Peritonitis

E coli. , strep, staph, pneumococcus, and gonococcus

Bacteria that cause peritonitis

20k+ wbc with an elevated NEUTROPHIL count -Blood culture to determine the bacteria -•Fluid and electrolyte balance, renal status,( BUN, Cr, Hbg, Hct, O2 sat) - An X-ray to assess for fluid in abdomen and inflammation in bowels -US

Diagnostic signs of peritonitis

Peristalsis

Due to inflammation, what will stop in peritonitis?

NG tube- to decompress the stomach/intestines Weight monitoring- (input and output) O2

Non-mediational treatment of peritonitis

board-like abdomen and curled up into a fetal position

Tell-tale sign of peritonitis

Bacteria or chemicals through a perforation. Appendicitis, diverticulitis and PUD can cause this. It can even occur from a penetrating wound or a gangrenous gall bladder. Additionally a bowel instruction or a reproductive tract infection.

What are common causes of peritonitis?

Decreased circulatory volume (all the blood in the body is going to the abdomen), poor kidney perfusion, electrolyte imbalances, and a stomach distended with gas and fluids. There is also a sepsis risk.

What are complications of peritonitis?

Skin pathogens, kidney dialysis

What are less common causes of peritonitis?

controlling the contamination, removing foreign material from the peritoneal cavity, and draining collected fluid.

What does surgery focus on in patients of this condition?

•When contaminated by bacteria, the body first tries to wall off a localized area to fight the infection. If the walling off process fails, the inflammation spreads and contamination becomes massive, resulting in diffuse peritonitis.

What happens when Peritonitis occurs?

To reduce friction

What is the purpose of the sterile fluid in the peritoneal lining?

Fluid can shift into the peritoneal cavity due to the increased pressure of the diaphragm. There is also a increased oxygen demand due to pain.

What respiratory complications can occur due to this?

hypertonic fluids(the water is not usable), broad-spectrum antibiotics, NSAIDs, analgesics, and stool softeners

What types of medication is given to patients with peritonitis?

Diverticulitis

inflammation of the diverticula

peritonitis

inflammation of the peritoneum (membrane lining the abdominal cavity and surrounding the organs within it)

Abdominal pain, (pg 1145), guarded movement, coughing causes more problems, decreased bowel sounds (eventually becomes nonexistent), rebound tenderness,

signs of peritonitis

laproscopy

to remove or repair the inflamed or perforated organ (appendicitis), catheters may be inserted to drain the cavity.