Pharm Final

A nurse is assessing the client's home medication use. After listening to the client list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question? a. "Do you take any generic medications?" b. "Are any of these medications orphan drugs?" c. "Do you take any over-the-counter medications?" d. "Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy?"

"Do you take any over-the-counter medications?"

tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The nurse is preparing a client for discharge knowing the client will be self-administering medication at home. What is the nurse's most appropriate action? a. Provide the client with the nurse's contact information for when the client has questions. b. Provide thorough medication teaching about drugs and the drug regimen. c. Advise the use of over-the-counter medications to use to treat potential adverse effects. d. Provide a 2-day supply of medication to take home until prescription is filled.

Provide thorough medication teaching about drugs and the drug regimen.

The care provider has prescribed intravenous hydromorphone, an opioid, for a client using a client-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. The nurse is aware that this drug has a high abuse potential. Under what category would hydromorphone be classified? a. schedule IV b. schedule III c. schedule I d. schedule II

Schedule II

The rate and/or depth of breathing can be increased quickly if chemoreceptors note which? a. Higher oxygen levels b. Noxious stimuli c. Lower carbon dioxide levels d. Higher acid levels

Higher acid levels

pneumonia

inflammation of the lungs

seasonal rhinitis

inflammation of the nasal cavity

A client has developed left-sided heart failure. What assessment finding should the nurse attribute to this health problem? a. increased abdominal girth b. irregular heart rhythm c. shortness of breath d. pitting edema to the ankles and feet

shortness of breath

The nurse is evaluating the discharge teaching provided to a client concerning drug therapy. What statement from the client would indicate that teaching had been effective? a. "I have to take three pills each day and I can take them at the time that fits my schedule." b. "I should take the white pill because the doctor wants me to take it." c. "I'll add the names and dosages of these new drugs to my medication list in my wallet." d. "I have prescriptions at different pharmacies. I shop around for the best price for each drug."

"I'll add the names and dosages of these new drugs to my medication list in my wallet."

The client has just received IM lidocaine as a local anesthetic before insertion of a chest tube. After the administration of the lidocaine, the client tells the nurse, "It's starting to feel numb. How long will this last?" What is the nurse's best response? a. "Probably half-an-hour to 45 minutes." b. "Likely around 2 hours." c. "It's very hard to say, since everyone's body responds differently." d. "Likely until the end of your procedure."

"Likely around 2 hours."

A nurse prepares a client for cardiac catheterization. The client states, "I am afraid I might die." What is the nurse's best response? a. "Tell me more about your concerns about the test." b. "This is a routine test, I am sure you will be fine." c. "I can cancel the test it's not that important." d. "Would you like to speak to a chaplain about your concerns?"

"Tell me more about your concerns about the test."

The nurse is caring for a client who has been newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). The client asks why MS is called an autoimmune disease. What is the nurse's best response? a. "The body responds to a cell invaded by bacteria with antibody production against similar cells." b. "Production of autoantibodies is a normal process that goes on all the time, but immunosuppression limits B-cell response." c. "People with multiple sclerosis have a genetic predisposition to destroy autoantibodies." d. "The body attacks its own cells because it responds to specific self-antigens to produce antibodies."

"The body attacks its own cells because it responds to specific self-antigens to produce antibodies."

A nurse is instructing a pregnant client concerning the potential risk to their fetus from a pregnancy category D drug. What should the nurse inform the client? a. "Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there have been no adequate studies in pregnant clients." b. "Adequate studies in pregnant clients have demonstrated there is no risk to the fetus." c. "Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant clients." d. "There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from use of the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks."

"There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from use of the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks."

The client diagnosed with terminal cancer pain has been receiving morphine sulfate for several days. For the past few days, the medication is no longer effective in controlling the client's pain, and a larger dose is needed to have the same effect. How should the nurse explain this phenomenon to the client? a. "This is likely a result of your developing tolerance to the medication." b. "You might be developing a mild addiction to morphine, but this is certainly treatable." c. "There is likely a build-up of morphine in your body that is unable to affect your pain receptors." d. "I'll collaborate with your provider to see if there might be other medications that are counteracting your morphine."

"This is likely a result of your developing tolerance to the medication."

An older adult client has presented to the emergency department reporting frank blood in their stool over the past 24 hours. What assessment question should the nurse prioritize? a. "Have you ever been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis?" b. "What medications do you take for pain or inflammation?" c. "Have you ever been diagnosed with kidney disease of any kind?" d. "Have you taken any medications for a fever lately?

"What medications do you take for pain or inflammation?"

A client has not had a bowel movement for 4 days and has been prescribed milk of magnesia 2 teaspoons orally as needed for relief of constipation. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? a. 10 mL b. 30 mL c. 7.5 mL d. 15 mL

10 mL

Which can occur as a result of outside pressure against the alveoli or pleural effusion? a. Tuberculosis b. Pneumonia c. Atelectasis d. Bronchiectasis

Atelectasis

After teaching a community group about the common cold, the instructor determines the teaching as successful when the group states what as a cause? a. Bacteria that grow best in the cold b. Allergens in the environment c. Irritation of the mucus membranes d. A number of different viruses

A number of different viruses

For gas exchange to occur in the lungs, oxygen must pass through which structures a. Conducting airways b. Alveolar epithelium c. Pleural fluid d. Interstitial alveolar wall e. Capillary basement membrane f. Interstitial space

Alveolar epithelium Capillary basement membrane Interstitial space

The nurse has just administered a client's medication. What action should the nurse perform next? a. Assess for drug effects. b. Assess for preexisting conditions. c. Educate the client about the purpose of the drug. d. Perform a comprehensive health assessment.

Assess for drug effects.

A client experiencing seasonal allergies is taking an over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine to relieve itchy, watery eyes, and a runny nose. When planning teaching for this client, the nurse would include what teaching point? a. Avoid driving or operating machinery. b. Grapefruit juice should be avoided during treatment. c. Limit fluid intake to dry out mucous membranes. d. There's a possibility of insomnia.

Avoid driving or operating machinery.

The local news has been discussing a specific rare disorder that killed a child in the community this week, describing the earliest symptoms of the disease as including nasal congestion, ear pain, and a cough. The pediatrician's office is receiving numerous calls asking to make appointments to rule out this rare disease. What is the nurse's best action? a. Become familiar with the disorder and offer to provide parents with relevant information. b. Direct all telephone calls to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to answer questions and provide details. c. Tell parents their child is experiencing the common cold and do not need to be seen. d. Make copies of recent newspaper and online articles that provide parents with more details.

Become familiar with the disorder and offer to provide parents with relevant information.

This is a hereditary disease involving the epithelial lining of the respiratory system, gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts: a. Celiac disease b. Asthma c. Cystic Fibrosis d. Tuberculosis

Cystic Fibrosis

In response to the client's question about how to know whether drugs are safe, the nurse explains that all medications in the United States undergo rigorous scientific testing controlled by what organization? a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) b. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) c. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) d. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

The nurse needs to take sinusitis seriously because a. it can cause a loss of sleep an exhaustion b. it can lead to painful otitis media c. If left untreated, microorganisms can travel to the brain tissue d. drainage of infected sinus membranes can lead to pneumonia

If left untreated, microorganisms can travel to the brain tissue

When evaluating information accessed over the internet, what important question should the nurse encourage clients to ask? a. Does this information address over-the-counter medications? b. How many clients have had input into the information? c. Does the website originate from the United States? d. Is the information anecdotal?

Is the information anecdotal?

The nose performs which functions in the respiratory system? (Select all that apply) a. Serves as a passage way for air movement b. Warms and humidifies the air c. Cleanses the air using hair fibers d. Stimulates surfactant release from the alveoli e. Initiates the cough reflex f. Initiates the sneeze reflex

Serves as a passage way for air movement Warms and humidifies the air Cleanses the air using hair fibers Initiates the sneeze reflex

What is the primary difference between acute and chronic inflammation? a. The active form is much more painful than the chronic form. b. Chronic inflammation is incapable of producing fibrotic tissue. c. The chronic form can stimulate cellular damage. d. Active inflammation is weaker in its response than the chronic form.

The chronic form can stimulate cellular damage.

A client has approached the nurse with varied and detailed questions about an emerging viral infection that was identified for the first time a few months earlier. The nurse's unfamiliarity with this infection may have what effect on the nurse-client relationship? a. The client may demonstrate anger toward the nurse. b. The client is likely to sever contact with the nurse. c. The client may view the nurse as part of the problem rather than the solution. d. The client may view the nurse as not being a credible source.

The client may view the nurse as not being a credible source.

The nurse is caring for a number of clients. Which client has lost a barrier defense, increasing the client's risk for infection? a. a 72-year-old client diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia b. a 68-year-old man diagnosed with prostate cancer c. a 24-year-old client diagnosed with partial-thickness burns d. a 13-year-old client diagnosed with chickenpox

a 24-year-old client diagnosed with partial-thickness burns

The nurse should consider teratogenic effects when caring for what clients? Select all that apply. a. an 81-year-old male with chronic heart failure and peripheral edema b. a 44-year-old female being treated in the intensive care unit for multiorgan dysfunction syndrome c. a 29-year-old client receiving prenatal care in her first trimester of pregnancy d. a 41-year-old male who is immunocompromised following bone marrow transplant e. a 37-year-old female client who is taking fertility drugs

a 29-year-old client receiving prenatal care in her first trimester of pregnancy a 37-year-old female client who is taking fertility drugs

The nurse is caring for a diverse group of clients. In which client should the nurse assess for an alteration in drug metabolism? a. a 35-year-old woman with cervical cancer b. a 32-year-old woman with urosepsis c. a 41-year-old man with kidney stones d. a 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of the liver

a 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of the liver

What client is likely to be experiencing a heightened ability to learn? a. a client who is thrilled to hear of a good prognosis b. a client who is experiencing extreme anxiety c. a client who has slept for the past 11 hours and recently awoken d. a client who gave birth 12 hours ago

a client who gave birth 12 hours ago

For what client would the administration of an epidural block be most appropriate? a. a client who requires neurosurgery for the removal of a brain tumor b. a client who is in the second stage of labor c. a client needing closed reduction of the right humerus d. a client who requires suturing of a laceration on the palm of the hand

a client who is in the second stage of labor

What client should the nurse monitor for signs and symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome? a. A client with a 15 pack-year history of smoking b. a client with seasonal allergies c. a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome d. a neonatal client born premature

a neonatal client born premature

A nurse is unfamiliar with a drug that a client in the community has recently been prescribed. What information source should the nurse consult? a. a nurse's drug guide b. the website www.drugs.com c. Drug Facts and Comparisons d. the Physicians' Drug Reference (PDR)

a nurse's drug guide

The nurse is caring for an older adult who needs to know that drugs, even when taken correctly, can produce negative or unexpected effects. The nurse should address what topic during health education? a. paradoxical effects b. adverse effects c. teratogenic effects d. toxic effects

adverse effects

Which client should the nurse assess most closely for swallowing difficulties prior to administering an oral medication? a. an older adult client who has an active lower gastrointestinal bleed b. an older adult diagnosed with Parkinson's disease c. a client who expressed a preference for alternative and complementary therapies d. a client who is emotionally distraught after receiving a negative prognosis

an older adult diagnosed with Parkinson's disease

What concept is prioritized when a provider is considering the substitution of brand name drug with a generic drug? a. critical concentration b. bioequivalency c. half-life d. distribution

bioequivalency

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit experiencing hyperkalemia due to the use of potassium-sparing diuretics. What assessment should the nurse prioritize? a. urine output b. cardiac monitoring c. temperature d. orientation to name, place, and time

cardiac monitoring

A client asks the nurse what microscopic, hairlike projections of the nasal membranes transport foreign substances toward the throat. What will the nurse state performs this role? a. goblet cells b. cilia c. alveolar sacs d. sinuses

cilia

The nurse has seen an advertisement for a drug. The advertisement states that the drug is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. What other information must also be included in the advertisement? Select all that apply. a. contraindications b. potential adverse effects c. average cost when used as prescribed d. precautions when taking the drug e. symptoms of erectile dysfunction

contraindications potential adverse effectsThis precautions when taking the drug

The nurse administers a loop diuretic to the client. In addition to sodium and water, what other electrolyte would the nurse expect to be excreted in significant amounts? a. potassium b. calcium c. zinc d. magnesium

potassium

A nurse is caring for an 84-year-old client. The nurse should plan care in the knowledge of what physiologic difference between this client and younger adult clients? a. decreased blood volume b. increased total body water c. thickening of subcutaneous tissue d. decreased urine output

decreased blood volume

Information is being carried into a client's neuron from other neurons. What component of the neurologic system will perform this function? a. soma b. nucleus c. dendrite d. axon

dendrite

The nurse is calculating the client's intake and output record and converts ounces to milliliters. What systems is this nurse converting from and to? a. from household to metric b. from apothecary to avoirdupois c. from metric to household d. from household to apothecary

from household to metric

A nurse caring for an 80-year-old client who has been diagnoses with pneumonia. What would be the most appropriate for the nurse to assess this client for? a. decreased cardiac output b. impaired gas exchange c. inability to maintain personal health d. aspiration

impaired gas exchange

A patient who coughs is experienceing a reflex caused by a. inflammation irritating the sinuses in the skull b. irritants affecting the receptor sites in the nasal cavity c. pressure against the eustachian tube d. irritation to receptors in the trachea and the conducting airways

irritation to receptors in the trachea and the conducting airways

A patient with COPD would expect to have a. an actual viral infection of the respiratory tract b. loss of protective respiratory mechanisms due to prolonged irritation or damage c. localized swelling an inflammation of the lungs d. inflammation or swelling of the sinus membranes

loss of protective respiratory mechanisms due to prolonged irritation or damage

A client sustained a closed-head injury 4 hours ago and now presents to the emergency department with difficulty breathing. The nurse should suspect damage to what part of the brain? a. cerebrum b. thalamus c. medulla oblongata d. pituitary

medulla oblongata

The nurse is caring for a patient who suffered a head injury and is now having difficulty breathing. The client should be assessed for damage to what part of the central nervous system? a. cerebral cortex b. cerebellum c.hypothalamus d. medulla oblongata

medulla oblongata

What component(s) serves to protect the brain from injury? Select all that apply. a. specialized muscular system b. meninges c. a secondary nerve network d. the circle of Willis e. bony structure

meninges the circle of WillisThis bony structure

The nurse is calculating a drug dosage and needs to convert the dose from micrograms to milligrams. What measurement system is the nurse using? a. metric system b. European system c. apothecary system d. avoirdupois system

metric system

The client has had a myocardial infarction. The nurse realizes the significance of this injury is damage to what layer of the heart? a. myocardium b. pericardium c. epicardium d. endocardium

myocardium

The pediatric client has a fever and the nurse is preparing to administer an antipyretic. What drug would be the best choice for this client? a. balsalazide b. naproxen c. acetylsalicylic acid d. indomethacin

naproxen

The nurse is providing an in-service on alternative therapies for peers and explains that the term "alternative therapies" includes what? a. nondrug measures b. hospice care c. holistic drug therapy d. home care

nondrug measures

When clients do not understand the information provided with their medication, who is best placed to help them sort through and comprehend the meaning? a. caregiver b. client c. health care provider d. nurse

nurse

Diffusion of C02 from the tissues into the capillary blood a. occurs if the tissue concentration of CO2 is greater than that in the blood b. decreases as blood acidity increases c. increases in the absence of carbonic anhydrase d. is accompanied by a decrease in plasma bicarbonate

occurs if the tissue concentration of CO2 is greater than that in the blood

What is the meaning of the term dolor, when used to describe a characteristic of the inflammatory response? a. redness b. swelling c. heat d. pain

pain

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). What is a charecteristic of this condition? a. accumulation of copious amounts of very thick secretions b. loss of elastic tissue in the lungs and destruction of alveolar walls c. progressive loss of lung compliance and increasing hypoxia d. reversible bronchospasm, inflammation, and hyperactive airways

progressive loss of lung compliance and increasing hypoxia

The nurse is providing medication teaching for a client. The nurse has asked the client to provide a complete list of medications taken to health care providers. Ensuring this list is complete will have what potential benefit for the client? a. protecting the client from possible allergic reactions to medications b. reducing the client's spending on medications c. maintaining a therapeutic serum concentration of the new drug d. reducing the client's likelihood of drug-drug interactions

reducing the client's likelihood of drug-drug interactions

A client diagnosed with rheumatic disease is being prescribed salicylate therapy. The nurse should teach the client monitor for which adverse effects? a. ringing in the ears b. visual changes c. increased hair growth d. irritation of oral mucosa

ringing in ears

An older adult client who lives independently has just been prescribed a drug that can cause sedation. What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? a. risk for injury b. risk for vascular trauma c. risk for suffocation d. wandering

risk for injury

The nurse should monitor laboratory results related to blood clotting when the client takes what drug(s) regularly? Select all that apply. a. gold compounds b. salicylates c. acetaminophen d. disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) e. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

salicylates nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

The type ll cells of the wllas of the alveoli function to a. replace mucus in the alveoli b. produce serotonin c. secrete surfactant d. protect the lungs from bacterial invasion

secrete surfactant

Which structure should the nurse identify as separating the client's right half of the heart from the left? a. syncytia b. bundle of His c. septum d. auricle

septum

sinusitus

sinus cavities become inflammed

The alveolar sac remains open because of a decrease in surface tension caused by the: a. interstitial space b. surfactant layer c. capillary endothelium d. alveolar epithelium

surfactant layer

Why does the nurse need to be alert for any indication of an allergic reaction in clients? a. to obtain early warning of noncompliance in drug therapy b. to maintain the client's safety during drug therapy c. to reduce the risk of adverse effects during drug therapy d. to increase the effectiveness of a specific medication

to maintain the client's safety during drug therapy

The nose is a vital part of the respiratory system because it cleans incoming air using hair fibers (cilia). True False

true