Pharm: Ch. 57

An adolescent patient recently attended a health fair and had a serum glucose test. The patient telephones the nurse and says, "My level was 125 mg/dL. Does that mean I have diabetes?" What is the nurse's most accurate response? a."Unless you were fasting for longer than 8 hours, this does not necessarily mean you have diabetes." b."At this level, you probably have diabetes. You will need an oral glucose tolerance test this week." c."This level is conclusive evidence that you have diabetes." d."This level is conclusive evidence that you do not have diabetes."

a."Unless you were fasting for longer than 8 hours, this does not necessarily mean you have diabetes."

Which statement is correct about the contrast between acarbose and miglitol? a.Miglitol has not been associated with hepatic dysfunction. b.With miglitol, sucrose can be used to treat hypoglycemia. c.Miglitol is less effective in African Americans. d.Miglitol has no gastrointestinal side effects.

a.Miglitol has not been associated with hepatic dysfunction.

The nurse working on a high-acuity medical-surgical unit is prioritizing care for four patients who were just admitted. Which patient should the nurse assess first? a.The NPO patient with a blood glucose level of 80 mg/dL who just received 20 unitsof 70/30 Novocain insulin b.The patient with a pulse of 58 beats per minute who is about to receive digoxin (Lanolin) c.The patient with a blood pressure of 136/92 mm Hg who complains of having a headache d.The patient with an allergy to penicillin who is receiving an infusion of vancomycin (Vancocin)

a.The NPO patient with a blood glucose level of 80 mg/dL who just received 20 unitsof 70/30 Novocain insulin

A nurse is educating the staff nurses about ketoacidosis. To evaluate the group's understanding, the nurse asks, "Which sign or symptom would not be consistent with ketoacidosis?" The group gives which correct answer? a. Blood glucose level of 600 mg/dL b. Blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL c. Acidosis d. Ketones in the urine

b. Blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL

A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes expresses concern about losing her vision. Which interventions should be included in the plan of care to reduce this risk? (Select all that apply.) a.Initiation of reliable contraception to prevent pregnancy b.Ways to reduce hyperglycemic episodes c.Use of a prokinetic drug (e.g., metoclopramide) d.Smoking cessation e.Emphasis on the importance of taking antihypertensive drugs consistently

b.Ways to reduce hyperglycemic episodes d.Smoking cessation e.Emphasis on the importance of taking antihypertensive drugs consistently

A patient who has type 2 diabetes will begin taking glipizide [Glucotrol]. Which statement by the patient is concerning to the nurse? a. "I will begin by taking this once daily with breakfast." b. "It is safe to drink grapefruit juice while taking this drug." c. "I may continue to have a glass of wine with dinner." d. "I will need to check my blood sugar once daily or more."

c. "I may continue to have a glass of wine with dinner."

A nurse provides dietary counseling for a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which instruction should be included? a."You may eat any foods you want and cover the glucose increase with sliding scale,regular insulin." b."Most of the calories you eat should be in the form of protein to promote fat breakdown and preserve muscle mass." c."Your total caloric intake should not exceed 1800 calories in a 24-hour period." d."Most of your calories should be in the form of carbohydrates and monounsaturated fats."

d."Most of your calories should be in the form of carbohydrates and monounsaturated fats."

What is the most reliable measure for assessing diabetes control over the preceding 3-month period? a.Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) graph report b.Patient's report c.Fasting blood glucose level d.Glycosylated hemoglobin level

d.Glycosylated hemoglobin level

A patient with type 1 diabetes is eating breakfast at 7:30 AM. Blood sugars are on a sliding scale and are ordered before a meal and at bedtime. The patient's blood sugar level is 317 mg/dL. Which formulation of insulin should the nurse prepare to administer? a.No insulin should be administered. b.NPH c.70/30 mix d.Lispro (Humalog)

d.Lispro (Humalog)

Which statement is accurate about the long-term complications of diabetes? a.Long-term complications are almost always the result of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. b.The complication rates for patients with tightly controlled type 2 diabetes are the same as for those whose disease is not tightly controlled. c.Tightly controlling type 1 diabetes produces excessive episodes of life-threatening hypoglycemia. d.Tightly controlling both types of diabetes reduces the risk of eye, kidney, and nerve damage.

d.Tightly controlling both types of diabetes reduces the risk of eye, kidney, and nerve damage.