Penny Chapter 25 - The Fetal Face and Neck
an oral teratoma is referred to as
!!! b. epignathus
an absent or hypoplastic nasal bone is most likely associated with
a. trisomy 21
an unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed
d. macroglossia
an increased nuchal fold is most likely associated with
!!! b. trisomy 21
which of the following may also be referred to as Turner syndrome? a. Down syndrome b. trisomy 15 c. trisomy 13 d. monosomy X
!!! d. monosomy X
the thickness of the nuchal fold in the second trimester should not exceed
b. 6mm
the fetal lip typically closes by
b. 8 weeks
the measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the orbits is referred to as the
b. binocular diameter
an increase distance between the orbits is referred to as
b. hypertelorism
which of the following conditions does not affect the orbits? a. cebocephaly b. cyclopia c. ethmocephaly d. epignathus
d. epignathus
micrognathia is a condition found in
d. trisomy 18
all of the following are sonograhic features of holoprosencephaly except: a. cystic hygroma b. proboscis with cyclopia c. fused thalamus d. monoventricle
!!! a. cystic hygroma
the condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating two close-set orbits is
!!! a. ethmocephaly
which of the following is a benign congenital neck cyst found most often near the angle of the mandible: a. epignathus b. branchial cleft cyst c. thyroglossal duct cyst d. fetal goiter
!!! b. brachial cleft cyst
a reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as
d. hypotelorism
the most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated with holoprosencephaly is
d. trisomy 13
which of the following is also referred to as Patau syndrome? a. trisomy 18 b. trisomy 21 c. trisomy 12 d. trisomy 13
d. trisomy 13
a group of abnomalities associated with the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is
d. amniotic band syndrome
a cystic hygroma is the result of
d. an abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue
the absence of the eyes is termed
d. anophthalmia
which of the following is also referred to as trisomy 21? a. Edwards syndrome b. Patau syndrome c. Meckel-Gruber syndrome d. Down syndrome
d. down syndrome
at what level is the nuchal fold measurement obtained
a. cavum septum pellucidum
close-set eyes and a nose with a single nostril is termed
a. cebocephaly
the isolated enlargement of the fetal thyroid is referred to as
a. fetal goiter
facial anomalies, when discovered, should prompt the sonographer to analyze the brain closely for signs of
a. holoprosencephaly
fusion of the orbits is termed
c. cyclopia
nuchal thickening is most commonly associated with: a. Patau syndrome b. hydranencephaly c. down syndrome d. cebocephaly
c. down syndrome
the growth disorder syndrome synonymous with organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is
d. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
macroglossia is most commonly found with
c. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
the most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the
b. neck
the most common cause of hyperteleorism is
c. anterior cephalocele
an abnormal division in the lip is referred to as
b. cleft lip
a large, mostly cystic mass containing a thick, midline septation is noted in the cervical spine region of a fetus. this most likely represents a(n)
b. cystic hygroma
which of the following would most likely involve the development of a cystic hygroma? a. Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome b. hydranencephaly c. Turner syndrome d. Klinefelter syndrome
c. Turner syndrome
the nuchal fold measurement is typically obtained
c. between 15 and 21 weeks
there is a definite link between microtia and what syndrome?
c. down syndrome
which of the following would be most difficult to detect sonographicaly? a. cleft lip and cleft palate b. isolated cleft lip c. isolated cleft palate d. isolated median cleft
c. isolated cleft palate
a small mandible is termed
c. micrognathia
what is the term for a smaller than normal ear
c. microtia
the optimal scan plane to visualize micrognathia is
c. sagittal