Pharmacology ATI

when reviewing a list of drugs in a drug handbook, a nurse can identify the generic name for a drug in which of the following ways? a. it begins with a lower-case letter b. it is listed in parentheses along with the trade name c. there are both letters and numbers in the name d. the chemical name is listed in parentheses before the generic name

a

a nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has newly diagnosed seizure disorder and a new prescription for valproic acid and phenytoin. the nurse should identify that which of the following can occur as a result of an interaction between these drugs? a. hyperammonemia b. phenytoin toxicity c. hypertension d. peptic ulcer disease

b

a nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? a. hirsutism b. depression c. jaundice d. gum irritation

c

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a drug. after receiving the first dose of the drug, the client experiences anaphylaxis. the nurse should identify that anaphylaxis represents which of the following results of the drug? a. adverse effect b. paradoxical effect c. therapeutic effect d. toxicity

a

a nurse is caring for a client who has been taking amphetamime/dextroamphetamine sulfate for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disoder (ADHD) for 2 weeks. the nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider? a. weight loss of 2.3 kg (5lbs) b. BP 110/70 mmHg c. apical pulse 80/min d. respiratory rate 16/min

a

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking diphenhydramine for insomnia and reports drowsiness. the nurse should identify that drowsiness indicates which of the following? a. therapeutic effect b. adverse reaction c. contraindication d. precaution

a

a nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed an antidepressant based on its ability to prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitters. the nurse should identify that which of the following terms described why this drug was prescribed for the client? a. pharmacologic action b. chemical stability c. route d. adverse effects

a

a nurse is reviewing drugs in a drug reference. the nurse should identify that drugs in the same class share which of the following similarities? a. they have similar mechanisms of actions b. they have the same half-life c. they are administered by the same route d. they have similar availability

a

a nurse is teaching a client about interferon beta-1a. which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client avoid the adverse effects of this drug? a. premedicate with acetaminophen b. take the drug with food c. increase your fluid intake d. take the drug in the morning

a

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a drug that has a receptor agonist effect. which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. this will increase the effects of normal cellular function b. this prevents cells in your body from performing certain actions c. this prevents hormones in your body from attaching to cell receptor sites d. this minimizes the risk that the medications you take will become toxic

a

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for baclofen. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. avoid driving until the drug's effects are evident b. stop taking the drug immediately if headache occurs c. take the drug as needed for spasticity d. take the drug with antacids to reduce gastric effects

a

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for carbamazepine. which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client avoid adverse effects of this drug? a. begin taking the drug at a low dosage b. discontinue the drug immediately if diarrhea occurs c. have serum glucose levels checked regularly d. take the drug on an empty stomach

a

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for modafinil to treat narcolepsy. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. take the drug in the morning b. take the drug 30 minutes before bedtime c. anticipate daytime drowsiness d. expect urinary frequency

a

a nurse is teaching a client who is about to begin sumatriptan therapy to treat migraine headaches. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? a. chest pain b. polyuria c. joint pain d. insomnia

a

a nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa/carbidopa to treat parkinson's disease. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension b. eat a high protein snack to increase absorption c. take the drug at bedtime to avoid daytime drowsiness d. expect eye twitching to develop with long-term therapy

a

a nurse is obtaining a client's health history and discovers that the client takes loratadine, an over-the-counter drug. the nurse should identify that which of the following is correct regarding over-the-counter drugs? (select all that apply) a. they do not require the supervision of a nurse b. they can interact with other dtugs c. they should be included in the client's drug history assessment d. they are less effective than prescription drugs e. they do not cause toxicity

a, b, c

a nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum and breastfeeding. the client asks the nurse about the effects that taking over-the-counter drugs will have on her newborn. which of the following should the nurse consider when recommending a drug for the client? (select all that apply) a. the newborn's weight b. how much breast milk the newborn consumes each day c. whether or not the benefits to the client outweigh the risks to the newborn d. the properties of the drug e. the route of administration of the drug

a, b, c, d

a nurse is preparing to teaching a client how to take care of a newly created colostomy. the nurse should identify that which of the following factors can decrease the client's ability to learn? (select all that apply) a. impaired cognitive level b. language barrier c. discomfort d. repetition of teaching e. unreadiness to learn

a, b, c, e

a nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a drug with a high potential for toxicity. which of the following information should the nurse include? (select all that apply) a. periodic lab tests are essential to measure serum drug levels b. monitoring for indications of toxicity is important c. taking the drug with an inducing drug agent will increase possibility of toxicity d. taking the smallest effective dose is crucial e. increasing fluid intake is recommended to avoid toxicity

a, b, d

a nurse is caring for a client who arrived at an emergency department following a bee sting. which of the following findings indicates an anaphylactic reaction? (select all that apply) a. low blood pressure b. wheezing c. bradycardia d. peripheral edema e. difficulty swallowing

a, b, e

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetaminophen and codeine for pain relief. these analgesic drugs interact with one another to cause an additive effect. the nurse should identify that which of the following are characteristics of additive drug interactions? (select all that apply) a. clients can acheive desired effects with the use of lower dosages b. taking the two drugs together can reduce the effects of one or both drugs c. taking the two drugs together can potentiate the effects of one or both drugs d. the two drugs can produce an action neither would have produced alone e. both drugs have similar actions

a, e

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. the nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests require monitoring? a. serum potassium b. liver function c. serum sodium d. thyroid function

b

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for pramipexole to treat Parkinson's disease. the nurse should recognize that which of the following lab tests requires monitoring? a. c-reactive protein b. creatinine clearance c. thyroid function d. CBC

b

a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methohexital sodium. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? a. cardiac excitability b. respiratory depression c. hyperthermia d. hypertension

b

a nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. in which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the client can receive the drug? a. adverse effects b. contraindications c. implementation d. black box warning

b

a nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. in which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the drug has more than one use? a. adverse effects b. indications c. pharmacokinetics d. nursing implications

b

a nurse is preparing to administer sumatriptan to a client for the first time. the nurse should instruct the client that sumatriptan is indicated for which of the following conditions? a. tonic-clonic seizures b. presence of migraine headache c. exacerbation of multiple sclerosis d. Alzheimer's disease

b

a nurse is preparing to teach a client about newly prescribed drug. prior to providing teaching, the nurse should review the precautions section of a drug handbook for which of the following reasons? a. to determine drug-food interactions b. to determine if dosage modification is indicated c. to determine how the drug is absorbed d. to determine availability

b

a nurse is reviewing a drug handbook prior to administering a drug to a client who has kidney disease. the handbook states that the drug can be administered by identifies certain risks. which of the following terms describes these risks? a. contraindications b. precautions c. paradoxical effects d. adverse effects

b

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (select all that apply) a. hirsutism b. drowsiness c. headache d. ataxia e. rash

b, c, e

a nurse is administering fentanyl to a client to reduce pain. which of the following drugs should the nurse have available to reverse the effects of fentanyl? a. neostigmine b. succinylcholine c. naloxone d. dantrolene

c

a nurse is caring for a client who has a history of renal insufficiency and is taking lithium. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following? a. tolerance to the drug b. drug interaction c. drug toxicity d. dependence on the drug

c

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphetamine sulfate. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? a. hypotension b. tinnitus c. tachycardia d. bronchospasm

c

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. the nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects? a. slow heart rate b. cough c. diarrhea d. hearing loss

c

a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving nitroglycerin IV and is switching to the oral form of the drug. the nurse should identify that the oral dose will be higher than the IV dose for which of the following reasons? a. the IV form crosses the blood-brain barrier b. the oral form has a decreased half-life c. the oral form has decreased bioavailability because of the first-pass effect d. the oral form has an increased rate of excretion

c

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking donepezil to treat Alzheimer's disease. for which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? a. confusion b. dry mouth c. nausea d. double vision

c

a nurse is obtaining a client's health history. the client reports no allergies but has experienced milk itching while taking amoxicillin in the past. which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. itching is an expected adverse effect of amoxicillin b. itching can indicate amoxicillin toxicity c. itching can indicate a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin d. itching can result from dry skin, which is often caused by amoxicillin

c

a nurse is preparing to administer memantine to a client who has Alzheimer's disease. which of the following findings in the client's medical history indicates a need to withhold the drug and notify the provider? a. pancreatic cancer b. hypotension c. cirrhosis d. osteoporosis

c

a nurse is caring for a client who has been taking selegiline to treat Parkinson's disease. the provider is considering the use of analgesics for the client but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegilline and meperidine can result in which of the following? a. frequent urination b. jaundice c. cellulitis d. muscle rigidity

d

a nurse is caring for a client who is newly admitted to the facility for chest pain. at which of the following times should the nurse begin teaching about drugs and discharge planning? a. after the client has a definitive diagnosis b. on the day of the discharge c. when the client's family members are present d. as soon as possible

d

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking interferon beta-1b. the nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a potential serious adverse effect of this drug? a. tinnitus b. twitching eyelids c. blue green skin discoloration d. fatigue

d

a nurse is providing teaching to a pregnant client who is taking captopril, an ACE inhibitor, to treat hypertension. the nurse informs the client that captopril is a teratogenic drug. the nurse should explain that teratogenic drugs can cause which of the following? a. maternal bleeding b. maternal blood clots c. gestational diabetes mellitus d. fetal malformation

d

a nurse is speaking to a client who is taking sertraline and reports drinking grapefruit juice. the nurse explains that grapefruit juice inhibits an enzyme in the liver that is used to metabolize sertraline. the nurse should recognize the client's risk for which of the following? a. reduced drug absorption b. drug dependence c. altered drug distribution d. drug toxicity

d

a nurse is teaching a client about naproxen enteric-coated tablets. which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. drug absorption occurs in the stomach b. you should expect immediate absorption of the drug c. you should allow the tablet to dissolve in your mouth d. do not crush or chew the tablet

d

a nurse is teaching a client about the adverse effects of digoxin. which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. adverse effects are the intended effects of the medication b. adverse effects indicate a severe allergy to the medication c. decrease your medication dose if adverse effects occur d. contact your provider if adverse effects occur

d

a nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease about how levodopa/carbidopa can help control symptoms. the nurse should identify that the drug has which of the following pharmacologic effects? a. increases available acetylcholine in the brain b. inhibits norepinephrine metabolism in the brain c. inhibits serotonin metabolism in the brain d. increases available dopamine in the brain

d

a nurse is teaching a client who is alzheimer's disease and their caregiver about memantine. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. increase fluid intake to improve renal excretion b. report memory loss or confusion c. watch for signs of liver impairment, such as jaundice and abdominal pain d. avoid taking over-the-counter antacids

d

a nurse is teaching a client who received a prescription for interferon beta-1a for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. which of the following information should the nurse include? a. have kidney function tests done every month for a year b. take an extra dose is muscle aches occur c. store the drug at room temperature after mixing it d. administer the drug in your thigh or upper arm

d

a nurse is teaching the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease about donepezil. which of the following information should the nurse include? a. monitor for constipation b. the dosage will be increased weekly to provide optimum therapeutic effect c. administering the drug first thing in the morning promotes effectiveness d. avoid use of NSAIDs for pain

d