Peds: Quizzes (Chiang)
Match each of the following full coverage restorative options with the most appropriate description/characteristic: Takes a long time to complete since it is a to two-step procedure
Open faced stainless steel crown
Match each of the following full coverage restorative options with the most appropriate description/characteristic: Indicated when esthetics are desired, but gingival hemorrhage cannot be controlled
Prefabricated/preveneered stainless steel crown
Based on duration of action, which of the following local anesthetics might decrease the risk of soft tissue injury? a. 2% Lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine b. 4% Articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine c. 4% Prilocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine d. 0.5% Bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrin
2% Lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine
Which needle size is the best choice when needle deflection is not an issue (ie local infiltration)? a. 23-gauge b. 25-gauge c. 27-gauge d. 30-gauge
30-gauge
Which patient is the least appropriate case for use of protective stabilization? a. 2 year old child for extraction of a fractured maxillary incisor b. 6 year old combative child for sealants c. 8 year old child with cerebral palsy for scaling d. 11 year old child with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder for periodic oral exam
6 year old combative child for sealants
Direct pulp capping of a carious exposure in primary teeth is currently not recommended. All of the following are reasons that direct pulp capping of carious exposures in the primary dentition is not recommended (select all that apply): *a. Direct pulp capping of a primary tooth often leads to internal root resorption* *b. Direct pulp capping of a primary tooth often leads to an acute dento-alveolar abscess* c. Direct pulp capping of a primary tooth often leads to micro abscesses adjacent to exposure site d. Direct pulp capping of a primary tooth often leads to over-retention of the toot
A and B
When performing indirect pulp therapy for primary teeth, the ultimate objective of the treatment is to maintain pulp vitality, by... (select all that apply): *a. Arresting the carious process, and remineralizing the carious dentin* b. Providing a temporary filling, while allowing for additional decay removal at a later date *c. Promoting dentin sclerosis, and stimulating the formation of tertiary dentin* d. Heal the wound and maintain the vitality of the pulp
A and C
In which situation is use of a rubber dam *not an advantage* over an alternative system? a. A child who doesn't like to have his/her space invaded b. A child at risk of foreign body aspiration c. A child with excessive salivary flow d. A child who has difficulty breathing through his/her nose
A child who has difficulty breathing through his/her nose
A six year-old patient presents to your office with a chief complaint of moderate discomfort three days ago associated with teeth #I and #J. The discomfort was alleviated with vigorous brushing and more thorough oral hygiene practices. The patient is currently asymptomatic. Which of the following diagnostic tools will be most helpful in determining the diagnosis for tooth #I and tooth #J? Choose all that apply. a. Evaluate for palpation sensitivity b. Evaluate for percussion sensitivity c. Evaluate for increased mobility d. Evaluate with electric pulp test
A, B, C
Which of the following is considered by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry as qualification(s) for an individual to use advanced behavior guidance techniques? (check as many as apply) a. Advanced pediatric dental training b. Advanced education in general dentistry c. Didactic and experiential mentored training d. Self-directed learning
A, B, and C
Which of the following preparation design features can *reduce stress within the class II amalgam* preparation? a.) Beveled or rounded *axiogingival* line angle b.) Retention grooves placed within the buccal and lingual walls of the proximal box c.) The pulpal floor depth less than 1mm d.) Beveled or rounded *axiopulpal* line angle
Beveled or rounded *axiopulpal* line angle
What is the preferred radiograph for diagnosing interradicular (furcation) radiolucencies?
Bitewing
Which of the following is NOT associated with a higher prevalence of caries in the mixed dentition? a. Presence of pit and fissure caries in the primary dentition b. Presence of proximal caries in the primary dentition c. Caries free primary dentition d. Lower socioeconomic status
Caries free primary dentition
According to the reading from Casamassimo, which of the following restorations for the primary anterior dentition *requires superior control of gingival hemorrhage?* a. Composite strip crowns b. Stainless steel crowns c. Open-faced stainless steel crowns d.Preveneered/Prefabricated stainless steel crowns
Composite strip crowns
In which situation is an alternative isolation system like *Isolite superior to a rubber dam?* a. Continuous evacuation desired b. Reduction of mouth breathing desired c. Reduction of talking desired d. Retraction of gingival tissues desired
Continuous evacuation desired
Which dentin-penetrating radiographic lesion may still considered "initial"?: a. E1 b. E2 c. D1 d. D2
D1
Which of the following describes the gingival margin of the stainless steel crown preparation for the primary molar? a. Beveled margin b. Feather-edge margin c. Chamfer margin d. Shoulder margin
Feather-edge margin
Which sealant material has the greatest wear resistance? a. Filled resin-based sealants b. Glass ionomer sealants c. Polyacid-Modified Resin Composites d. Unfilled resin-based sealants
Filled resin-based sealants
Which highly successful medicament for the pulpotomy is most controversial? a. Formocresol b. Glutaraldehyde c. MTA d. Sodium hypochlorite
Formocresol
Based on the mechanism of action, nitrous oxide should be most effective in the... a. Emotionally compromised child b. Shy introverted child c. Frightened child d. Child who is averse to authority
Frightened child
In which of the following conditions is the use of epinephrine in local anesthetic injection clearly contraindicated? a. Cardiovascular disease b. Diabetes c. Hyperthyroidism d. Sulfite sensitivity
Hyperthyroidism
A pit and fissure caries lesion that is *"unlikely" to include infected dentin* can be classified as: a. Advanced b. Initial c. Moderate d. Sound
Initial
Which type of resorption indicates inflammation of a *vital* pulp?
Internal root resorption
Infancy to Adolescence discusses reasons why sealants on primary teeth are not common. Which reason is no longer valid when practicing quadrant-based dentistry?
Moisture control
Which radiograph is utilized during pulpal diagnosis to visualize the root apex?
PA
The reading on Local Anesthesia in the McDonald and Avery text discussed general concepts regarding the administration of local anesthetic in children. Which of the following is most accurate statement? a. Local anesthetic is contraindicated in very young children (less than 3 years of age) b. Local anesthetic is unnecessary for rubber dam clamp placement c. Pain control is essential part of a positive treatment experience d. Responses to local anesthetic injection generally improve over the course of treatment
Pain control is essential part of a positive treatment experience
Which is the LEAST frequently used option for full coverage of primary molars a. Pretrimmed crowns (Unitek stainless steel crowns) b. Precontoured crowns (Ion 3M ESPE stainless steel crowns c. Zirconia ceramic crowns d. Posterior composite strip crowns
Posterior composite strip crowns
Which general principle about resin-based composites makes composite a more desirable material than amalgam for restoring a small interproximal lesion in a primary first molar? a. Placement is highly technique sensitive b. Preparations are more conservative c. Composite bonds to tooth structure d. Some composites are subject to occlusal wear
Preparations are more conservative
Which step comes last in a preparation for a class II amalgam restoration? a. Place a wooden wedge in the inter proximal contact b. Place the rubber dam c. Prepare the occlusal outline form d. Prepare the proximal box
Prepare the proximal box
Which of the following does NOT complicate the interpretation of radiographs in children? a. Larger bone marrow spaces b. Progressively enlarging maxillary sinuses c. Superimposition of developing tooth buds d. Normal resorption patterns of teeth
Progressively enlarging maxillary sinuses
Which material is most frequently used for *intracoronal restorations* in primary teeth? a. Amalgam b. Compomer c. Resin-based composite d. Resin-modified glass ionomer
Resin-based composite
Match each of the following full coverage restorative options with the most appropriate description/characteristic: Very good esthetics initially, but may discolor over time
Resin-based composite strip crown
Define "active immobilization"
Restraint of the patient by another person, such as the dentist or parent.
Which of the following is considered a *disadvantage of amalgam* as a restorative material for primary molars? a. Need for repairs b. Recurrent decay c. Susceptibility to fracture d. Wear rate
Susceptibility to fracture
Which of the following are recommended for the proximal box preparation for *both amalgam and resin-based composite?* a. ) The buccal and lingual walls should create a 90 degree angle with the gingival floor b. ) The buccal, lingual, and gingival walls should all clear the adjacent tooth enough to pass an explorer c.) The gingival wall should include a gingival bevel d.) The proximal box should be broader at the cervical portion than at the occlusal portion
The proximal box should be broader at the cervical portion than at the occlusal portion
Stainless steel crowns are LEAST indicated in which of the following situations? a. Tooth #K with a large carious lesion involving mesial, occlusal, and buccal surfaces b. Tooth #S with an occlusal carious lesion confined to the occlusal table c. Tooth #B in a child with dentinogenesis imperfecta, a distal carious lesion and occlusal wear d. Tooth #J with a small dentin-penetrating mesial carious lesion and a small dentin-penetrating distal carious lesion
Tooth #S with an occlusal carious lesion confined to the occlusal table
T or F: Sealants continue to be important in reducing caries experience because fluoride is less effective in pit and fissure lesions than in smooth surface lesions
True
Which of the following restoration types uses the greatest number of procedural steps due to the materials used? a. Type I CAR/PRR b. Type 2 CAR/PRR c. Type 3 CAR/PRR d. Traditional Class I composite
Type 3 CAR/PRR
Describe the ideal pulpal floor depth for a *class I amalgam* in a primary tooth a. 1.25 mm b. 1/3 the occlusal pulpal distance c. 0.5 mm into dentin d. As conservative as possible
0.5 mm into dentin
Which of the following represents the amount of occlusal reduction necessary for a stainless steel crown? a. 0.5-1mm b. 1-1.5mm c. 1.5-2mm d. 2-2.5mm
1-1.5mm
Which ICDAS notation in a primary incisor is almost certain to be best treated with a full coverage option? a. ICDAS 0 b. ICDAS 2 c. ICDAS 4 d. ICDAS 6
ICDAS 6
Which of the following is NOT considered an advanced behavior guidance technique? a. General anesthesia b. Nitrous Oxide c. Oral Conscious Sedation d. Protective Stabilization
Nitrous Oxide
What is most unique about the Hall technique? a. No tooth preparation takes place b. Local infiltration with local anesthesia is sufficient c. Only infected dentin must be removed d. It is an interim approach for young uncooperative children
No tooth preparation takes place
Local anesthetic toxicity... a. increases in risk with the use of vasoconstrictor b. is associated with the use of prilocaine and benzocaine c. occurs when weight-based maximum dosage is exceeded d. is related to the patient's heightened capacity to react
Occurs when weight-based maximum dosage is exceeded
According to the reading from McDonald-Avery-Dean, all of the following represent true statements regarding caries progression and remineralization, EXCEPT which ONE? a. The outer surface of enamel is more resistant to demineralization than the inner surface of enamel b. Demineralization of the inner surface of enamel results in an incipient, sub-surface lesion c. The greatest amount of demineralization occurs 10-15um below the enamel surface d. Once demineralization has reached the inner surface of enamel, remineralization is no longer possible
Once demineralization has reached the inner surface of enamel, remineralization is no longer possible
When preventive therapies and close monitoring of enamel lesions are pursued rather than definitive restoration, this is known as.. a. Active surveillance b. Caries-risk assessment c. Malpractice d. Self-management goals
Active surveillance
According to the reading from "Infancy through Adolescence", which of the following elements can be used to increase retention in a Class III restoration in a primary incisor or canine? a. Addition of a lingual or labial dovetail b. Beveling of the cavosurface margin c. Reducing the entire facial surface and veneering with composite d. All of the above
All of the above
Which lesion is most appropriately restored with a *class II resin-based composite* restoration? a.) #L distal surface, approximal origin, initial extent, active b. )#M distal surface, approximal origin, moderate extent, active c. )#K occlusal surface, pit and fissure origin, moderate extent, inactive d.) #J lingual surface, pit and fissure origin, initial extent, inactive
#L distal surface, approximal origin, initial extent, active
A stainless steel crown is most appropriate for a lesion classified (with the ADA CCS) as... a. #K mesial surface, approximal origin, moderate, inactive b. #L distal surface, approximal origin, moderate, inactive c. #K mesial and distal surfaces, approximal origin, moderate, inactive d. #L mesial and distal surfaces, approximal origin, moderate, inactive
#L mesial and distal surfaces, approximal origin, moderate, inactive
An initial pit and fissure caries lesion has a ____% chance of showing histologic signs of dentin penetration. a. 0-50% b. 50-88% c. 88-100% d. 100%
0-50%
For which age group are alternatives to definitive restoration most highly recommended for the high risk child with a unengaged parents? a. 1-2 year old b. 3-5 year old c. 6-12 year old d. Adolescent
1-2 year old
According to the reading from "Infancy through Adolescence", what are the steps for the Class III composite restoration in the correct order?
1. Clean and dry the preparation with water and compressed air 2. Place a a plastic or metal sectional matrix between the prepared and unprepared teeth 3. Acid etch the preparation 15-20 seconds, starting with the enamel and then the denti 4. Place dentin bonding agent into the preparation with a small brush 5. Gently blow compressed air into the preparation to thin the bonding agent over enamel and dentin 6. Polymerize (light cure) the bonding agent 7. Place the composite into the preparation, and pull the matrix tightly around the cavity preparation 8. Hold the matrix tightly while removing excess composite and then polymerize (light cure)
How much incisal reduction is required for a resin-based composite strip crown preparation? a. 0.5 mm b. 1 mm c. 1.5 mm d. 2 mm
1.5 mm
For which feature of the Class II adhesive restoration preparation design does "experience" override published recommendations? a. Moisture control is a must for resin-based composite restorations b. The preparation should be limited to the carious region c. A small dovetail or cavosurface margin bevel can improve retention d. Extending proximal line angles into "self-cleansing" ares is not necessary
A small dovetail or cavosurface margin bevel can improve retention
Which local anesthetic agent can be used for local infiltration in the mandible to avoid the more uncomfortable inferior alveolar nerve block? a. Articaine b. Bupivacaine c. Mepivacaine d. Prilocaine
Articaine
Which of the following clinical scenarios has the strongest indication for full coronal coverage of a carious primary maxillary incisor? a. An enamel limited lesion along the gingival margin of the facial surface of tooth #E b. Cavitated carious lesions that penetrate to the DEJ on the mesial and distal surfaces of tooth #E c. A dentin penetrating carious lesion limited to the lingual surface of tooth #E d. A carious lesion just barely contacting the DEJ on the mesial surface of tooth #E
Cavitated carious lesions that penetrate to the DEJ on the mesial and distal surfaces of tooth #E
hen seating a crown, gingival blanching suggests the following problem... a. Insufficient occlusal reduction b. A gingival proximal ledge c. Crown margin is too long d. Crown size is too small
Crown margin is too long
Which of the following would be the most appropriate diagnosis for a four year old child with carious lesions only on the mesial surfaces of #E and #F? a. ECC (Early Childhood Caries) b. S-ECC (Severe-Early Childhood Caries) c. Nursing pattern caries d. Baby bottle tooth decay
ECC
Which type of resorption indicates a *non-vital pulp* with extensive localized inflammation?
External root resorption
In a very young patient, therapeutic interventions like interim therapeutic restorations (ITR) and fluoride varnish should be considered as alternatives for... a. General anesthesia b. Nitrous oxide c. Oral conscious sedation d. Protective stabilization
General anesthesia
Which of the following walls should NOT break contact with the adjacent tooth in the ideal Class III preparation for the primary incisors and canines? a. Gingival wall b. Incisal wall c. Labial wall for lingual access or Lingual wall for labial access d. All walls must break contact
Incisal wall
Which pulp therapy is preferred for a primary tooth with decay that is diagnosed with a normal pulp or reversible pulpitis? a. Protective liner b. Indirect pulp therapy c. Direct pulp cap d. Pulpotomy
Indirect pulp therapy
According to the reading from McDonald-Avery-Dean, all of the following statements about dental caries are correct, EXCEPT: a. The earlier the colonization of S. mutans in the mouths of children the higher the caries prevalence at age 4 b. Infectivity with S. mutans requires the prevalence of at least one tooth for bacterial adherence c. S. mutans is often transmitted orally from mother to infant, and this type of transmission is considered vertical transmission d. Decreasing the amount of S. mutans in mothers can delay S. mutans colonization in their children
Infectivity with S. mutans requires the prevalence of at least one tooth for bacterial adherence
According to the reading from Casamassimo, which of the following is *NOT a principle of Alternative Restorative Treatment* (aka Interim Therapeutic Restoration): a. Decay removal is often completed with hand instrumentation b. Restoration is completed with fluoride-releasing adhesive materials, such as glass ionomer c. Local anesthetic is still necessary as many lesions are dentin penetrating d. Treatment can be carried out in young children in the knee-to-knee position
Local anesthetic is still necessary as many lesions are dentin penetrating
Which anesthesia type is least likely to be used if the permanent molar is not included in treatment? a. Inferior alveolar nerve block b. Lingual nerve block c. Long buccal nerve block d. Infiltration anesthesia (local infiltration)
Long buccal nerve block
Which of the following is an indirect predictor of increased caries risk? a. Bottle use (with milk) at night b. Low socioeconomic status c. Plaque accumulation d. Presence of Strep Mutans
Low socioeconomic status
According to the reading from McDonald-Avery-Dean, ALL of the following represent those teeth most commonly involved in the pattern of Severe-Early Childhood Caries, EXCEPT which teeth? a. Maxillary incisors b. Mandibular incisors c. Maxillary first primary molars d. Mandibular first primary molars
Mandibular incisors
Which of the following primary molars have *transverse or oblique ridges* that ideally should not be crossed when preparing a class I or class II amalgam preparation? Select all that apply. a. Maxillary primary first molar b. Mandibular primary second molar c. Maxillary primary second molar d. Mandibular primary first molar
Maxillary primary second molar AND Mandibular primary first molar
Which of the following behavior guidance techniques has protection of dentist or staff from injury as an objective? a. General anesthesia b. Nitrous oxide c. Oral conscious sedation d. Protective stabilization
Protective stabilization
Primary incisors have ______________ than permanent incisors (check all that apply) a. Relatively smaller size of the pulp chamber b. Relatively larger size of the pulp chamber c. Greater enamel thickness d. Lesser enamel thickness
Relatively larger size of the pulp chamber and lesser enamel thickness
Convergence of the buccal and lingual walls of the proximal box, increases the _________ of the class II amalgam restoration a. Convenience form b. Retention form c. Resistance form d. Outline form
Retention form
Match each of the following full coverage restorative options with the most appropriate description/characteristic: Indicated for severely decayed teeth in a child without the ability to cooperate = _________________
SSC
Which of the following treatment options are recommended for a primary mandibular first molar with small dentin-penetrating cavitations in the mesial and distal surfaces? a. Separate mesial and distal slot preps restored with composite b. Separate DO and MO composites c. MOD amalgam d. MOD composite e. Stainless Steel Crown
SSC
Which restoration is the most durable choice for large interproximal carious lesions in the preschool aged child? a. Stainless steel crown (SSC) b. Class II composite c. Class II amalgam d. Class II glass ionomer
SSC
Select the TWO primary goals of the SMART combined approach a. Seal off the lesion from the oral environment b. Activate an antimicrobial effect c. Remineralize the infected tissue d. Replace damaged tooth structure
Seal off the lesion from the oral environment and activate an antimicrobial effect
Which preventive measure is LEAST effective at reducing *interproximal caries lesions* a. Sealants b. Antimicrobials c. Optimally fluoridated water d. Professionally applied topical fluorides
Sealants
Which of the following general statements about restorations is most accurate? a. Stainless steel crowns are an alternative to class II restorations for broken down teeth b. Stainless steel crowns have greater longevity than class II restorations c. Stainless steel crowns have multiple esthetic variants d. Pretrimmed stainless steel crowns are the most popular variant
Stainless steel crowns have greater longevity than class II restorations
Which matrix system requires no special equipment? a. Sectional matrix system b. Tofflemire matrix c. Automatrix d. T-band
T-band
Which of the following is an appropriate guideline for the dovetail in the Class III preparation for a primary canine or primary incisor? a. The dovetail can be placed on the lingual or labial surface b. The dovetail should be in the gingival third of the tooth c. The dovetail should extend two-thirds of the width of the tooth d. The dovetail should minimally be 1mm deep pulpally
The dovetail can be placed on the lingual or labial surface
