Pharm Quiz and Class Questions
O: 12.5 mg S: 25 mg tablets how much should you administer?
1/2 tablet
For patients with chronic asymptomatic HIV disease, therapy is now recommended when the CD4 counts drop below?
500 cells/mm to the third
What is the most frequently reported STD?
Chlamydia
Which macrolide is the drug of first choice for individuals infected with Bordetella pertussis?
Erythromycin
A patient is admitted to the medical unit with dysuria and a temp of 103.5. The prescribers orders include obtaining a urine for culture and sensitivity and chipper 400 mg/ IV every 12 hours. What is a priory nursing responsibility in this scenario?
Obtain the urine for culture and sensitivity prior to administering the antibiotic
In patients with HIV infection, which laboratory test indicate the magnitude of HIV replication?
Plasma HIV RNA levels
What syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of intravenous vancomycin?
Red man's syndrome
What symptom suggest an ototoxic reaction?
Tinnitus
A patient is being discharged with continued ciprofloxacin therapy. When providing discharge teaching, the nurse should advise the patient to call the health care provider immediately if what develops? a. pain in the heel of the foot b. nausea c. vomiting d. headache
a
Which statement about syphilis does the nurse identify as true? a. penicillin G is the drug of choice for all stages of syphilis b. early signs of congenital syphilis include purulent discharge from urethra. c.the risk of neurosyphilis is decreased in individuals with HIV infections d. Syphilis develops in one abrupt stage
a
Which statement will the nurse include when teaching a patient with HIV about management of the disease? a. HIV is considered a chronic disease b. HIV infection can be cured within 1 year of therapy c. drug resistance does not occur in HIV treatments d. Blood cultures and red blood cell counts are the principal lab tests to guide HIV treatments protools
a
a 17 year old male patient asks about treatment options for chlmydia infection. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. chlamydia is bacterial and treated with azithromycin b. this infection is treatable but is best prevented by vaccination c. the disease is viral and will be treated with valacyclovir d. the infection is fungal, and metronidazole will be prescribd
a
A patient is diagnosed with C. difficile infection the nurse anticipates administering which medication? a. Daptomycin b. metronidazole c. rifampin d. rifaximin
b
What is the adverse effect of penicillins?
allergic reaction
what is the best protection against influenza?
annual vaccination
Your patient is alert and oriented X4 and has a history of a penicillin allergy. Knowing the patient has been prescribed cephalexin, what is the priority action by the nurse?
assess the type of reaction the patient had to the penicillin
A patient asks the nurse what he can do to prevent influenza. What should the nurse do? a. teach the patient about antiviral medications b. instruct the patient to obtain an influenza vaccination c. tell the patient that frequent hand washing is effective d. have the patient wear a mask when in public areas
b
A patient has been prescribed oral ciprofloxcin for a skin infection. When administering the medication, the nurse will a. monitor for a decrease in prothrombin time if the patient is also taking warfarin b. withhold antacids and milk products for 6 hours before or 2 hours after c. inform the healthcare provider if the patient has a history of asthma d. assess the skin for stevens- johnson syndrome
b
A patient is prescribed acyclovir by mouth. The nurse should assess the patient for which adverse effects associated with oral acyclovir therapy? a. stomatitis and gastritis b. nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea c. hives, difficulty breathing, and angioedema d. tinnitus and decreased hearing
b
Which is the preferred drug of choice for healthcare-associated methicillin-resistnat staphylococcus aureus? a. doxycycline b. vancomycin c. nafcillin d. oxacilling
b
which is the preferred drug for the treatment of gonorrhea a. doxycycline and azithromycin b. ceftriaxone c. metronidazole d. acyclovir
b
superinfections occur more often with which category of antibiotics?
broad spectrum antibiotics
A patient is receiving amphotericin B to treat a systemic fungal infection. To prevent renal damage, it is most important for the nurse to do what? a. administer the medication through a central venous access device b. administer potassium supplements. c. administer 1000 mL of 0.9 saline. d. administer the medication orally.
c
Oral candidiasis is also known as
thrush
A patient who takes warfarin is prescribed itraconazole to treat a fungal infection. The nurse will teach the patient to do what? a. take the medication with famotidine to reduce gastric upset. b. prepare for long term intravenous administration of itraconazole c. avoid taking esomeprazole with itraconazole therapy d. double the dose of warfarin.
c
The nurse reviews current results before administering ticarcilling/clavulanates. It would be a priority to report which lab result to the prescriber? a. BNP 65 picograms/dL b. BUN 22 mg/dL c. Hgb 8 g/dL d. WBC 15,000/mm to the third
c
What is the first rule of antimicrobial therapy? a. ask the patient when their symptoms first appeared b. begin empiric therapy as soon as possible c. math the drug to the bug d. always give the antimicrobial IV
c
Which antimicrobials promote the emergence of drug resistance? a. narrow spectrum antibiotics b. antibiotics used prophylactically c. broad spectrum antibiotics d. antibiotic combinations
c
Most cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis are caused by which organism?
candida albicans
Which bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein synthesis causes a high incidence of potentially fatal c. diff
clindamycin
A patient who recently was discharged for the hospital and prescribed chipro phones the prescriber's office complaining of pain about the hell while walking or stretching. The nurse expects the patient to be instructed to a. avoid the treadmill and apply ice b. try isometric exercises prior to walking or stretching c. continue the medication and watch for signs of redness or swelling d. discontinue the medication and avoid weight bearing on the ankle.
d
The patient is prescribed tetracycline for chlamydia trachoma's. Which change in assessment findings would be a priority to report to the prescriber? a. dysuria b. perineal puritis c. vaginal discharge d. watery stool
d
When treating infection, what is the therapeutic objectives of that treatment? a. to promote maximal antimicrobial effects b. to cause minimal harm to the host c. to always kill the organism causing the organism d. both a and b
d
it would be a priory to report which test result if a patient is prescribed tetracycline? a. glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase 8.2 U/g of hemoglobin b. international normalized ratio 1.1 c. sodium 132 mEq/L d. Human chorionic gonadotropiin 5325 miU/mL
d
which is the drug of choice for most systemic mycosis? a. flucytosine b. griseofulvin c. casponfungin d. amphotericin B
d
which statement by a new nurse about IV administration of amphotericin B indicated the nurse needs more education? patients receving amphotericin B experience some degree of nephrotoxicity b. patients receiving amphotericin B should be under close supervision in a hospital c. heparin can be used in the infusion site to prevent phlebitis associated with amphotericin B therapy. d. Diphenhydramine plus acetaminophen can minimize rigors associated with amphotericin B therapy
d
what will liver disease have on drug levels in the body?
drug accumulation
Treating an infection before the lab tests confirm the infecting organism is called?
empiric therapy
A patient may stop their prescribed antibiotic when symptoms clear and they feel well
false
The first sign of impending cochlear damage with a patient on an aminoglycoside is High-pitched tinnitus Persistent headache Vertigo Unsteadiness
high pitched tinnitus
A patient is admitted to a surgical unit from the ER department and prescribed IV ampicillin/sulbactam after a wound was cultured, with the specimen sent to the lab for culture and sensitivity. The nurse understands the priority reason for notifying the prescriber of the culture results as soon as they are available is the Unasyn
is a broad spectrum antibiotic and there ay be an effective narrow spectrum antibiotic
When monitoring serum drug levels in patients receiving divided doses, when are trough levels drawn?
just before administering the next dose
The principal toxicity of vancomycin is
kidney failure (nephrotoxicity)
Bactericidal antibiotics do what?
kill bacteria
Live, attenuated influenza is administered?
nasal spray
The major effects of ahminoglycosides are?
ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
What is the drug of choice for treating all stages of syphilis?
penicillin G
The virus that causes AIDS is a
retrovirus
Resistance to antiretroviral drugs is a major problem. To reduce emergence of resistance, these drugs
should never be given alone
What is the reason tetracylines cause tooth discoloration?
the bind to calcium in developing teeth
Acyclovir, the drug of choice for most infections caused by herpes simplex viruses, is eliminated unchanged by the kidneys. Because of this fact, what must be concluded about the dosage if the patient has renal impairment?
the dosage must be reduced
Why must ahminoglycosides by given parenterally?
the dugs cross membranes poorly