People and work 14

A person who inspires, motivates, and directs the activities of others so that they work toward organizational goals is known as a _____.

leader

According to Fiedler, the extent to which subordinates trust and are loyal to their superior is known as _____.

leader-member relations

The process by which a person exerts influence over others and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities is known as:

leadership

Fiedler's contingency model suggests that:

leadership styles are enduring characteristics; they cannot be changed or adjusted.

A _____ is something that acts in place of the influence of a leader and makes leadership unnecessary.

leadership substitute

According to Fiedler's model, the amount of legitimate, reward, and coercive power a leader has by virtue of his or her position in an organization is referred to as:

position power

According to Fiedler's model, the amount of legitimate, reward, and coercive power a leader has by virtue of his or her position in an organization is referred to as:

position power.

Managers can increase their _____ power by taking time to get to know their subordinates and showing interest in and concern for them.

referent

The power of a leader that comes from the respect, admiration, and loyalty of subordinates is known as:

referent power

Alyssa, the assistant marketing manager for RST Consulting, has the respect and admiration of all the employees in her division and is often used as their role model. Alyssa has:

referent power.

When Mark brought in a large client for the bank, Dan gave Mark a significant bonus. What type of power was Dan using?

reward

Women tend to be stereotyped as being ______.

supportive

According to the path-goal theory, _____ are similar to consideration and include expressing concern for subordinates and looking out for their best interests

supportive behaviors

According to the path-goal theory, _____ are similar to consideration and include expressing concern for subordinates and looking out for their best interests.

supportive behaviors

According to Fiedler, the extent to which the work of subordinates is clear so that they know what to do and how to do it is known as:

task structure.

Managers who effectively influence their subordinates to achieve goals without making dramatic changes are engaging in _____ leadership.

transactional

Which of the following is true of reward power?

Being able to give or withhold rewards based on performance allows managers to have a highly motivated workforce.

______ leaders are excited and enthusiastic about their vision and clearly communicate it to their subordinates.

Charismatic

_____ propose that whether a leader who possesses certain traits or performs certain behaviors is effective depends on the situation or context

Contingency models

_____ propose that whether a leader who possesses certain traits or performs certain behaviors is effective depends on the situation or context.

Contingency models

Which of the following managers is effective?

Dorothy, who uses coercive power sparingly because it rob employees of their dignity

Which of the following is true of leadership styles?

Effective leadership styles vary with individual, culture, and country.

Which of the following is true of empowerment?

Empowerment gives managers more time to concentrate on their pressing concerns.

Which type of power is based on the specialized knowledge and skills of a leader?

Expert power

Which of the following is true of male and female managers?

Female managers tend to hand out more lenient punishments than male managers.

Leader-member relations, task structure, and position power are the situational characteristics identified by:

Fiedler's contingency model

Which of the following is true of referent power?

It is a function of the personal characteristics of a leader.

Which of the following is true of House's path-goal theory?

It suggests that subordinates need to be motivated depending on their nature and that of their work.

Which of the following managers has high emotional intelligence?

Judy, who admits to mistakes when she makes them

What type of power does a manager use when he or she hires new employees, assigns them work and monitors their performance?

Legitimate

_____ is a function of the personal characteristics of a leader and is more informal than the other kinds of power.

Referent power

According to Fiedler, what type of leaders are primarily concerned with developing good relationships with their subordinates and being liked by them?

Relationship-oriented leaders

Which of the following managers is a servant leader?

Richard, who has a strong desire to work for the benefit of society and enhances the well-being of others

What type of leaders share power with followers and strive to ensure that followers' most important needs are met?

Servant leaders

Which of the following is true of Denise, a manager who has significant referent power?

She is used as a role-model by many of her employees.

According to Fiedler, what type of leaders are primarily concerned with ensuring that subordinates perform at a high level and focus on goal accomplishment?

Task-oriented leaders

Which of the following is true of the trait model of leadership?

The traits it identified had no consistent relationship with leadership effectiveness.

Which of the following is true of transformational managers' subordinates?

They are aware of their own needs for growth, development, and accomplishment.

Which of the following is true of managers with high emotional intelligence?

They easily encourage their employees to be creative

Which of the following explains why female managers are more participative than their male counterparts?

They face more resistance to influence than men.

According to the path-goal theory, which of the following is true of achievement-oriented behaviors?

They increase motivation levels of highly capable subordinates

Which model of leadership is based on the premise that effective leaders possess personal qualities that set them apart from ineffective leaders?

Trait model

_____ managers motivate their subordinates to work for the good of the organization as a whole, not just for their own personal gain or benefit

Transformational

_____ managers motivate their subordinates to work for the good of the organization as a whole, not just for their own personal gain or benefit.

Transformational

_____ makes subordinates aware of the importance of their performance to the organization and aware of their own needs for personal growth, motivating subordinates to work for the good of the organization.

Transformational leadership

Which of the following would an effective manager do?

Use reward power to show appreciation for subordinates' work

A transformational manager engages and empowers subordinates to take personal responsibility for solving problems through _____.

intellectual stimulation

According to the behavior model of leadership, which of the following is an example of consideration behavior?

Addressing employee concerns

According to the behavior model of leadership, leaders engage in _____ when they show their subordinates that they trust, respect, and care about them.

consideration

The two basic kinds of leader behaviors identified by the behavior model of leadership were:

consideration and initiating structure

The two basic kinds of leader behaviors identified by the behavior model of leadership were:

consideration and initiating structure.

According to path-goal theory, _____ are similar to initiating structure and include setting goals, showing subordinates how to complete tasks, and taking concrete steps to improve performance.

directive behaviors

A high level of _____ may help leaders develop a vision for their organizations, motivate their subordinates to commit to this vision, and energize them to enthusiastically work to achieve this vision

emotional intelligence

Corby Motors allows assembly-line workers to discard parts that do not meet quality standards without needing the permission of their manager first. This is an example of _____.

employee empowerment

The serving staff of Applebee's Applepies can give customers free dessert if they are dissatisfied with their dine-in experience without having to check with their supervisor first. This is an example of _____.

employee empowerment

House's path-goal theory is based on:

expectancy theory.

Nancy has extensive experience in product designing. Though she is not a manager, she is often called on by product managers to offer advice on new product design. It can be said that Nancy has:

expert power