Perry: Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

What question does the nurse ask while assessing the socioeconomic status of a pregnant patient? 1 "What prescription medications do you take?" 2 "Do you have any factories around your house?" 3 "Do you have any medical or dental insurance?" 4 "Are there any diseases that run in your family?"

"Do you have any medical or dental insurance?"

A pregnant woman with a body mass index (BMI) of 22 asks the nurse how she should be gaining weight during pregnancy. What is the nurse's best response to explain how to achieve optimal weight gain during pregnancy? 1 a pound a week throughout pregnancy. 2 2 to 5 lbs during the first trimester, then a pound each week until the end of pregnancy. 3 a pound a week during the first two trimesters, then 2 lbs per week during the third trimester. 4 a total of 25 to 35 lbs.

2 to 5 lbs during the first trimester, then a pound each week until the end of pregnancy.

The nurse observes a patient had preeclampsia during the second trimester of her pregnancy. Which is the most likely reason for preeclampsia in this patient? 1 Hypervitaminosis 2 Severe hypotension 3 Lower extremity edema 4 Body mass index (BMI) of 34.2 kg/m2

Body mass index (BMI) of 34.2 kg/m2

The ultrasound scan of a pregnant woman in the second trimester shows an impairment in the development of the fetus's central nervous system. High intake of which food in the patient's diet might have caused this complication? 1 Fish 2 Pork 3 Soft cheese 4 Frozen dessert

Fish

During the assessment of a pregnant patient, the nurse instructs the patient to eat eight to ten servings of vegetables and fruits, three servings of milk products, and incorporate low-fat meats daily. What is the most probable reason for giving such instruction? To prevent: 1 Hypertension 2 Hypercalcemia 3 Hypouricemia 4 Hypothyroidism

Hypertension

The nurse notices that a pregnant patient is worried about gaining weight and has stayed away from eating foods high in carbohydrates. What should the nurse do to ensure adequate nutrition? 1 Inform the patient that lack of proper nutrition may delay the newborn's delivery date. 2 Suggest the patient increase her protein intake to compensate for the carbohydrate levels. 3 Inform the patient that breastfeeding aids in losing the weight gained during pregnancy. 4 Inform the patient that a decreased intake of carbohydrates during pregnancy causes fetal obesity.

Inform the patient that breastfeeding aids in losing the weight gained during pregnancy.

Which minerals and vitamins usually are recommended to supplement a pregnant woman's diet? 1 Fat-soluble vitamins A and D 2 Water-soluble vitamins C and B6 3 Iron and folate 4 Calcium and zinc

Iron and folate

The nurse has advised a pregnant patient to eat a diet rich in vitamin C and zinc. What would be the reason for the nurse to advise the patient to follow this diet? The patient: 1 Is a long-time smoker 2 Has nausea and vomiting 3 Is taking iron supplements 4 Has a reduced metabolic rate

Is taking iron supplements

The nurse reviews the medical history of a patient and instructs the patient to prevent conception. Which finding led the nurse to make such a decision? The patient is using: 1 Sucralose (Splenda). 2 Isotretinoin (Accutane). 3 Saccharin (Sweet'N Low). 4 Aspartame (NutraSweet).

Isotretinoin (Accutane).

The nurse is preparing a diet chart for a pregnant African-American patient who is a strict vegan. What does the nurse include in the diet chart of the patient? Select all that apply. 1 Melon 2 Yogurt 3 Turnips 4 Cooked ham 5 Cooked peas

Melon Turnips Cooked peas

The nurse is assessing a patient who recently delivered a child. The laboratory reports of both the mother and the child show high amounts of lead in the blood. What clinical condition observed in the mother during pregnancy could be the reason for the abnormal levels of lead? 1 Pica 2 Anemia 3 Malnutrition 4 Preeclampsia

Pica

The nurse instructs a pregnant patient to stay away from Brie, Camembert, and the soft Mexican cheeses. What would be the possible clinical reason for giving such advice to the patient? 1 Possibility of listeriosis developing 2 Physiologic anemia 3 Sigmoid diverticulosis 4 Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Possibility of listeriosis developing

The nurse is assessing a patient during the fifth month of pregnancy. On reviewing the ultrasound scan report, the nurse notices diminished fetal growth. What dietary increase should the nurse recommend to patient to promote rapid fetal growth? 1 Lipids 2 Minerals 3 Vitamins 4 Proteins

Proteins

A pregnant woman reports that she is still playing tennis at 32 weeks of gestation. The nurse should be most concerned regarding what this woman consumes during and after tennis matches. Which is the most important? 1 Several glasses of fluid 2 Extra protein sources, such as peanut butter 3 Salty foods to replace lost sodium 4 Easily digested sources of carbohydrate

Several glasses of fluid

The nurse advises a pregnant patient to take iron supplements. The nurse also instructs the patient to incorporate whole grains, bran, vegetables, and nuts in the diet, as well as drink adequate amounts of fluids. What is the most likely rationale? Iron supplements can cause: 1 Severe constipation. 2 Pyrosis and peptic ulcers. 3 Nausea and vomiting. 4 Black or dark green stools.

Severe constipation.

A 22-year-old woman pregnant with a single fetus has a preconception body mass index (BMI) of 24. When she was seen in the clinic at 14 weeks of gestation, she had gained 1.8 kg (4 lbs) since conception. How should the nurse interpret this? 1 This weight gain indicates possible gestational hypertension. 2 This weight gain indicates that the woman's infant is at risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). 3 This weight gain cannot be evaluated until the woman has been observed for several more weeks. 4 The woman's weight gain is appropriate for this stage of pregnancy.

The woman's weight gain is appropriate for this stage of pregnancy.

The nurse is teaching a patient with anemia when and how to take the prescribed iron supplements. The nurse provides a list of beverages for the patient to stay away from while taking the iron supplement. What is the rationale for this? 1 They can affect the process of hematopoiesis. 2 They increase red blood cell (RBC) destruction. 3 They can decrease iron supplement absorption. 4 They can increase the plasma levels of caffeine.

They can decrease iron supplement absorption.

When assessing a pregnant woman in the second trimester, the nurse finds the patient to be healthy, but the patient reports mild edema. What should the nurse infer from this finding? 1 The patient has a vitamin B deficiency. 2 This is a normal finding; it results from estrogen. 3 The patient is consuming too many calories. 4 The nurse should check the blood glucose.

This is a normal finding; it results from estrogen.

The nurse is preparing a diet chart for a Hispanic pregnant patient who is a vegetarian. The patient complains of leg cramps. What does the nurse ensure to include in the patient's diet? 1 Melon fruit 2 Turnip greens 3 Whole or 2% milk 4 Canned sardines

Turnip greens

A patient who is 6 months pregnant is diagnosed with diverticulosis. Which diet should the nurse recommend to the patient? 1 Whole grains, bran, vegetables, and fruits 2 Citrus fruits and dark green leafy vegetables 3 Shellfish, liver, meats, whole grains, and milk 4 Iodized salt, seafood, milk products, and rolls

Whole grains, bran, vegetables, and fruits

The primary health care provider (PHP) prescribes high-dose iron supplements to a pregnant patient with severe anemia during the first trimester. Which other supplements should the nurse expect the PHP to prescribe with iron supplements? 1 Zinc 2 Calcium 3 Vitamin A 4 Magnesium

Zinc

With regard to nutritional needs during lactation, a maternity nurse should be aware that: 1 the mother's intake of vitamin C, zinc, and protein now can be lower than during pregnancy. 2 caffeine consumed by the mother accumulates in the infant, who therefore may be unusually active and wakeful. 3 critical iron and folic acid levels must be maintained. 4 lactating women can go back to their prepregnant calorie intake.

caffeine consumed by the mother accumulates in the infant, who therefore may be unusually active and wakeful.

When counseling a woman about getting enough iron in her diet, the maternity nurse should tell her that: 1 milk, coffee, and tea aid iron absorption if consumed at the same time as iron. 2 iron absorption is inhibited by a diet rich in vitamin C. 3 iron supplements are permissible for children in small doses. 4 constipation is common with iron supplements.

constipation is common with iron supplements.

A pregnant woman experiencing nausea and vomiting should: 1 drink a glass of water with a fat-free carbohydrate before getting out of bed in the morning. 2 eat small, frequent meals (every 2 to 3 hours). 3 increase her intake of high-fat foods to keep the stomach full and coated. 4 limit fluid intake throughout the day

eat small, frequent meals (every 2 to 3 hours).