pes

describe coulombs law words

( the electric force between two charged objects.) force of attraction or repulsion acting along a straight line between two electric charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely to the square of the distance between them.

what is ionization energy (IE)?

The amount of energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom

how does distance affect the attraction or post between two particles?

The farther away, the weaker the attraction

equation for coulombs law?

V=kq1q2/d

q1 & q2

charge of particles (usually positive because they represent ionization energy)

V

coulumbs potential energy (usually negative bc based on electrons )

d

distance from nucleus. >d=<IE

what determines the number and sizes of peaks?

electron configuration

coulombic potential energy becomes more ______ as the distance between particles becomes _______

intense, less

what is PES?

measurement of electrons emmitted from an object by photoelectron affect

k

medium constant (vacuum, space, air, water, etc)

how is ionization energy (IE) calculated?

opposite sign of V=kq1q2/d

what does PES stand for?

photoelectron spectroscopy

PES diagram for Aluminum

2 same sized peaks for 1s2 and 2s2, a large peak for 2p6, and a peak half the size of the s2 peaks for 3p1

energy level diagram for Aluminum

3p1 •_ __ __ 2p6 •• •• •• 2s2 •• 1s2 ••

which orbital has the highest ionization energy and why?

The S orbital has the highest ionization energy because it's closest to the nucleus so it takes more energy to remove it than the valence electron