Pharm Ch. 1

drug

Chemical substance that produces a change in body function.

therapuetic effect

Desired drug effect to alleviate some condition or symptom of disease.

prescription drugs

Drug for which dispensing requires a written or phone order that can only be issued by or under the direction of a licensed physician.

agonists

Drug that attaches to a receptor and initiates an action; drug that binds to a receptor and activates a physiologic response or drug action

antagonists

Drug that attaches to a receptor, does not initiate an action, but blocks an agonist from producing an effect; drug that binds to a receptor and interferes with other drugs or substances from producing a drug effect.

controlled substance

Drug that has the potential for abuse and thus is regulated by law.

5.The time from drug administration to the first observable drug effect is known as the (LO 1.4) A.duration of action B.onset of action C.ceiling effect D.maximal response E.ceiling effect

b.

site of action

Location within the body where a drug exerts its therapeutic effect, often a specific drug receptor.

potency

Measure of the strength, or concentration, of a drug required to produce a specific effect.

nonprescription

OTC drugs; drug that can be purchased without the services of a physician.

therpeutic index

Ratio of the LD50 to the ED50 in animal studies.

2.The medical situation when a particular drug should not be administered is referred to as (LO 1.2) A.side effect B.adverse effect C.drug allergy D.contraindication E.antagonism

d.

intrathecal

occuring within or administered into the spinal theca

ED50

Effective dose 50, or dose that will produce an effect that is half of the maximal response.

contraindiction

Situations or conditions when a certain drug should not be administered.

1.The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is known as (LO 1.1) A.pharmacotherapeutics B.pharmacodynamics C.pharmacokinetics D.pharmacy E.posology

c.

terotogens

drugs that produce birth defects (ex: thalidomide)

9.Which of the following could be categorized as an adverse reaction? (LO 1.5) A.idiosyncrasy B.drug allergy C.teratogenicity D.carcinogenicity E.all of these

e.

viscosity

gel-like and sticky

mechanism of action

how the drug produces its effects

drug allergy

when an individual becomes sensitized to a particular drug (drug acts as an antigen) and produces antibodies against the drug

anaphylaxis

drug allergy effects that can be deadly

trade name

drug name given by companies, aka proprietary name / brand name

idiosyncrasy

individual reaction to a drug with an unusual or unexpected response

10.The time a drug continues to produce its effect is its (LO 1.4) A.ED50 B.maximal response C.ceiling effect D.onset of action E.duration of action

.

pharmacology

study of drugs

pharmacology

the study of drugs

pharmacotherapeutics

The study of the amount of drug that is required to produce therapeutic effects.

side effects

Drug effect other than the therapeutic effect that is usually undesirable but not harmful.

toxic effects

Undesirable drug effect that implies drug poisoning; can be very harmful or life-threatening.

adverse effects

General term for undesirable and potentially harmful drug effect.

drug indication

Intended or indicated uses for any drug.

genergic name

Nonproprietary name of a drug.

toxicology

The study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissue.

7.Select the term below that relates to the amount of drug administered to produce a therapeutic effect. (LO 1.1) A.posology B.toxicology C.pharmacodynamics D.pharmacotherapeutics E.pharmacy

a.

3.An unusual or unexpected drug reaction by an individual is known as (LO 1.5) A.toxic effect B.antagonism C.idiosyncrasy D.side effect E.drug allergy

c.

4.The proprietary drug name supplied by a pharmaceutical company is also referred to as the (LO 1.6) A.generic name B.over-the-counter name C.trade name D.chemical name E.none of these

c.

8.A medication that does not require a physician's service to obtain is referred to as (LO 1.6) A.trade B.nonproprietary C.nonprescription D.brand E.generic Page 16 9

c.

6.A drug that has the potential for abuse and is regulated by the Drug Enforcement Agency is classified as a (LO 1.7) A.poison B.OTC drug C.prescription drug D.controlled substance E.nonproprietary drug

d.

LD50

the dose that will kill 50 percent of the animals tested; the first drug testing performed

dose

the exact amount of a drug that is administered in order to produce a specific effect.