse the family has been living in a very old building. The nurse should carefully assess the child for the irreversible effects of possible lead poisoning by focusing on the what? 1 Urinary system 2 Skeletal system 3 Hematologic system 4 Central nervous system

4