Pharmacology 1

A nurse is teaching a client who is diagnosed with angina how to properly administer transdermal nitroglycerin. The nurse instructs the client to apply the patch for how long?

10 to 12 hours

A client has been prescribed 200 micrograms of misoprostol to be taken 4 times a day orally for the prevention of gastric ulcers. The drug is available in 100 microgram tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer to the client each time?

2 tablets

A nurse is caring for a 59-year-old client who has been prescribed nitroglycerin to control angina. Which adverse effect might the nurse observe in this client?

hypotension

A 30-year-old female client is prescribed misoprostol. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize in the teaching session for this client?

Use a reliable contraceptive method.

The nurse is about to administer a laxative to a client for the first time. What should be included in client education?

"It is not uncommon to experience some abdominal discomfort and flatulence."

A nurse is teaching a client about musculoskeletal medication that has been prescribed. The client needs further teaching about the medication when making which statements?

"I take my medicine with three to four beers each evening."

A female client is prescribed ranitidine in addition to the antacid that she already takes for gastric reflux. Which statement made by the client indicates that she understood the teaching provided about taking these medications?

"I should take ranitidine 2 hours before or after my antacid dosage."

A 73-year-old woman is experiencing recurrent constipation. The woman reports to the nurse that she experiences constipation despite the fact that she takes docusate on a daily basis and performs cleansing enemas several times weekly. How should the nurse best respond to this client's statements?

"Taking too many laxatives can make your bowels dependent on them, making you more susceptible to constipation."

A nurse is teaching a client with gout the importance of getting adequate fluids. The nurse determines the session is successful when the client correctly plans to drink how much fluid each day?

3000 ml

A client has been prescribed 600 mg of hydroxychloroquine sulfate every day. The available drug is in the form of 150 mg tablets. To meet the recommended dose, how many tables should the nurse administer each day?

4 tablets

Which client would be most likely to benefit from treatment with ondansetron (Zofran)?

A woman who is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of colon cancer

The nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about drugs used for muscle spasms and cramping. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which instruction as relevant to skeletal muscle relaxants?

Avoid alcohol or other CNS depressants.

Which medication would the nurse expect to administer if prescribed to achieve skeletal muscle relaxation?

Baclofen

A client is taking atorvastatin calcium to reduce serum cholesterol. Which aspect of client teaching is most important?

Call the health care provider if muscle pain develops.

A client's history reveals that the client is experiencing intestinal gas. Which medication would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.

Charcoal Simethicone

The nurse should warn a client taking aluminum- and calcium-containing antacids about which adverse effects?

Constipation

The nurse should warn a client taking magnesium- and sodium-containing antacids about which adverse effects?

Diarrhea

A 28-year-old client has been experiencing muscle spasms in the neck from a four-wheeler accident. The client is receiving 10 mg of cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) PO tid. The nurse's teaching plan should include which instruction?

Do not drive or operate heavy machinery for the first week.

A client should be instructed to take sublingual NTG how often if he experiences chest pain?

Every 5 minutes x 3 times

A client has been prescribed esomeprazole (Nexuim). What statement by the client indicates that the client has a good understanding of the newly prescribed drug?

I need to swallow the drug whole and not chew the capsules.

A group of nursing students are analyzing the various categories of upper gastrointestinal system drugs. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which drugs as examples of a proton pump inhibitor?

Omeprazole, Esomeprazole

A nurse is presenting a class to a local women's group on gastrointestinal (GI) problems. How would the nurse tell these women that GI function is best maintained?

Proper diet, fluid intake, and exercise

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving cyclobenzaprine. The nurse would expect to assess which finding as indicating the therapeutic effect of the drug?

Reduction of muscle spasm

A nurse in a health care facility is caring for a client who is receiving an antiemetic to control vomiting related to chemotherapy. Which nursing diagnoses should the nurse prioritize for this client's care plan?

Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed omeprazole and a benzodiazepine. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize?

Risk for toxic level of benzodiazepines

A client has been prescribed a subcutaneous medication to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should teach the client to do which?

Rotate sites when administering the injections

The nurse is preparing to administer an antidiarrheal to a client. The nurse will question this order if which organism is documented on the stool sample report? Select all that apply.

Salmonella Escherichia coli Shigella

A client is being sent home with orders for a laxative PRN. The nurse is conducting client teaching on the use of a laxative. What will the nurse inform the client is one of the most common adverse effects of a laxative?

abdominal cramping

A client's GI discomfort is prescribed antacids. Nursing interventions associated with this prescription should include to:

administer the antacid 1 hour before or 2 hours after other oral medications.

A client using a nitroglycerin patch should avoid

alcoholic beverages

Which drugs treat heartburn by neutralizing the acidity of the stomach by combining with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and increasing the pH of the stomach acid?

aluminum hydroxide

The clinic nurse has been assigned to a 43-year-old client who is obese and loves to eat. The client has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia and has been prescribed lovastatin. Which dietary instruction would be a priority for the nurse to discuss with the client?

avoid grapefruit juice

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed mesalamine and warfarin. Which potential assessment finding should the nurse prioritize in this client?

bleeding

What form of laxative would likely be prescribed to manage long-term constipation?

bulk-forming laxative plus increased water intake

The chest pain and pressure a client experiences during an anginal attack is caused by which of the following?

decreased oxygen supply to the heart

When describing the possible adverse effects associated with nitroglycerin, what would the nurse include?

dizziness

A client who has suffered a myocardial infarction is prescribed a laxative to help prevent straining during defecation. Which medication would the nurse expect to administer?

docusate

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing an acute angina attack. Sublingual nitroglycerin has been administered. The nurse assesses the client's vital signs for which reason?

identify hypotension

The nurse is teaching a client about lansoprazole prescribed for treatment of gastric ulcer. By what mechanism of action does lansoprazole help treat the disease?

inhibiting acid secretion

A hospitalized client's request for a magnesium citrate "bisacodyl pill" every night to "keep regular" should alert the nurse to what potential health risk for the client?

laxative abuse

A client is prescribed ranitidine for the treatment of a peptic ulcer disease and gastric reflux. The dosage of this drug should be reduced if the client has:

renal disease

The nurse is teaching a client about the medication they are receiving as treatment for gout. The nurse determines the session is successful when the client correctly chooses which instruction as most important?

reporting any skin rash

A client is prescribed a bowel evacuant in preparation for a colonoscopy. The client reports "going to the bathroom about every 30 to 45 minutes" and their stools are "like water." The client also reports being thirsty and mouth feels dry. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely prioritize?

risk for imbalanced fluid volume

Which antacids would the nurse identify as being contraindicated in clients with heart failure?

sodium bicarbonate

A client has an elevated total serum cholesterol of 260 mg/dL (14.4 mmol/L). Which aspect of client teaching of lifestyle changes is most important for the client?

stop smoking

A client with gout is prescribed allopurinol. After administering the drug, the nurse observes that the client has developed a skin rash. Which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to do?

Immediately report to the primary healthcare provider

A client is receiving alendronate for osteoporosis. The client has informed the nurse that she has also been taking aspirin. Which interaction should the nurse monitor for in this client? You Selected:

Increased risk of GI bleeding

A client arrives at the walk-in clinic reporting vomiting and a burning sensation in the midepigastric region. The nurse suspects that the client has peptic ulcer disease. Which is a potential cause of peptic ulcer disease?

Infection with H. pylori

A nurse is teaching a client who has just been prescribed lansoprazole (Prevacid). What statement would indicate that the client correctly understands the action of this medication?

The medication inhibits acid secretions.

What is the rationale for using two antimicrobials when treating a Helicobacter pylori infection?

Two antimicrobials are needed to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant H. pylori organisms

Older adults who are unable or unwilling Older adults who are unable or unwilling to eat an adequate diet or who are debilitated may benefit from using bulk-forming laxatives. What is an important teaching regarding intake for anyone using bulk-forming laxatives? intake

ensure adequate fluid intake

A client reports using ginger for motion sickness. The nurse would urge the client to use caution if the client has which medical condition?

gallstones

Which herbal products have been used as a homeopathic remedy for GI problems, including motion sickness, nausea, vomiting, and digestion?

ginger

The client will receive ranitidine (Zantac) 150 mg PO at bedtime. Prior to administration, the nurse should inform the client that common side effects related to this medication include:

headache

A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer due to H. pylori. The nurse would anticipate administering which agent in conjunction with an antibiotic?

omeprazole

A client is prescribed misoprostol. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?

oral

Which disease is a result of cellular destruction of the gastrointestinal tract resulting from regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy?

peptic ulcer disease

A client with constipation is prescribed psyllium. The client asks the nurse how the client should take the medication. What is the nurse's best response?

take with 8oz of water

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing stomach hyperacidity. The health care provider has prescribed aluminum carbonate gel. The nurse would administer this drug cautiously to the client with which condition?

upper gi bleeding

A client is receiving hydroxychloroquine for a musculoskeletal disorder. Which adverse reactions are irreversible and needs to be reported immediately?

visual changes