Pharm- Ch 9 Questions

What angle do you insert the needle with Intramuscular (IM) injections?

90-degrees

The nurse is preparing to administer an IM medication using an airlock to prevent leakage of the medication into the subcutaneous space. Which amount of air should the nurse withdraw for the air lock? A. 0.2 mL B. 0.1 mL C. 0.05 mL D. 0.3 mL

A. 0.2 mL

When administering ophthalmic eyedrops, the nurse will perform which action? A. Drop the prescribed number of drops into the conjunctival sac. B. Document that a smaller dose was absorbed if the patient blinks during administration. C. Hold the eyedropper 4-5 cm above the eye to avoid contamination. D. Place the eyedrops directly on the cornea.

A. Drop the prescribed number of drops into the conjunctival sac. Explanation: The eyedropper is held 1-2 cm above the conjunctival sac. The nurse should drop the prescribed number of drops into the conjunctival sac. Never apply eyedrops to the cornea. If the drops land on the outer eyelid margins, (e.g., if the pt moved or blinked), the procedure should be repeated.

Effervescent powders and tablets need to be mixed with what prior to giving them? A. Water until completely dissolved B. Any liquid until completely dissolved C. Normal saline and intravenously D. Soft foods and mixed well

A. Water until completely dissolved

Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when crushing oral medications to administer to a patient with dysphagia? A. Only crush enteric-coated medication. B. Open sustained-release capsules before crushing. C. Crush and administer each medication separately. D. Mix medication together for ease of administration.

C. Crush and administer each medication separately. Explanation: Keeping the drugs separate allows for accurate identification if a dose is spilled.

Which injection technique will the nurse use when administering a medication subcutaneously? A. Use the landmark between the greater trochanter and superior iliac crest for the vastus lateralis site. B. Aspirate with heparin and insulin injections. C. Insert the needle at a 45- or 90-degree angle, depending on patient size, to administer into the subcutaneous tissue. D. Use a 1- to 1 1/2-inch, 25-gauge needle.

C. Insert the needle at a 45- or 90-degree angle, depending on patient size, to administer into the subcutaneous tissue. Explanation: The proper technique for subcutaneous injections involves the use of a 1/2- to 5/8-inch, 25-gauge needle at a 45- or 90-degree angle of insertion depending on patient size. Aspiration is not done with anticoagulants and insulin. The landmark for the vastus lateralis is one handbreadth below the greater trochanter and above the knee on the outer aspect of the thigh.

The nurse will check how many patient identifiers before administering a medication to a patient? A. One B. Four C. Two D. Three

C. Two Explanation: The Joint Commission requires that two patient identifiers

What determines the angle of the needle for Subcutaneous injections?

The size of the patient

True or False: You should NEVER recap a needle

True

What two angles are generally used in Subcutaneous injections?

90-degrees and 45-degrees

What are typical doses for Subcutaneous medications?

0.5 to 1 mL

Which of the following is it acceptable to mix an oral medication for an infant? (Select all that apply) A. Jelly B. Honey C. Formula or Milk D. Orange Juice E. Ice Cream or Sherbet

A. Jelly E. Ice Cream or Sherbet Explanation: The drug may be mixed with a teaspoon of a sweet-tasting food such as jelly, applesauce, ice cream, or sherbet. Using honey in infants is NOT recommended because of the risk for botulism. Do not mix the medication in an essential food item, such as formula, milk, or orange juice, because the child may reject that food later.

When giving IM injections, generally what gauge needle is used for thick medications?

18- to 21-gauge needle

When giving IM injections, generally what gauge needle is used for an aqueous medication?

20- to 25-gauge needle

Which are the appropriate landmarks for an IM injection into the dorsogluteal region? A. The dorsogluteal region is no longer recommended for injection; a different site should be selected. B. Below the iliac spine and between the greater trochanter and the iliac crest. C. A handbreadth below the greater trochanter and the sacroiliac joint. D. A "V" formation between the anterior superior iliac spine and the greater trochanter.

A. The dorsogluteal region is no longer recommended for injection; a different site should be selected. Explanation: The dorsogluteal injection site is no longer recommended for injections because of the close proximity to the sciatic nerve and major blood vessels. Injury to the sciatic nerve from an injection may cause partial paralysis of the leg. The dorsogluteal site is not to be used for IM injections.

The nurse will use a Z-track technique when giving an intramuscular (IM) injection in which situation? A. When massaging the area after medication administration is contraindicated. B. With any injection that is given into the ventrogluteal muscle. C. With medications that are known to be irritating, painful, or staining to tissues. D. When there is insufficient muscle mass in the landmarked area.

C. With medications that are known to be irritating, painful, or staining to tissues. Explanation: The Z-track method prevents medication from leaking into subcutaneous tissues, where it can be irritating or painful. This method should be used with medications that are particularly irritating to the tissue. Some institutional policies require the use of the Z-track method with all IM injections.

When planning to administer an intradermal medication, the nurse knows which location is the preferred site of injection on the forearm? A. 2-4 finger widths above the wrist B. Just above the wrist C. Just below the antecubital space D. 3-4 finger widths below the antecubital space

D. 3-4 finger widths below the antecubital space Explanation: In general, 3-4 finger widths below the antecubital space and 1 hand width above the wrist is the preferred location on the forearm.

Which position is most appropriate for the nurse to position a patient when administering medications via a nasogastric (NG) tube? A. Trendelenburg B. Supine C. Left side D. Fowler's

D. Fowler's Explanation: The patient should be positioned in a semi-Fowler's or Fowler's position during and after administration of medications via an NG tube to reduce the risk of aspiration.

When administering a sublingual medication, which action will the nurse perform? A. Ask the patient to chew the medication so that it will absorb faster. B. Have the patient swallow several times while the tablet dissolves. C. Instruct the patient to drink room temperature water to enhance dissolution. D. Wear gloves to place the tablet under the patient's tongue.

D. Wear gloves to place the tablet under the patient's tongue. Explanation: Standard precautions require the wearing of gloves when placing a tablet under a patient's tongue. The patient should not chew a sublingual tablet and should not drink or swallow until the tablet is completely dissolved and absorbed.

True or False: 3-4 finger widths below the antecubital space and 3-4 finger widths from the wrist is ideal for Intradermal injections.

False: it's 3-4 widths below the antecubital space, but a HAND WIDTH above the wrist.