Peds Exam Questions
A nurse is obtaining a health history from the parent of a child with suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask?
"Has your child or anyone in the household has a sore throat recently?"
A nurse is providing instruction about nutrition to the parent of a preschool child. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to provide 1 oz of grains?
1 cup ready-to-eat cereal flakes
A nurse is caring for a child who is on a clear liquid diet. At lunch the child consumed 1/2 cup of juice, 3 oz gelatin, 1 oz popsicle and 20 mL ginger ale. How many mL should the nurse record as the child's fluid intake?
260 mL
A charge nurse is making a room assignment for a client who has scabies. In which of the following rooms should the nurse place the client?
A private room
A nurse is planning care for a 10-year-old child hospitalized for an extended period of time. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to meet the client's psychosocial needs according to Erikson?
Arrange for a teacher to provide lesson plans
A nurse is assessing an 11-month-old infant. Which of the following manifestations is associated with a central nervous system (CNS) infection?
Bulging fontanel
A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which of the following systems should the nurse monitor in response to this diagnosis?
Cardiovascular
A nurse is caring for a child with a tracheostomy. After suctioning the tracheostomy, the nurse should use which of the following findings to determine that the procedure was effective?
Clear breath sounds
A nurse at a pediatric clinical is preparing immunizations for a 4-month-old child who is current on their immunization schedule. Based off of this information the nurse should prepare to administer which immunizations to the infant?
Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP); inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV); pneumococcal vaccine (PVC) and rotavirus vaccine (RV)
A nurse is monitoring a child for manifestations of hemorrhage following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of this postoperative complication?
Frequent swallowing
A nurse is assessing a child in sickle cell crisis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Pain
A nurse is planning care for a child with suspected epiglottis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Place the child in an upright position
A nurse is providing instructions to a UAP to measure a newborn's respiratory rate. Which statement indicated an understanding of why the respiratory rate should be counted for a complete minute?
The rate and rhythm of respiration is irregular in newborns
A nurse in an urgent care clinic is studying the developmental stages of various clients. In which of the following clients should the nurse expect to see the first manifestation of autism?
Toddler
A 15-month-old child just received routine immunizations including DTaP, IPV, and MMR. Which clinical manifestations would NOT constitute an adverse reaction? (SATA)
Soreness at the injection sites, redness at the injection sites
A nurse if instructing a client with iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the instructions?
Spinach & beef
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child at a routine wellness checkup. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Stands on one foot for a few seconds
A nurse is caring for a child admitted with suspected acute appendicitis. Which of the following manifestations should indicate to the nurse that the child's appendix is perforated?
Sudden decrease in abdominal pain
A nurse is caring for a client that is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following health care providers is responsible for obtaining informed consent form the client for the procedure?
Surgeon
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have cystic fibrosis. Which of the following diagnostic tests is used to confirm the diagnosis?
Sweat chloride test
The nurse is assessing an infant for signs and symptoms of dehydration. Which of the following confirm the diagnosis (SATA)
Lack of tears -depressed fontanel -HR 180 RR 60 BP 78/40
A nurse receives a unit of packed RBC's from a blood bank and notes that the time is 1130. The nurse should begin the infusion at which of the following times?
As soon as the nurse can prepare the client and the administration set
A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old with acute rheumatic fever. Which assessment is the nurse's priority immediately after admission?
Auscultating the rate and characteristics of the child's heart sounds
A nurse is planning care for an adolescent with scoliosis that requires surgical intervention. Which of the following behaviors by the adolescent should the nurse anticipate?
Body image changes
A parent calls a clinic and reports to a nurse that his 2-month-old infant is hungry more than usual but is projectile vomiting immediately after eating. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Bring the baby in to the clinic
A nurse is monitoring a 3-month-old infant manifesting sneezing, coughing, nasal congestion, intermittent fever and apnea spells. These nurses should recognize these findings are associated with which of the following diagnoses?
Bronchiolitis
A nurse is caring for an infant with a palpable mass in the upper right quadrant and stools mixed with blood and mucus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following is associated with these findings?
Intussusception
A nurse is preparing to administer the scheduled immunizations to a 1-year-old toddler. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse inform the parent the toddler will receive for the first time?
MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
A home health nurse is developing a plan of care for a child who has hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Which of the following goals is the priority for the nurse to include in the plan of care?
Modify the environment
A nurse is caring for a 17-year-old client experiencing a relapse of leukemia. The client is refusing treatment, but the clients mother insists that the client receive treatment. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Notify the provider of the situation
A nurse is caring for a child with acute diarrhea that is able to tolerate oral fluids. Which of the following type of fluid would be most appropriate for the nurse to provide for this child?
Oral rehydration solution
A nurse in a pediatric unit is practicing family-centered care. Which is most descriptive of the care the nurse is delivering?
Recognizing that the family is the constant in child's life
A nurse is admitting an infant with severe dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Weight loss of 13%
A nurse is educating new parents about the risk for SIDS. Which of the following parent statements should indicate to the nurse the need for additional instructions?
"Our baby will sleep in our bed because I am breastfeeding."
A nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse about documentation of a client's information in the electronic health record. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates understanding of the purpose of documentation?
"Documentation is a communication tool for the inter professional health care team."
A nurse is caring for an adolescent with spina bifida. The client is paralyzed from the waist down. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse a need for further instructions?
"I only need to catheterize myself twice every day."
A nurse is providing instructions to a school-age child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the child indicates an understanding of the information?
"I should eat a snack half an hour before playing soccer."
A nurse is instructing a parent of an infant with heart failure about meeting the infant's nutritional needs. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the instructions?
"I will add Polycose to each of my baby's bottles."
A nurse is instructing a parent of a child with hemophilia how to control a minor bleeding episode. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further instructions?
"I will apply heat"
A nurse is instructing a newly licensed nurse about reporting suspected child abuse. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding by the newly licensed nurse?
"If suspicion of abuse exists, then reporting is mandatory."
A nurse is reviewing information about the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates a need for further teaching?
"Information about the client can be disclosed family members at any time."
A nurse is caring for a child that has been physical abused by a family member. Which of the following statements should the nurse say to the child?
"It is not your fault that this happened."
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates an understanding of the instructions?
"My child might complain of feeling shaky when he has a low blood glucose level."
A nurse is planning to use the Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation (SBAR) communication tool when calling a client's primary health care provider (PCP). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the B step?
"The client was found unconscious on the floor in the home."
A nurse is providing discharge instructions about nutrition to the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which of the following responses by the parents indicates an understanding of the instructions?
"We will give our child pancreatic enzymes with snacks and meals."
A nurse is providing instructions to the parents of a child with streptococcus pharyngitis about ways to prevent disease transmission. Which of the following responses by the parents indicates an understanding of the instructions?
"We'll discard our child's toothbrush and buy another."
A nurse is providing instructions to the parent of a pediatric client diagnosed with scabies. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the instructions?
-"Apply 5% permethrin cream over the entire body" -"Wash towels, clothing, and bed sheets in hot water after treatment" -"Leave the cream on the entire body overnight and wash in the morning."
A nurse is instructing the parents of a 10-month-old infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions? (SATA)
-Serve food in small, no-circular pieces -tie plastic bags in knots before discarding them -fit the mattress so that it is snug against the sides of the crib
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has seizures and is receiving phenytoin in suspension form. Which of the following actions should the nurse take before administering each dose?
-Shake the container vigorously
A nurse is assessing a 7-month-old infant at a health clinic. Which of the following activitie(s) should the nurse expect the infant to perform? (SATA)
-Transferring objects from on hand to the other -Rolling from front to back, and back to front -sitting up with support
The nurse is caring for a teenage patient with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma. The teenager is asking if the doctors will cut off his leg. The nurse's response includes the following information.
-Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy
A nurse is preparing to administer clonazepam 1.5 mg PO in 3 equally divided doses every 8 hr for a client who has seizures. The amount available is clonazepam 0.5 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest tenth)
1 tablet
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin 6mcg/kg/day PO divided equally every 12 hours for a toddler that weighs 22 lbs. Available is digoxin elixir 0.025 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest tenth)
1.2 mL
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10 mg/kg dose to a child that weighs 28 lb. Available is acetaminophen 120 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth).
5.3 mL
Calculate the hourly fluid maintenance rate for this child. Weight 66 lbs. Round to a whole number and enter the number only.
71
A nurse is reviewing data for four children. Which child should the nurse assess first?
A 10-year-old child with sickle cell anemia who reports severe chest pain
A nurse is caring for a group of adolescents. Which of the following findings should be reported to the health provider immediately?
A client's BP changes from 112/60 mmHg to 94/50 mmHg when standing
A home health nurse is providing client education about the use of online resources for a family who inquired about the validity of information on the internet. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client education as the most credible source of information?
A website that is affiliated with a government agency
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Administer antibiotics when available
A nurse is caring for a toddler that is 24 hr postoperative following a cleft palate repair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Administer opioids for pain
A pediatric nurse receives a shift report on a group of clients with asthma. Which client should the nurse assess first?
An infant crying weakly, with diminished breath sounds
A nurse is preparing to take an infant's vital signs. The nurse should use which of the following sites to assess the infant's heart rate?
Apex of the heart
A nurse is admitting a client with cystic fibrosis. The client has labored respirations, fatigue, malnutrition and failure to thrive. What is the priority nursing actions for this client?
Apply an oximeter and initiate respiratory therapy
A nurse is caring for a pediatric client admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of sickle cell crisis. The client reports a severe headache with pain of 9/10. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Assess the client's neurological status
A nurse is caring for a child with red marks across his cheeks. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Assess the rest of the child's body for a rash
A nurse is providing instructions about iron deficiency anemia to the parents of the toddler. Which of the following should the nurse recommend as a method of preventing iron deficiency anemia?
Avoid a diet that consists primarily of milk
The nurse is educating a group of parents at an educational seminar and makes a recommendation to them that will reduce the risk of Reye syndrome in their children.
Avoidance of aspirin in children with viral disease
A nurse is assessing an adolescent who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
Blood pressure 92/50
A nurse is caring for a child that is 2 hr postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following fluid items should the nurse offer the child at this time?
Crushed ice
A nurse is caring for a 2-month-old infant that is postoperative following repair of a cleft lip and palate. The primary health care provider (PCP) prescribes restraints. The nurse should apply which of the following types of restraints for this infant?
Elbow
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who is postoperative following a myringotomy. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to determine the infants pain level?
FLACC
A nurse is assessing a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Facial edema
A nurse has provided instruction to a parent whose child is schedule for initial surgery for Hirschsprung disease. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the information?
I'm glad that my child's ostomy is only temporary
A nurse on the pediatric unit enters an infant's room and sees the mother raising the side rails of the crib. The mother is upset and tells the nurse that unlicensed assistive personnel left the side rails down. Which of the following is the highest priority action for the nurse to take?
Immediately discuss the observation with the UAP
A nurse is caring for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot. What nursing action should the nurse initiate for a client experiencing a hyper cyanotic, commonly referred to as a TET spell?
Immediately place the infant in the knee-chest position
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant. Which finding should indicate to the nurse that the infant is experiencing pain following a procedure?
Increased crying episodes
A nurse is caring for a 12-month-old toddler that is hospitalized. The toddler is confined to a room, with contact precautions. Which toy should the nurse recommend in order to meet the developmental needs of the client?
Large building blocks
A nurse is caring for preschool-age child. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse expect of the child?
Participates in imaginary play
A nurse is caring for a newborn and assessing newborn reflexes. To elicit the Moro reflex, the nurse should take which of the following actions?
Perform a sharp hand clap near the infant
A neonatal intensive care nurse is creating a plan of care for a newborn that has cyanotic heart disease. Which of the following nursing actions should NOT be included in the plan of care? (SATA)
Perform weekly weights, encourage activity without rest periods
A nurse is caring for a school age child that has heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse do to decrease the child's cardiac workload?
Place the child on bedrest
A nurse is caring for an infant with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). The nurse should place the infant in which of the following positions following feedings?
Place the infant in an infant seat
A nurse is caring for a child who is having a tonic-clonic seizure and vomiting. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Position the client side-lying
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 3-year-old child that is drooling. The child has a high fever and severe dyspnea. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Prepare for nasotracheal intubation
A nurse is planning care for a 4-year-old child that requires airborne precautions. Which of the following activities should the nurse plan for the child?
Putting a large piece puzzle together
A nurse in the pediatric clinic notes that a 6-year-old child doesn't recognize that objects exist when the object is outside of the visual field. Based on this assessment finding which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Report the observation to the primary care provider
A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old toddler that has been hospitalized for 10 days. After the toddler's mother leaves the room the nurse observes the toddler sitting quietly in the corner of the crib, sucking a thumb. When the nurse approaches the crib, the toddler turns away from the nurse. The nurse should understand that these behaviors indicate which of the following developmental reactions?
Separation anxiety
A nurse is following the nursing process and is in the planning step. Which of the following identifies what the nurse is doing?
Setting SMART goals for the patient
A nurse is caring for a newborn. The nurse should understand that which heart defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow and cyanosis in the newborn?
Tetralogy of Fallot
A nurse is educating a group of parents about developmental tasks of children going through puberty. The nurse should include which of the following statements to describe the psychosocial development of the adolescent client?
The adolescent questions authority in an attempt to develop an individual identity
A clinical educator is describing Piaget's cognitive developmental theory to a group of pediatric nursing staff. The nurse educator should include which child behavior characteristic is part of the formal operational stage?
The child has the ability to think abstractly
A nurse in the pediatric clinic is evaluating the developmental level of a 2-year-old client. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe?
The child uses a cup to drink
A nurse is completing an assessment of a 6-week-old newborn. Which of the following developmental skills is an expected finding?
The newborn follows movements of objects with eyes
A nurse is administering a medicated inhale containing a beta2-agonist to a child having an acute asthma attack. The nurse should understand that which of the following is the action of a beta2-agonists.
To dilate bronchioles
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 2-year-old child that throws a tantrum when the parent leaves. Which of the following toys should the nurse provide to help alleviate the child's stress?
Toy hammer and pounding board
A 3-year-old is crying after surgery for a replacement ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt). Choose the best interventions
Try the FACES pain scale and if the patient does not cooperate use the FLACC pain scale
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?
Urine specific gravity 1.015
A nurse is providing education to a 7-year-old child who is to have an IV line placed. The nurse should identify which of the following as an appropriate method to provide education?
Use a demonstration IV to explain what to expect
A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler and notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurses suspect?
Wilms' tumor
A nurse is caring for a newly diagnosed school-age child that has cystic fibrosis. The child's parents inquire about the cause of the disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
"Both parents are carriers of the defective gene."
A nurse is providing patient education about illness management to a school-age child with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to the child's parents. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include?
"Test the urine for ketones."
A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of RBC's to a pediatric client diagnosed with severe anemia. How should the nurse respond when the client's parents ask what benefit the transfusion will have?
"The additional RBC's can increase energy levels, so your child is not as tired."
A nurse is providing information to a parent of a child with a fracture of an epiphyseal plate. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"Normal bone growth can be affected."
A nurse is discharging a child with sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which statement should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
"Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day."