Peds Final
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old girl. The mother says that the girl is afraid of cats and dogs and does not like to go to the playground anymore because she wants to avoid the dogs that are often being walked at the park. What should the nurse tell the mother? "Acknowledge her fear and help her develop a strategy for dealing with it." "Try to minimize her fears and insist that she go to the park." "She needs to face her fears head-on; take her to the park as much as possible." "It is best to avoid the playground until she outgrows the fear."
"Acknowledge her fear and help her develop a strategy for dealing with it."
The nurse is preparing a class for a group of adolescents about promoting safety. What would the nurse plan to include as the leading cause of adolescent injuries? Fires Motor vehicles Water Firearms
motor vehicles
The nurse is teaching good sleep habits for toddlers to the mother of a 3-year-old boy. Which response indicates the mother understands sleep requirements for her son? "He needs 12 hours of sleep per day including his nap." "I'll put him to bed at 7 p.m., except Friday and Saturday." "I need to put the side down on the crib so he can get out." "His father can give him a horseback ride into his bed."
"He needs 12 hours of sleep per day including his nap."
The parents of a 5-year-old boy tell the nurse that their son is having frequent episodes of night terrors. Which statement would indicate that the boy is having nightmares instead of night terrors? "He is completely unaware that we are there." "He will tell us about what happened in his dream." "It usually happens about an hour after he falls asleep." "When we try to comfort him, he screams even more."
"He will tell us about what happened in his dream."
The nurse is collecting information from the parents of a 3-year-old child about her sleeping patterns. Which question by the nurse will best elicit information from the parents? "How many hours does your child sleep at night?" "How are things going at home?" "Is your child sleeping well at night?" "What time does your child go to bed at night?"
"How many hours does your child sleep at night?"
The nurse is conducting a routine health assessment of a 3-month-old boy and notices a flat occiput. The nurse provides teaching and emphasizes the importance of tummy time. Which response by the mother indicates a need for further teaching? "I should have him sleep on his tummy." "tummy time" and to remind the mother that the baby should still sleep on his back. The other statements are correct. "His head has flattened due to the pressure of his head position." "I need to watch him during his tummy time." "I need to change his head position while he is in an upright chair."
"I should have him sleep on his tummy."
The nurse is providing teaching about car safety to the parents of a 5-year-old girl who weighs 45 pounds. What should the nurse instruct the parents to do? "Place her in a forward-facing car seat with a harness and top tether." "Place her in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts in the front seat." "Place her in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts in the back seat." "Place her in the back seat with the lap and shoulder belts in place."
"Place her in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts in the back seat."
The mother of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son occasionally wets his pants during the day. How should the nurse respond? "That's normal; don't worry about it." "Is there a family history of diabetes?" "Tell me about the circumstances when this occurs." "Suddenly having accidents can be a sign of diabetes."
"Tell me about the circumstances when this occurs."
During the health history, the mother of a 4-month-old child tells the nurse she is concerned that her baby is not doing what he should be at this age. What is the nurse's best response? "Tell me what concerns you." "I'll be able to tell you more after I do his physical." "Fill out the questionnaire and then I can let you know." "All mothers worry about their babies. I'm sure he's doing well."
"Tell me what concerns you."
The parents of a 4-year-old ask the nurse when their child will be able to differentiate right from wrong and develop morals. What would be the best response of the nurse? "The preschooler has no sense of right and wrong." "The preschooler's morals are their own, right or wrong." "The preschooler is developing a conscience." "The preschooler sees morality as internal to self."
"The preschooler is developing a conscience."
A new mother shows the nurse that her baby grasps her finger when she touches the baby's palm. How might the nurse respond to this information? "This is a primitive reflex known as the palmar grasp." "This is a protective reflex known as rooting." You Answered "This is a primitive reflex known as the plantar grasp." "This is a protective reflex known as the Moro reflex."
"This is a primitive reflex known as the palmar grasp."
The parents of a 2-day-old girl are concerned because her feet and hands are slightly blue. How should the nurse respond? "This is a vasomotor response caused by cooling or warming." "Your daughter has acrocyanosis; this is causing "Let's watch her carefully to make sure she does not have a circulatory problem." "This is normal; her circulatory system will take a few days to adjust."
"This is normal; her circulatory system will take a few days to adjust."
The mother of a 15-month-old child is questioning the nurse about the need for the hepatitis B vaccination. Which comment provides the most compelling reason for the vaccine? "The most common side effect is injection site soreness." "Immunizations are needed to protect the general population." "This is a recombinant or genetically engineered vaccine." "This protects your child from infection that can cause liver disease."
"This protects your child from infection that can cause liver disease."
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 12-year-old boy about appropriate approaches when raising an adolescent. Which comment should be included in the discussion? "Maintain a firm set of rules." "Find out if his friends are worthy of him." "Try to be open to his views." "Remind him that he is still your little boy."
"Try to be open to his views."
The nurse is performing a health history on a 6-year-old boy who is having trouble adjusting to school. Which question would be most likely to elicit valuable information? "Are you happy with your teacher?" "Do you enjoy reading a book?" "What are your new classmates like?" "Do you like your new school?"
"What are your new classmates like?"
After teaching a group of parents about language development in toddlers, what if stated by a member of the group indicates successful teaching? "At age 2 years, my son should be able to understand things like under or on." "When my 3-year-old asks 'Why?' all the time, this is completely normal." "An 18-month-old would most likely use words and gestures to communicate." "A 15-month-old should be able to point to his eyes when asked to do so."
"When my 3-year-old asks 'Why?' all the time, this is completely normal."
The child life specialist (CLS) is preparing a 6-year-old child for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Which statement reflects the use of atraumatic principles when explaining the procedure? "You will be taken to a magnetic resonance imaging machine for an x-ray of your liver." "Let's just get you to the x-ray department for your test and you'll see how simple it is." "You may hear some loud noises when you are lying in the machine, but they won't hurt you." "You have nothing to worry about; the MRI machine is safe and will not cause you any pain."
"You may hear some loud noises when you are lying in the machine, but they won't hurt you."
The nurse is enlisting the parents' assistance for therapeutic hugging prior to an otoscopic examination. What should the nurse emphasize to the parents? "I may need you to leave the room if your son will not remain still." "If you are not capable of this, let me know so I can get some assistance." "If this does not work, we will have to apply restraints." "You will need to keep his hands down and his head still."
"You will need to keep his hands down and his head still."
The mother of an 8-month-old infant questions the nurse about the her daughter's visual abilities. Which information may be included in the response by the nurse? "Your child sees largely in black and white until about 12 months of age." "Most of the time at this age your child will see only singular images." "Your daughter is able to see objects at a distance." "Any crossing of the eyes should be closely observed for as it can signal the need for further testing."
"Your daughter is able to see objects at a distance."
Which child poses the greatest risk for elevated lead levels? 2-year-old child living in a city apartment 2-year-old child living with parents from international adoption 18-month-old child living in a suburban home 10-year-old child lving with his grandparents
2-year-old child living with parents from international adoption
For which children would the nurse conduct an immediate comprehensive health history? A child who is a new client in a pediatric office A child who is a routine client and presents with signs of a sinus infection A child who is brought to the emergency room with labored breathing A child whose condition is improving
A child who is a new client in a pediatric office
The nurse is aware that the community affects the health of its members. Which statements accurately reflect a community influence of health care? Select all that apply. Poverty has not been linked to an increase in health problems in communities. The breakdown of community and family support systems can lead to depression and violence. Community support and resources are necessary for children with significant problems. Ideally, the child's medical home is located outside the community. A community can be a contributor to a child's health or be the cause of his or her illnesses. The child's health should be separated from the health of the surrounding community.
A community can be a contributor to a child's health or be the cause of his or her illnesses. Community support and resources are necessary for children with significant problems. The breakdown of community and family support systems can lead to depression and violence.
A large portion of the nurse's efforts is dedicated to health supervision for children who use the facility as their primary medical contact. At which facility does the nurse work? An urgent care center A pediatric practice A mobile outreach immunization program A dermatology practice
A pediatric practice
The school nurse providing school health screenings knows that the 7- to 11-year-old is in Piaget's stage of concrete operational thoughts. What should this age group accomplish when developing operations? Select all that apply. Ability to think about a problem from all points of view, ranking the possible solutions while solving the problem Ability to use stored memories of past experiences to evaluate and interpret present situations Ability to understand the principle of conservation—that matter does not change when its form changes Ability to see things from another person's point of view and think through an action Ability to think outside of the present and incorporate into thinking concepts that do exist as well as concepts that might exist Ability to assimilate and coordinate information about the world from different dimensions
Ability to use stored memories of past experiences to evaluate and interpret present situations Ability to understand the principle of conservation—that matter does not change when its form changes Ability to see things from another person's point of view and think through an action Ability to assimilate and coordinate information about the world from different dimensions
The school nurse is preparing a program on sexuality and birth control for a class of 14- to 16-year-olds. Which behavior will have the most influence on how the information is presented? Teens are adjusting to new body images. Adolescents understand that actions have consequences. Teenagers are able to think in the abstract. Adolescents tend to take risks.
Adolescents tend to take risks.
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the mother of a 9-month-old girl during a well-baby visit. Which topic would be most appropriate? Cautioning about putting the baby in a walker Warning about putting small objects on the floor Telling about safety procedures during baths Advising how to create a toddler-safe home
Advising how to create a toddler-safe home
The nurse is conducting a health history for a 9-year-old child with stomach pains. What is a recommended guideline when approaching the child for information? Do not make physical contact with the child during the interview. Use quick deliberate gestures to get your point across. Wear a white examination coat when conducting the interview. Allow the child to control the pace and order of the health history.
Allow the child to control the pace and order of the health history.
The nurse is assessing heart rate for children on the pediatric ward. What is a normal finding based on developmental age? A toddler's rate is 150 bpm. A preschooler's rate is 130 bpm. An infant's rate is 90 bpm. A school-age child's rate is 50 bpm.
An infant's rate is 90 bpm.
The nurse is inspecting the genitals of a prepubescent girl. Which is a normal sign of the onset of puberty? Appearance of pubic hair around 11 to 13 years old Swelling or redness of the labia minora Lesions on the external genitalia Presence of labial adhesions
Appearance of pubic hair around 11 to 13 years old
When instructing the parents of a toddler about appropriate nutrition, what would the nurse recommend? Fat intake of 30% to 40% of total calories About 12 to 16 ounces of fruit juice per day Approximately 16 to 24 ounces of milk per day An average of 10 to 12 grams of fiber per day
Approximately 16 to 24 ounces of milk per day
The school nurse is conducting a seminar for parents of adolescents on how to communicate with teenagers. Which guidelines might the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. Ask questions to see why he or she feels that way. Don't pretend you know all the answers. Do not give praise unless the adolescent deserves it. Talk face to face and be aware of body language. Don't admit that you make mistakes. Speak to your child as an authority figure, not an equal.
Ask questions to see why he or she feels that way. Don't pretend you know all the answers. Talk face to face and be aware of body language.
The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply. At 6 months the infant pulls to stand up. At 2 months the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again. At 1 month the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position. At 9 months the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor. At 12 months the infant walks independently. At 7 months the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support.
At 1 month the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position. At 9 months the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor. At 12 months the infant walks independently. At 7 months the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support.
The nurse is providing atraumatic care to children in a hospital setting. What are principles of this philosophy of care? Select all that apply. Avoid or reduce physical distress Provide child-centered care Minimize child control Avoid or reduce painful procedures Use core primary nursing Minimize parent-child interactions
Avoid or reduce physical distress Avoid or reduce painful procedures Use core primary nursing
The school nurse is teaching parents about the effects of bullying on school children. What accurately describes this developmental concern? Children with health issues, such as, disabilities, obesity and food allergies, are at a decreased risk of being bullied. In general, about 20% of all children attending school are frightened and afraid most of the day. Both boys and girls are bullied; boys usually bully boys and use force more often. Children who bully are those who report themselves as being lonely and having difficulty in forming friendships.
Both boys and girls are bullied; boys usually bully boys and use force more often.
The nurse contacts a child life specialist (CLS) to work with children on a pediatric ward. What is the primary goal of the CLS? Perform medical procedures using atraumatic principles. Keep children who are hospitalized distracted from pain. Act as a liaison between the nurse and the child. Decrease anxiety and fear during hospitalization and painful procedure.
Decrease anxiety and fear during hospitalization and painful procedure.
The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a child following a comprehensive health history. What should be the focus of the physical examination? Developmental age The child The parents Chief complaint
Chief Complaint
The nurse is inspecting the fingernails of an 18-month-old girl. What finding indicates chronic hypoxemia? Nails that curve inward Dry, brittle nails Clubbing of the nails Nails that curve outward
Clubbing of the nails
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 9-year-old girl about the socialization that is occurring in their child through school contacts. Which information would the nurse include in her teaching plan? A characteristic of school-age children is their formation of groups with no rules and values involved. Parents should establish norms and standards that signify acceptance or rejection. Continuous peer relationships provide the most important social interaction for school-age children. Teachers are the most influential people in the development of the school-age child's social network.
Continuous peer relationships provide the most important social interaction for school-age children.
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old boy with Ewing sarcoma who is scheduled for a computed axial tomography (CAT) scan tomorrow. Which is the best example of therapeutic communication? Describing what it is like to get a CAT scan using words he understands Using family-familiar words and soft words when possible Telling him he will get a shot when he wakes up tomorrow morning Telling him how cool he looks in his baseball cap and pajamas
Describing what it is like to get a CAT scan using words he understands
The nurse is teaching the student nurse how to communicate effectively with children. Which method would the nurse recommend? Use the medical terms for body parts and medical care. Direct questions and explanations to the child. Position self above the child's level to denote authority. If possible, communicate with the child apart from the parent.
Direct questions and explanations to the child.
The nurse is promoting a healthy diet to guide a mother when feeding her 2-week-old girl. Which is the most effective anticipatory guidance? Substituting cow's milk if breast milk is not available Discouraging the addition of fruit juice to the diet Advocating iron supplements with bottle-feeding Advising fluid intake per feeding of 5 or 6 ounces
Discouraging the addition of fruit juice to the diet
The nurse is providing discharge teaching regarding formula preparation for a new mother. Which guideline would the nurse include in the teaching plan? Warm bottle of formula by placing bottle in a container of hot water, or microwaving formula. Always wash bottles and nipples in hot soapy water and rinse well; do not wash them in the dishwasher. Store tightly covered ready-to-feed formula can after opening in refrigerator for up to 24 hours. Do not add cereal to the formula in the bottle or sweeten the formula with honey.
Do not add cereal to the formula in the bottle or sweeten the formula with honey.
The nurse is assessing the motor skills of a 5-year-old girl. Which finding would cause the nurse to be concerned? Is beginning to tie her own shoelaces Can copy a square on another piece of paper Can dress and undress herself without help Draws a person with three body parts
Draws a person with three body parts
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 2-year-old toddler methods of dealing with their child's "negativism." Based on Erickson's theory of development, what would be an appropriate intervention for this child? Discourage solitary play; encourage playing with other children. Encourage the child to take turns when playing games. Encourage the child to pick out his own clothes. Use "time-outs" whenever the child says "no" inappropriately.
Encourage the child to pick out his own clothes.
The nurse performing a health history on a child asks the parents if their child has experienced increased appetite or thirst. What body system is the nurse assessing with this question? Genitourinary Neurologic Hematologic Endocrine
Endocrine
Based on Erikson's developmental theory, what is the major developmental task of the adolescent? Mastering motor skills Coordinating information Finding an identity Gaining independence
Finding an identity
The nurse is educating the parents of a 7-year-old girl who has just been diagnosed with epilepsy. Which teaching technique would be most appropriate? Discussing the surgical procedure for epilepsy Demonstrating proper seizure safety procedures Giving the parents information in small amounts at a time Assessing the parents' knowledge of the anticonvulsant medications
Giving the parents information in small amounts at a time
The nurse is conducting a psychosocial assessment of a child with asthma brought to the physician's office for a check-up. Which psychosocial issues may be assessed? Select all that apply. Future treatment plans Past medical history Health maintenance needs Health insurance coverage Transportation to health care facilities School's response to the chronic illness
Health insurance coverage Transportation to health care facilities School's response to the chronic illness
The nurse is incorporating nonverbal communication with verbal communication when explaining the treatment plan for a child with juvenile diabetes. What should the nurse do to communicate effectively with this family? Sit opposite the family and lean forward slightly. Relax; maintain an open posture, with the arms crossed. Speak a verbal yes or no; do not use head nods. Use eye contact sparingly to avoid embarrassment.
Sit opposite the family and lean forward slightly.
A 2-week-old child responds to a bell during an initial health supervision examination. The child's records do not show that a newborn hearing screening was done. Which is the best action for the nurse to take? Immediately schedule the infant for a newborn hearing screening. Ask the mother to observe for signs that the infant is not hearing well. Screen again with the bell at the 2-month-old health supervision visit. Do nothing because responding to the bell proves he does not have a hearing deficit.
Immediately schedule the infant for a newborn hearing screening.
The nurse is teaching the student nurse how to perform a physical assessment based on the child's developmental stage. Which statement accurately describes a recommended guideline for setting the tone of the examination for a school-age child? Speak to the child using mature language and appeal to his or her desire for self-care. Address the child by name; speak to the caregiver and do the most invasive parts last. Include the child in all parts of the examination; speak to the caregiver before and after the examination. Keep up a running dialogue with the caregiver, explaining each step as you do it.
Include the child in all parts of the examination; speak to the caregiver before and after the examination.
The nurse is performing a cultural assessment of an Asian family that has a child hospitalized for leukemia. What is the best technique for providing culturally competent care for this family? Ask other Asians to explain their culture. Research the culture and base care on findings. Hire an interpreter to explain the family culture. Just ask the family about their culture and listen.
Just ask the family about their culture and listen.
The nurse is assessing the neck of an 8-year-old child with Down syndrome. Which finding would the nurse expect during the examination? Lax neck skin Shortened neck Webbing Excessive neck skin
Lax neck skin
The nurse in a community clinic is caring for a 6-month-old boy and his mother. Which intervention is the priority to promote adequate growth? Encouraging a more frequent feeding schedule Monitoring the child's weight and height Assessing the child's current feeding pattern Recommending higher-calorie solid foods
Monitoring the child's weight and height
The nurse is caring for a child who is scheduled to begin chemotherapy. When planning education for the parents, what action by the nurse is most correct? Obtain a large classroom to allow the nurse to stand at the front and present information. Provide written information to the family and allow them to review it, with instructions to contact the nurse if there are additional questions. Provide a video of information to the family, with instructions to contact the nurse if there are additional questions. Obtain a small conference room and arrange the chairs in a circle for both the nurse and family members to sit.
Obtain a small conference room and arrange the chairs in a circle for both the nurse and family members to sit.
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to an obese teenager. Which intervention would be most likely to promote healthy weight in teenagers? Obtain nutritional histories directly from the school-age child and adolescent. Begin directly advising children about their weight at age 6. Make the focus of the program weight centered. You Answered Focus physical activity on competitive sports and activities.
Obtain nutritional histories directly from the school-age child and adolescent.
The nurse is using verbal skills to explain the nursing care plan to parents of a 10-year-old child with cancer. What describes a guideline the nurse should follow to provide appropriate verbal communication? Use closed-ended questions that do not restrict the child's or parent's answers. Paraphrase the child's or parent's feelings to demonstrate empathy. Allow the focus to change without redirecting the conversation. Restate the child's and parent's comments in your own words.
Paraphrase the child's or parent's feelings to demonstrate empathy.
The nurse is explaining the difference between active and passive immunity to the student nurse. Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of the process of immunity? Passive immunity is acquired when a person's own immune system generates the immune response. Active immunity can be transferred from mothers to infants via colostrum or the placenta. Passive immunity can be obtained by injection of exogenous immunoglobulins. Active immunity is produced when the immunoglobulins of one person are transferred to another.
Passive immunity can be obtained by injection of exogenous immunoglobulins.
The nurse is promoting learning and school attendance to a 13-year-old girl. Which factor will affect the child's attitude most? Desire for attention from boys Peer group behaviors and attitudes Her parents' values and desires The dramatic changes to her body
Peer group behaviors and attitudes
When providing anticipatory guidance to a group of parents with school-aged children, what would the nurse describe as the most important aspect of social interaction? Family Peer relationships Temperament School
Peer relationships
What feeding practice used by the parents of an 8-month-old should the nurse discourage? Giving the child soft table food and finger foods Placing all liquids given the child in a "no spill" sippy cup Continuing to offer foods the child rejects Including the infant at family meals in her high chair
Placing all liquids given the child in a "no spill" sippy cup
A mother and her 4-week-old infant have arrived for a health maintenance visit. Which activity will the nurse perform? Take a health history for a minor injury Assess the child for an upper respiratory infection Plot the child's head circumference on a growth chart Administer a varicella injection
Plot the child's head circumference on a growth chart
The nurse is counseling parents of a picky eater on how to promote healthy eating habits in their child. Which intervention would be appropriate advice? Offer the child a special treat if he or she eats all the food on the plate. Present the food matter-of-factly and allow the child to choose what to eat. Allow the child to pick out his or her own foods for meals. Offer high-fat snacks if the child does not eat to get them to eat something.
Present the food matter-of-factly and allow the child to choose what to eat.
The nurse teaches parents of adolescents that adolescents need the support of parents and nurses to facilitate healthy lifestyles. What should be a priority focus of this guidance? Reducing risk-taking behavior Promoting adequate physical growth Maximizing learning potential Teaching personal hygiene routines
Reducing risk-taking behavior
The nurse is teaching the parents of an overweight 18-month-old girl about diet. Which intervention will be most effective for promoting proportionate growth? Ensure 30 minutes of unstructured activity per day. Reduce the amount of high-fat food the child eats. Avoid sharing your snacks and candy with the child. Remove high-calorie, low-nutrient foods from the diet.
Remove high-calorie, low-nutrient foods from the diet.
The nurse is measuring the blood pressure of a 12-year-old boy with an oscillometric (automatic) device. The boy's reading is greater than the 90th percentile for gender and height. What is the appropriate nursing action? Repeat the blood pressure reading using auscultation. The nurse should repeat the reading using auscultation. The nurse should not use the Doppler ultrasound method in this circumstance. The nurse would only measure the blood pressure in all four extremities with a child presenting with cardiac complaints. Measure the blood pressure in all four extremities. Measure the blood pressure with a Doppler. Repeat the reading with the oscillometric device.
Repeat the blood pressure reading using auscultation.
The mother of a 7-year-old girl tells the school nurse that her child is deathly afraid of going to school. What would be the best intervention the nurse could suggest in this situation? Tell the child that privileges will be taken away if she does not return to school. Return the child to school and investigate the cause of the fear. school until any issues causing this fear are resolved. Investigate a new school for the child to attend that the child will not be afraid of.
Return the child to school and investigate the cause of the fear.
The nurse is explaining to parents that the preschooler's developmental task is focused on the development of initiative rather than guilt. What is a priority intervention the nurse might recommend for parents of preschoolers to stimulate initiative? Change the routine of the preschooler often to stimulate initiative. As a parent, decide how and with whom the child will play. Reward the child for initiative in order to build self-esteem. Do not set limits on the preschooler's behavior as this results in low self-esteem.
Reward the child for initiative in order to build self-esteem.
The nurse is examining a 15-month-old child who was able to walk at the last visit and now can no longer walk. What would be the nurse's best intervention in this case? Ask the parents if they have changed the child's schedule to a less active one. Note the regression in the child's chart and recheck in another month. Document the findings as a developmental delay since this is a normal occurrence. Schedule a full evaluation since this may indicate a neurologic disorder
Schedule a full evaluation since this may indicate a neurologic disorder
The nurse is examining a 2-year-old child who was adopted from Guatemala. What would be a priority screening for this child? Screening for childhood illnesses Screening for infectious diseases Screening for abuse Screening for congenital defects
Screening for infectious diseases
The pediatric nurse is planning quiet activities for hospitalized 18-month-old. What would be an appropriate activity for this age group? Putting shapes into appropriate holes Painting by number Stacking blocks Using crayons to color in a coloring book
Stacking blocks
A mother brings her 6-year-old son in for a check-up because the child is reporting stomachaches. It is the beginning of the school year. What might the mother also mention? The child loves the crowds in the lunchroom. The child fights with siblings more often. The child made friends the first day of school. The child cries before going to school.
The child cries before going to school.
Which would be least effective in gaining the cooperation of a toddler during a physical examination? Allow the child to touch and hold the equipment when possible. Offer immediate praise for holding still or doing what was asked. Tell the child that another child the same age wasn't afraid. Permit the child to sit on the parent's lap during the examination.
Tell the child that another child the same age wasn't afraid.
The nurse is providing guidance after observing a mother interact with her negative 2-year-old boy. For which interaction will the nurse advise the mother that she is handling the negativism properly? Asking the child if he would please quit throwing toys Telling the child firmly that we don't scream in the office Saying, "Please come over here and sit in this chair. OK?" Telling the child to stop tearing pages from magazines
Telling the child firmly that we don't scream in the office
The nurse explains to parents of school-age children that according to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, their child is at the conventional stage of moral development. What is the motivation for school-age children to follow rules? They follow rules in order to receive praise from caretakers. They follow rules because it is in their nature to do so. They follow rules out of fear of being punished. They follow rules out of a sense of being a "good person."
They follow rules out of a sense of being a "good person."
The nurse knows that the school-age child is in Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority. Which best exemplifies a school-ager working toward accomplishing this developmental task? The child becomes aware of the opposite sex. The child is developing a conscience. The child performs his bedtime preparations autonomously. The child signs up for after-school activities.
The child signs up for after-school activities.
The nurse uses family-centered care to care for children in a pediatric office. Upon what concept is family-centered care based? The wishes of the family should direct the nursing care plan for the child. The child must be prepared to be his or her own source of strength during times of crisis. The care provider is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength. The family is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength.
The family is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength.
The nurse is teaching a new mother about the development of sensory skills in her newborn. What would alert the mother to a sensory deficit in her child? The newborn's eyes wander and occasionally are crossed. The newborn does not respond to a loud noise. The newborn's eyes focus on near objects. The newborn becomes more alert with stroking when drowsy.
The newborn does not respond to a loud noise.
The nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 13-year-old client who is being treated for burns received two weeks ago. The client prefers not to take pain medication before the dressing change because it causes drowsiness. What nursing interventions would provide atraumatic care? Select all that apply. The nurse encourages the parent to talk to the child about taking pain medication prior to the procedure. The nurse asks the client if a small group of nursing students can observe the dressing change. The nurse encourages the client to wear headphones to listen to music during the dressing change. The nurse tells the client that the dressing change will not be performed unless pain medication is taken. The nurse asks the client if he would like the television on during th dressing change.
The nurse encourages the client to wear headphones to listen to music during the dressing change. The nurse asks the client if he would like the television on during th dressing change.
The pediatric nurse is aware of the maturation of organ systems in the school-age child. What accurately describes these changes? Select all that apply. The school-age child's blood pressure increases and the pulse rate decreases, and the heart grows more slowly during the middle years. Prepubescence typically occurs in the 2 years before the beginning of puberty and is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Respiratory rates decrease, abdominal breathing disappears, and respirations become diaphragmatic in nature. Bladder capacity increases, but varies among individual children, and girls generally have a greater bladder capacity than boys. The brain grows very slowly during the school-age years and growth is complete by the time the child is 12 years of age. The school-age child experiences more gastrointestinal upsets compared with earlier years since the stomach capacity increases.
The school-age child's blood pressure increases and the pulse rate decreases, and the heart grows more slowly during the middle years. Prepubescence typically occurs in the 2 years before the beginning of puberty and is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Respiratory rates decrease, abdominal breathing disappears, and respirations become diaphragmatic in nature. Bladder capacity increases, but varies among individual children, and girls generally have a greater bladder capacity than boys.
The nurse is testing the sensory development of a toddler brought to the clinic for a well visit. What might alert the nurse to a potential problem with the child's sensory development? The toddler does not respond to commands whispered in his ear. The toddler's taste discrimination is not at adult levels yet. The toddler's vision tests at 20/50 in both eyes. The toddler places the nurse's stethoscope in his mouth.
The toddler does not respond to commands whispered in his ear.
The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a 3-year-old girl. What finding would be a concern for the nurse? The toddler's anterior fontanel is not fully closed. The toddler gained 3 inches in height since last year. The toddler gained 4 pounds in weight since last year. The circumference of the child's head increased 1 inch since last year.
The toddler's anterior fontanel is not fully closed.
The nurse emphasizes that a toddler younger than the age of 18 months should never be spanked primarily for which reason? There is an increased risk for physical injury in this age group. The child will become resentful and angry, leading to more outbursts. Spanking in a child this age predisposes the child to a pro-violence attitude. Spanking demonstrates a poor model for problem-solving skills
There is an increased risk for physical injury in this age group.
A nurse is assessing the fontanels of a crying newborn and notes that the posterior fontanel pulsates and briefly bulges. What do these findings indicate? Dehydration These are normal findings. Increased intracranial pressure Overhydration
These are normal findings
The parents of a preschooler express concern to the nurse about their son's new habit of masturbating. What is an appropriate response to this concern? Treat the action in a matter-of-fact manner emphasizing safety. Consult a psychotherapist to determine the reason for this behavior. When the child displays this behavior, place him in a "time-out." Tell the child in a firm manner that this behavior is not acceptable.
Treat the action in a matter-of-fact manner emphasizing safety.
The nurse is questioning the parents of a 2-year-old child to obtain a functional history. Which topics might the nurse include? Select all that apply. The child's race and ethnicity Prenatal and perinatal history Use of car seats and other safety measures The child's toileting habits Use of supplements and vitamins Problems with growth and development
Use of car seats and other safety measures The childs toileting habits Use of supplemental vitamins
The adolescent continues to develop self-concept and self-esteem. What is most important to a teen's self-esteem? Spirituality Strong authority figures Morals and values Body image
body image
The nurse has completed diabetic education regarding insulin administration to a 14-year-old child newly diagnosed with diabetes and his family. The nurses knows the teaching was effective if the client and family: indicate that they understand proper nutrition for a person with diabetes. can list appropriate sites for insulin administration. have demonstrated correct insulin administration over the past several days. state that they understand hypoglycemic reaction signs and symptoms.
have demonstrated correct insulin administration over the past several days.
A mother brings her 3-year-old daughter to the emergency department because the child has been vomiting and having diarrhea for the past 36 hours. When assessing this child's temperature, which method would be least appropriate? Axillary Tympanic Rectal Oral
rectal
The nurse is preparing a child and his family for a lumbar puncture. Which would be a primary intervention instituted to keep the child safe? Stimulation methods Distraction methods Therapeutic touch Therapeutic hugging
therapeutic hugging