pharm test 4

A client asks a nurse why the health care provider has prescribed two anti-infective agents. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Your infection, like many infections, is caused by more than one organism."

While administering aminoglycosides to clients, the nurse must be aware of what toxicities that can result from their use? (Select all that apply.)

Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity Neurotoxicity

What disorder of the immune system may affect both the skin and the joints?

Psoriasis

A patient received an injection of doxorubicin and is now observing a reddish urine. The patient states, "Do you think I am bleeding?" What is the best response by the nurse?

"The reddish urine is harmless and an expected response to the drug."

A patient will soon begin targeted therapy as a component of her treatment plan for chronic leukemia. The nurse is conducting health education about this new aspect of the patient's drug regimen and the patient has asked about the potential side effects of treatment. How should the nurse best respond?

"Both classes of drugs have adverse effects, but targeted therapies tend to have less of an effect on healthy body cells."

A patient is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The patient is told that the cancer cells proliferate. The patient asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse's best response?

"The proliferation is the growth of cancer cells and the rate of growth."

What are key roles for the nurse in the administration of nonopioid drug therapy? (Select all that apply.)

Administration of the drug therapy Monitoring of response Assessment of pain

What should a nurse recognize as a property of ibuprofen/Motrin? (Select all that apply.)

Antipyretic Anti-inflammatory Analgesic

To decrease the pain and inflammation of a tetanus booster injection, the nurse instructs the patient to take what action to help the inflammatory response in the arm?

Apply heat to the area.

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis and will be taking a sulfonamide for a urinary tract infection. What laboratory results will be most important for the nurse to monitor?

Complete blood count

A client is taking clindamycin for an infectious process and presents to the physician's office with symptoms of dehydration. The nurse understands that the client is experiencing what adverse reaction from the administration of clindamycin?

Diarrhea

Compared with penicillins, cephalosporins more appropriate for treating infection by what type of microorganism?

Gram-negative bacteria

As a class, penicillins usually are more effective in infections caused by which type of bacteria?

Gram-positive

A female client takes an antibiotic, left over from her last bout with bronchitis, when she discovers that her child has developed strep throat. She takes the antibiotic as a preventive measure. What effects might this practice have? (Select all that apply.)

Increasing the risk of infections with drug-resistant microorganisms Increasing adverse drug effects

A patient is receiving carboplatin. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?

Intravenous

Which nonpharmacological intervention may prevent cystitis caused by cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)?

Keeping well hydrated

A nurse in a laboratory class is watching a cell actively divide under a microscope. What stage of cell division is the nurse observing?

M phase

Which would the nurse identify as an antineoplastic antibiotic?

Mitomycin

Which would be considered a penicillinase-resistant antibiotic?

Nafcillin

A patient is allergic to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Which medication is contraindicated due to cross-hypersensitivity reactions?

Naproxen sodium (Naprosyn)

A patient presents to the ED with a minor laceration to his left forearm. What represents the sequence of the inflammatory response caused by the injury?

Redness, swelling, heat, pain

A febrile client is ordered to receive sulfonamide therapy for an infection. The nurse needs to evaluate the client for what during the course of therapy? Select all that apply.

Response to drug therapy Decrease in temperature Occurrence of adverse reactions

When describing the various effects of antineoplastic agents, the nurse explains that antineoplastic drugs primarily affect human cells that are rapidly multiplying, going through the cell cycle quickly. The nurse would identify which cells as an example?

Skin

Which statements are true of aspirin's effects on platelets? (Select all that apply.)

The effect of aspirin on platelets is irreversible. Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation.

When describing the process of cancer cell growth to a client, the nurse addresses angiogenesis. Which description would the nurse include?

The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells

Culture and susceptibility tests are performed prior to the prescription of antimicrobial drugs. What is the specific purpose of the culture?

To identify the organism causing the infection

An adverse effect of tamoxifen therapy involves menopausal symptoms.

True

A client who routinely takes antacids has been prescribed a oral fluoroquinolone for an infection. The nurse instructs the client to take the antibiotic at which times?

Two to four hours before, or six to eight hours after the antacid

Which conditions would contraindicate the use of gold salts? Select all that apply.

Uncontrolled diabetes Hypertension Blood dyscrasias

A patient has come to the short-stay unit to receive their IV chemotherapy. What action by the nurse would be the least beneficial to the patient?

Using an infusion pump to administer the medication

The chemotherapy nurse is preparing to administer cytotoxic chemotherapy medications for administration. Which measure protects the nurse from harm related to the chemotherapy?

Wearing protective equipment

What measure protects the nurse when preparing cytotoxic drugs?

Wearing protective equipment such as gloves, mask, and gown

The drugs used to treat systemic fungal infections can be toxic to the host and are not used indiscriminately. Which client would the nurse be especially cautious with if an antifungal agent was ordered? Select all that apply.

a newly admitted client with suspected fungal infection a 56-year-old with cirrhosis a 4-year-old diagnosed with thrush

An adult patient who has been diagnosed with a rectal tumor is scheduled to begin treatment with cisplatin. The nurse has conducted patient teaching about the possibility of nausea and vomiting. In order to reduce the patient's risk of severe nausea, the nurse should:

administer a combination of antiemetics prior to the administration of the drug.

A woman was diagnosed with necrotizing otitis externa and will soon begin a course of oral ciprofloxacin. When providing health education to this client, the nurse should emphasize the need to temporarily avoid:

calcium antacids.

The oncology nurse understands that chemotherapeutic agents are most effective during a particular phase of the cell cycle. This means the agents are:

cell cycle-specific.

A 42-year-old woman with a systemic fungal infection is admitted to the hospital. The nurse practitioner prescribes ketoconazole. The nurse preparing to administer this medication understands that azole antifungals require caution under certain conditions. To which patient would the nurse be especially cautious about administering this drug? Select all that apply.

client with hepatic dysfunction a pregnant woman with a history of headaches

The nurse understands that the primary adverse reaction of salicylates is:

gastric distress.

A nurse is caring for a 46-year-old female patient who is taking paclitaxel for ovarian cancer. Two or three days after the infusion of the drug, the nurse must closely monitor for:

neurotoxicity.

A 57-year-old male patient who has been prescribed doxorubicin for small-cell lung cancer is advised by the nurse to avoid taking aspirin or drugs that contain aspirin because it may:

promote bleeding.