Pharm Final

A patient has been admitted to the emergency department because of an overdose of an oral benzodiazepine. He is very drowsy but still responsive. The nurse will prepare for which immediate intervention? a. Hemodialysis to remove the medication b. Administration of flumazenil c. Administration of naloxone d. Intubation and mechanical ventilation

b. Administration of flumazenil

A patient has undergone an eye procedure during which ophthalmic mydriatics and anesthetic drops were used. The nurse gives which instructions to the patient prior to discharge? (Select all that apply) a. "Do not rub or touch the numb eye" b. "You may reinsert your contact lenses before you leave" c. "Be sure to wear contact lenses when you go outside" d. "Your pupils will appear very tiny until the medication wears off" e."Report any increase in eye pain or drainage to the ophthalmologist immediately"

a. "Do not rub or touch the numb eye" c. "Be sure to wear contact lenses when you go outside" e."Report any increase in eye pain or drainage to the ophthalmologist immediately"

The nurse is instructing a parent on the use of lindane (Kwell) shampoo for treatment of a child's head lice. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further education? a. "I will wash his hair, then rinse out the shampoo immediately" b. "I will leave the shampoo on his hair for 4 minutes before rinsing" c. "After shampooing, I will rinse and dry the hair" d. "When the hair is dry, I will comb the hair to remove the nits"

a. "I will wash his hair, then rinse out the shampoo immediately"

The surgical nurse is reviewing operative cases scheduled for the day. Which of these patients is more prone to complications from general anesthesia? a. A 79-year-old woman who is about to have her gallbladder removed b. A 49-year-old male athlete who quit heavy smoking 12 years ago c. A 30-year-old woman who is in perfect health but has never had anesthesia d. A 50-year-old woman scheduled for outpatient laser surgery for vision correction

a. A 79-year-old woman who is about to have her gallbladder removed

During the assessment of a glaucoma patient who has newly prescribed carbonic anhydrase inhibitor eye drops, the nurse would report a history of which condition? a. Allergy to sulfa drugs b. Decreased renal function c. Diabetes mellitus d. Hypertension

a. Allergy to sulfa drugs

The nurse is preparing to administer carbamide peroxide (Debrox) to an adult patient with impacted cerumen. Which actions by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply) a. Have the patient lie on his side with the affected ear up b. Chill the medication before administering it c. Pull the pinna of the ear down and back d. Pull the pinna of the ear up and back e. Gently irrigate the ear with warm water to remove softened earwax

a. Have the patient lie on his side with the affected ear up d. Pull the pinna of the ear up and back e. Gently irrigate the ear with warm water to remove softened earwax

A patient is experiencing severe diarrhea, flushing, and life-threatening hypotension associated with carcinoid crisis. The nurse will prepare to administer which drug? a. octreotide (Sandostatin) b. vasopressin (Pitressin) c. somatotropin (Humatrope) d. cosyntropin (Cortrosyn)

a. octreotide (Sandostatin)

When the nurse is providing wound care with Dakin's solution for a patient who has a stage III pressure ulcer, the patient exclaims, "I smell bleach! Why are you putting bleach on me?" The nurse's best explanation is: a."This is a very dilute solution and acts to reduce the bacteria in the wound so that it can heal" b."This solution is used instead of medication to promote wound healing c. "This solution is used to dissolve the dead tissue in your wound" d. "Don't worry; we would never use bleach on a patient!"

a."This is a very dilute solution and acts to reduce the bacteria in the wound so that it can heal"

The nurse preparing to administer a medication for sleep. Which intervention applies to the administration of a non-benzodiazepine, such as zaleplon (Sonata)? a. These drugs need to be taken about 1 hour before bedtime b. Because of their rapid onset, these drugs need to be taken just before bedtime c. The patient needs to be cautioned about the high incidence of morning drowsiness that may occur after taking these drugs d. These drugs are less likely to interact with alcohol

b. Because of their rapid onset, these drugs need to be taken just before bedtime

The nurse is assessing the skin of a teenage patient who has been using a benzoyl peroxide for 2 weeks as part of treatment for acne. Which assessment findings indicate that the patient is having an allergic reaction and will need to stop treatment? a. Reddened skin over the treatment area b. Blistering skin over the treatment area c. Peeling skin over the treatment area d. Sensation of warmth when the product is applied

b. Blistering skin over the treatment area

Intravenous morphine is prescribed for a patient who has had surgery. The nurse informs the patient that which common adverse side effects can occur with this medication (select all that apply) a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Pruritus d. Urinary frequency e. Nausea

b. Constipation c. Pruritus e. Nausea

When the nurse is providing teaching about eye medications for glaucoma, the nurse tells the patient that miotics help glaucoma by which mechanism of action? a. Decreasing intracranial pressure b. Decreasing intraocular pressure c. Increasing tear production d. Causing pupillary dilation

b. Decreasing intraocular pressure

The nurse is performing wound care on a burned area used silver sulfadiazine cream in a patient with an arm wound. Which actions by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply) a. Applying the cream over the previous layer to avoid disturbing the wound bed b. Gently cleansing the wound to remove the previous layer of cream and wound debris c. Using clean gloves to apply the ointment d. Using sterile gloves to apply the ointment e. Always covering the wound bed with a dressing after applying the cream f. Washing hands before and after the procedure

b. Gently cleansing the wound to remove the previous layer of cream and wound debris d. Using sterile gloves to apply the ointment f. Washing hands before and after the procedure

When assessing a patient who is receiving a direct-acting cholinergic eye drop as part of treatment for glaucoma, the nurse anticipates the drug affects the pupil in which way? a. It causes mydiasis, pupil dilation b. It causes miosis, pupil constriction c. It changes the color of the pupil d. It causes no changes in pupil size

b. It causes miosis, pupil constriction

An opioid analgesic is prescribed for a patient. The nurse checks the patient's medical history knowing this medication is contraindicated in which disorder? a. Renal insufficiency b. Severe asthma c. Liver disease d. Diabetes mellitus

b. Severe asthma

During a patient's recovery from a lengthy surgery, the nurse monitors for signs of malignant hyperthermia. In addition to a rapid rise in body temperature, which assessment finding would indicate the possible presence of this condition? (select all that apply) a. Respiratory depression b. Tachypnea c. Tachycardia d. Seizure activity e. Muscle rigidity

b. Tachypnea c. Tachycardia e. Muscle rigidity

Which drugs have an action similar to that of the naturally occurring hormone ADH? (Select all that apply) a. cosyntropin (Cortosyn) b. desmopressin (DDAVP) c. somatropin (Humatrope) d. vasopressin (Pitressin) e. octreotide (Sandostatin)

b. desmopressin (DDAVP) d. vasopressin (Pitressin)

The nurse is discussing treatment of earwax buildup with a patient. Which statement about earwax emulsifiers is true? These drugs: a. Are useful for treatment of ear infections b. loosen impacted cerumen so that it may be removed by irrigation c. are used to rinse out excessive ear wax d. enhance the secretion of earwax

b. loosen impacted cerumen so that it may be removed by irrigation

During a teaching session about ear drops, the patient tells the nurse, "I know why an antibiotic is in this medicine, but why do I need to take a steroid?" Which is the nurse's best answer? a."The steroid will help soften the cerumen" b."The steroid reduces itching and inflammation" c."The steroid also has antifungal effects" d."This medication helps to anesthetize the area to decrease pain"

b."The steroid reduces itching and inflammation"

When the nurse is teaching a patient about the mechanism of action of the anti-acne drug tretinoin, which statement by the nurse is correct? a."This medication acts by killing the bacteria that cause acne" b."This medication actually causes skin peeling" c."This medication acts by protecting your skin from UV sunlight" d. "This medication has anti-inflammatory actions"

b."This medication actually causes skin peeling"

During patient teaching regarding self-administration of ophthalmic drops, which statement by the nurse is correct? a. "Hold the eye drops over the cornea, and squeeze out the drop" b. "Apply pressure to the lacrimal area for 5 minutes after administration" c. "Be sure to place the drop in the conjunctival sac of the lower eyelid" d. "Squeeze your eyelid closed tightly after placing the drop into your eye"

c. "Be sure to place the drop in the conjunctival sac of the lower eyelid"

Several patients have standard orders for acetaminophen as needed for pain. When the nurse reviews their histories and assessments, the nurse discovers that one of the patients has a contraindication to acetaminophen therapy. What patient would receive an alternative medication? a. A patient with a fever of 103.4 degrees F b. A patient admitted with deep vein thrombosis c. A patient admitted with severe hepatitis d. A patient who had abdominal surgery 1 week earlier

c. A patient admitted with severe hepatitis

During an examination, the nurse notices that a patient has a perforated tympanic membrane. There is an order for eardrops. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Give the medication as ordered b. Check the patient's hearing, and then give the drops c. Hold the medication, and check with the prescriber d. Administer the drops with a cotton wick

c. Hold the medication, and check with the prescriber

The nurse is monitoring for an allergic reaction to topical bacitracin, which would be evident by presence of? a. Petechia b. Thickened skin c. Itching and burning d. Purulent drainage

c. Itching and burning

An older adult has been given a benzodiazepine for sleep induction, but the night nurse was awake most of the night, watching television and reading in bed. The nurse documents that the patient has had which type of reaction to the medication? a. Allergic b. Teratogenic c. Paradoxical d. Idiopathic

c. Paradoxical

Which considerations are important for the nurse to remember when administering a benzodiazepine as a sedative hypnotic drug? (select all that apply) a. These drugs are intended for a long-term management of insomnia b. The drugs can be administered safely with other CNS depressants for insomnia c. The dose needs to be given about 1 hour before the patient's bedtime d. The drug is used as a first choice for treatment of sleepiness e. The patient needs to be evaluated for the drowsiness that may occur the morning after a benzodiazepine is taken

c. The dose needs to be given about 1 hour before the patient's bedtime e. The patient needs to be evaluated for the drowsiness that may occur the morning after a benzodiazepine is taken

The ophthalmologist has given a patient a dose of ocular atropine before an eye examination. Which statement by the nurse accurately explains to the patient the reason for these drops? a. "These drops will cause the surface of your eye to become numb so the doctor can do the examination" b. "These drugs are used to check for any possible foreign bodies or corneal defects that may be in your eye" c. "These drugs will reduce your tear production for the eye exam" d. "These drugs will cause your pupils to dilate, which makes the eye examination easier"

d. "These drugs will cause your pupils to dilate, which makes the eye examination easier" -Atropine is a mydriatic drug

The nurse is preparing to administer the NSAID ketorlac (Acular) eye drops. The patient asks, "Why am I getting these eye drops?" Which is the correct answer by the nurse? a. "These drops will reduce the pressure inside your eye as part of treatment for glaucoma: b. "These drugs are for bacterial eye infection" c. "These drugs will relieve your dry eyes" d. "These drugs work to reduce the inflammation in your eyes"

d. "These drugs work to reduce the inflammation in your eyes"

When monitoring for the therapeutic effects of intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) in a patient who has diabetes insipidus, which assessment finding will the nurse look for as an indication that the medication therapy is successful? a, Increased insulin levels b. Decreased diarrhea c. Improved nasal patency d. Decreased thirst

d. Decreased thirst

The nurse is preparing to administering eardrops. Which technique for administering eardrops is correct? a. Warm the solution to 100 degrees F before using b. Position the patient so the unaffected ear is accessible c. Massage the tragus before administering the eardrops d. Gently insert a cotton ball into the outer ear canal after drops are given

d. Gently insert a cotton ball into the outer ear canal after drops are given

The nurse is reviewing the medication list for a patient who will be starting therapy with somatropin. Which type of drug would raise a concern that needs to be addressed before the patient starts the somatropin? a. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for arthritis b. Anti-depressant drug c. Penicillin d. Glucocorticoid

d. Glucocorticoid

The nurse is preparing to administer eardrops and finds the bottle has been stored in the medication room refrigerator. Which is the best action by the nurse? a. Remove the bottle from the fridge, and administer the drops b. Heat the bottle for 5 seconds in the microwave oven before administering drops c. Let the bottle sit in a cup of hot water for 15 minutes before administration of drops d. Remove the bottle from the fridge for 1 hour before the drops are due to be given

d. Remove the bottle from the fridge for 1 hour before the drops are due to be given

For best results when treating severe pain associated with pathologic spinal fractures related to metastatic bone cancer, the nurse should remember that the best type of dosage schedule is to administer the pain medication a. as needed b. around the clock c. on schedule during waking hour only d. around the clock, with additional doses as needed for breakthrough pain

d. around the clock, with additional doses as needed for breakthrough pain

A patient is suspected of having adrenoocortical insufficiency. The nurse expects to administer which drug to aid in the diagnosis of this condition? a. octreotide (Sandostatin) b. vasopressin (Pitressin) c. somatotropin (Humatrope) d. cosyntropin (Cortrosyn)

d. cosyntropin (Cortrosyn)

When considering the variety of OTC topical corticosteroid products, the nurse is aware that which type of preparation is generally most penetrating and effective? a. Gel b. Lotion c. Spray d. Ointment

d. ointment

The physician has requested "lidocaine with epinephrine." The nurse recognizes that the most important reason for adding epinephrine is that it a. helps to calm the patient before the procedure b. minimizes the risk of an allergic reaction c. enhances the effect the the local lidocaine d. reduces bleeding in the surgical area

d. reduces bleeding in the surgical area