Pharmacology ATI Quizbank hard Questions
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking varenicline for smoking cessation. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? A. Mood changes B. Nausea C. Altered sense of taste D. Skin rash
Correct Answer: A. Mood changes
A nurse is monitoring a client who has diabetes insipidus and was administered desmopressin. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication? A. Thirst B. Nocturia C. Headache D. Heart palpitations
Correct Answer: C. Headache
A nurse is caring for a client who takes sulfasalazine twice daily for rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following values should the nurse review prior to the administration of the medication? A. Respirations B. Serum creatinine level C. Blood pressure D. Complete blood count
Correct Answer: D. Complete blood count
A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking rifampin. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? A. "I have noticed my urine is orange in color." B. "I sleep more than I used to." C. "My tongue and mouth are sore." D. "My voice seems hoarse."
Correct Answer: A. "I have noticed my urine is orange in color."
A nurse is teaching to a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus about a new prescription for oral glucocorticoid therapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should take a calcium supplement while on this medication." B. "Regular liver function studies will have to be done while I am taking this medication." C. "I can take NSAIDs to treat mild pain while using this medication." D. "I will be sure to eat 6 small meals a day to prevent hypoglycemia from this medication."
Correct Answer: A. "I should take a calcium supplement while on this medication."
A nurse is teaching a client who has chemotherapy-induced anemia and a prescription for epoetin alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of epoetin alpha? A. Hypertension B. Leukocytosis C. Bone pain D. Neutropenia
Correct Answer: A. Hypertension
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute gout attack. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications? A. Naproxen B. Pegloticase C. Probenecid D. Allopurinol
Correct Answer: A. Naproxen
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for lisinopril. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as an adverse effect of lisinopril? A. Tongue swelling B. Low potassium level C. Runny nose D. Bruising
Correct Answer: A. Tongue swelling
A nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and a prescription for memantine. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to receiving this medication? A. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 60 units/L B. Creatinine clearance 35 mL/min C. HbA1c 5% D. BMI 31
Correct Answer: B. Creatinine clearance 35 mL/min
A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD and has been taking fluticasone via inhaler for many years. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of long-term use of this medication? A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 B. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 82 units/L C. Anorexia and weakness D. Varicose veins in the lower extremities
Correct Answer: C. Anorexia and weakness
A nurse is preparing to administer timolol eye drops to a client who has primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should recognize that which of the following conditions in the client's medical history is a contraindication to receiving this medication? A. Hypertension B. Peripheral vision loss C. Asthma D. Increased intraocular pressure
Correct Answer: C. Asthma
A nurse is caring for a client with a pseudomonas infection who has a new prescription for ticarcillin-clavulanate. Which of the following data should the nurse collect before administering this medication? A. Indications of superinfection B. Peak and trough medication levels C. Baseline BUN and creatinine D. History of allergy to aminoglycoside antibiotics
Correct Answer: C. Baseline BUN and creatinine
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse identify as reflecting a contraindication to receiving vasopressin to treat this disorder? A. Sodium 152 mEq/L B. Potassium 6.0 mEq/L C. Creatinine clearance 50 mL/min D. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 52 units/L
Correct Answer: C. Creatinine clearance 50 mL/min
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). The nurse should expect to find an improvement in which of the following conditions as a result of this medication? A. Gouty arthritis B. Dehydration C. Diabetes insipidus D. Hypokalemia
Correct Answer: C. Diabetes insipidus
A nurse is teaching a client who has severe generalized rheumatoid arthritis and is scheduled to start taking prednisone for long-term therapy. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following as an adverse effect of prednisone? A. Thrombosis B. Immunosuppression C. Gastric ulceration D. Liver toxicity
Correct Answer: C. Gastric ulceration
A nurse is teaching the guardian of a school-aged child about growth hormone therapy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Your child will grow an extra 4 to 6 inches while receiving hormone therapy." B. "Hormone injection therapy will occur for 2 to 3 years." C. "Your child will receive hormone injections no more often than 1 to 2 times each week." D. "The hormone injections are administered subcutaneously."
Correct Answer: D. "The hormone injections are administered subcutaneously."
A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine 50 mg via IV bolus to a client who is having an allergic reaction. The client has an IV infusion containing a medication that is incompatible with diphenhydramine in solution. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Choose an IV port for IV bolus injection of diphenhydramine as near as possible to the client's hanging IV bag B. Flush the IV tubing with 2 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride before and after administering diphenhydramine C. Allow the IV infusion to keep running while administering the diphenhydramine via IV bolus D. Aspirate to check for IV patency before administering the diphenhydramine
Correct Answer: D. Aspirate to check for IV patency before administering the diphenhydramine
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a seizure disorder and a new prescription for valproic acid. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse plan to monitor? (Select all that apply.) A. BUN B. PTT C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) D. Urinalysis E. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
Correct Answers: B. PTT C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) E. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
A nurse is preparing to administer amlodipine to a client who has hypertension. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of the medication? (Select all that apply.) A. Dizziness B. Pale appearance C. Palpitations D. Abdominal pain E. Peripheral edema
Correct Answers: A. Dizziness C. Palpitations E. Peripheral edema Rationale: The nurse should monitor this client who is taking amlodipine for dizziness, palpitations, and peripheral edema as adverse effects of the medication. The nurse should advise the client to avoid activities that require alertness until the effect of the medication is known and to notify the provider if any of these adverse effects occur.
A nurse is teaching about adverse effects of ergotamine with a client who has migraine headaches. Which of the following client statements should indicate an understanding of the teaching? A. "If I overuse this medication, I might become addicted to it." B. "This medication is okay to use during pregnancy." C. "Tingling in my fingers and toes is an adverse effect that goes away with continued use." D. "I will experience restlessness as an adverse effect when I begin taking this medication"
Correct Answer: A. "If I overuse this medication, I might become addicted to it."
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a bacterial infection about adverse effects of imipenem to report to the provider. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. "Seizures can occur with this medication." B. "You should observe for manifestations of bleeding." C. "Check your hands and feet for sensory dysfunction." D. "This medication can increase the risk of ototoxicity."
Correct Answer: A. "Seizures can occur with this medication."
A nurse is caring for a client with premenstrual disorder (PMD) who has a prescription for fluoxetine. The client asks the nurse, "When should I notice the benefits of this medication?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "You should expect decreased manifestations within a few days." B. "Manifestations decrease after about 2 months." C. "You should expect decreased manifestations immediately." D. "Manifestations will decrease after several weeks."
Correct Answer: A. "You should expect decreased manifestations within a few days."
An 18-month-old toddler who has Kawasaki disease (KD). The child is receiving intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). The guardian asks the nurse to administer the child's scheduled measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine before discharge. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A. "Your child will not be able to receive the MMR vaccine for at least 3 months after discharge." B. "I cannot administer routine vaccines to children while they are in the hospital." C. "Your child can receive the MMR vaccine once his fever is gone." D. "I can administer the measles and rubella vaccines, but I cannot administer the mumps vaccine."
Correct Answer: A. "Your child will not be able to receive the MMR vaccine for at least 3 months after discharge."
A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving gentamicin IM and has a new prescription to obtain gentamicin peak and trough levels. At which of the following times should the nurse plan to obtain a blood sample to evaluate the gentamicin peak? A. 1 hour after administering the IM injection B. Just before administering the IM injection C. 12 hours after the last IM injection D. 30 minutes after administering the IM injection
Correct Answer: A. 1 hour after administering the IM injection
A nurse is preparing to administer a hydromorphone IV infusion to a client for pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Administer the medication over 4 to 5 minutes B. Place the client in a high-Fowler's position C. Assess the client's pain level after administering the medication D. Review the client's last set of vital signs
Correct Answer: A. Administer the medication over 4 to 5 minutes
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and a prescription for zileuton. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor while the client is taking this medication? A. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) B. WBC count C. Potassium D. Chloride
Correct Answer: A. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the manifestations of progestin deficiency for clients who take a combination oral contraceptive (OC). Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching as an indication of progestin deficiency? A. Amenorrhea B. Weight gain C. Depression D. Acne
Correct Answer: A. Amenorrhea
A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who has major depressive disorder and a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the plan as safe for the client to consume while taking phenelzine? A. Broiled beef steak B. Macaroni and cheese C. Pepperoni pizza D. Smoked salmon
Correct Answer: A. Broiled beef steak
A nurse is completing the admission history for a client who reports drinking 1 pint of whiskey every day for 6 years. The client's last drink was 10 hr ago. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer upon admission? A. Chlordiazepoxide B. Disulfiram C. Naloxone D. Acetaminophen
Correct Answer: A. Chlordiazepoxide
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute gout attack. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications? A. Colchicine B. Allopurinol C. Probenecid D. Pegloticase
Correct Answer: A. Colchicine
A nurse is caring for a client who takes Ginkgo biloba daily at home. Which of the following effects should the nurse expect from the use of this herbal supplement? A. Decreased platelet aggregation B. Prevention of migraine headaches C. Increased risk of deep-vein thrombosis D. Lowered cholesterol and triglyceride levels
Correct Answer: A. Decreased platelet aggregation
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client requires intervention? A. Heart rate 106/min B. Dry skin C. Oral temperature 36.8°C (98.2°F) D. Lethargy
Correct Answer: A. Heart rate 106/min
A nurse is preparing to administer dantrolene to a client who has muscle spasticity. Which of the following findings from the client's medical history should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the administration of this medication? A. History of cirrhosis B. History of multiple sclerosis C. History of cerebral palsy D. History of malignant hyperthermia
Correct Answer: A. History of cirrhosis
A nurse is planning care for a client with thrombophlebitis who has a prescription to receive heparin via continuous IV infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Infuse the heparin using an electronic IV pump B. Administer vitamin K if the client has indications of hemorrhage C. Adjust the dosage of heparin based on the client's PT levels D. Inform the client that the heparin will dissolve the thrombus
Correct Answer: A. Infuse the heparin using an electronic IV pump
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for doxycycline. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? A. Photosensitivity B. Constipation C. Ototoxicity D. Blurred vision
Correct Answer: A. Photosensitivity
A nurse is caring for a client who received spinal anesthesia 30 minutes ago. The client reports feeling dizzy, and the nurse notes that the client's blood pressure is 84/54 mmHg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Place the client in the head-down position B. Assess the placement of the catheter C. Prepare to administer an IV reversal agent D. Assist the client in passive range of motion movements
Correct Answer: A. Place the client in the head-down position
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about a new subcutaneous insulin infusion pump. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Plan to use a type of short-duration insulin in the infusion pump B. Replace the infusion pump set every 4 days C. Turn off the infusion pump for at least 3 hours each day D. Move the infusion pump catheter 1.27 cm (0.5 in) away from the old site
Correct Answer: A. Plan to use a type of short-duration insulin in the infusion pump
A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a new prescription for pravastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice. B. Pravastatin can be continued during pregnancy. C. Pravastatin should be taken with the morning meal. D. Laboratory testing to monitor the client's WBC count is required.
Correct Answer: A. Pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving bleomycin IV to treat lymphoma. Which of the following assessments is the nurse's priority? A. Pulmonary function B. CBC C. Urinary output D. Peripheral edema
Correct Answer: A. Pulmonary function
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client. The medication administration record shows the client is taking clopidogrel. Which of the following events should the nurse expect in the client's medical history? A. Recent myocardial infarction B. History of hemorrhagic stroke C. Current outbreak of psoriasis D. History of hypertension
Correct Answer: A. Recent myocardial infarction
A nurse is preparing to administer IV nitroprusside for a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Regulate the infusion pump rate using the client's weight in the calculation B. Change the IV solution bag every 48 hr after the time of preparation C. Ensure the freshly prepared IV solution has a slight greenish tint D. Cover the medication with an amber plastic bag to protect it from light
Correct Answer: A. Regulate the infusion pump rate using the client's weight in the calculation
A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about administering morphine via IV bolus to a client. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Respiratory depression can occur 7 min after the morphine is administered. B. The morphine will peak in 10 min. C. Withhold the morphine if the client has a respiratory rate of <16/min. D. Administer the morphine over 2 min.
Correct Answer: A. Respiratory depression can occur 7 min after the morphine is administered.
A nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has cystic fibrosis (CF) and has been using a corticosteroid inhaler for long-term treatment. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of long-term use of this medication? A. Small stature for age B. Decreased weight C. Poor dentition D. Atrophied muscles
Correct Answer: A. Small stature for age
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for subdermal etonogestrel. The nurse should alert the provider about which of the following findings in the client's medical history? A. Takes St. John's wort B. Breastfeeds a 6-month-old infant C. Has a parent with hypertension D. Has a positive human papillomavirus (HPV) test result
Correct Answer: A. Takes St. John's wort
A nurse is planning care for a female client who has severe irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) and a new prescription for alosetron. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. The client must sign an agreement with the provider before beginning alosetron. B. The client must stop taking alosetron if diarrhea continues for 1 week after beginning the medication. C. The client should expect to have a slower heart rate while taking alosetron. D. The client should use a barrier birth control method because alosetron interacts with oral contraceptives.
Correct Answer: A. The client must sign an agreement with the provider before beginning alosetron.
A nurse in a long-term care facility is administering medications to a group of older adult clients. Which of the following factors of pharmacokinetics should the nurse consider when caring for this age group? A. The excretion of medication is reduced. B. The percentage of medication absorbed is increased. C. The liver metabolizes medication more quickly. D. The rate at which the liver metabolizes medication declines with age.
Correct Answer: A. The excretion of medication is reduced.
A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine to a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should identify which of the following laboratory results as supporting the administration of this medication? A. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 8 microunits/mL B. Free triiodothyronine (T3) 300 pg/dL C. Free thyroxine (T4) 7 mcg/dL D. Thyroxine-binding globulin 2.3 mg/dL
Correct Answer: A. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 8 microunits/mL
A nurse is assessing a client who reports using several herbal and vitamin supplements daily, including saw palmetto. The nurse should recognize that saw palmetto is a supplement used by clients to elicit which of the following therapeutic effects? A. Urinary health promotion B. Immune system stimulation C. Decreased leg pain from arterial disease D. Prevention of nausea caused by motion sickness
Correct Answer: A. Urinary health promotion
A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe methotrexate at which of the following times? A. Within 3 months of the initial diagnosis B. When NSAIDs have not provided pain relief C. During an exacerbation of symptoms D. Once bone degeneration progresses
Correct Answer: A. Within 3 months of the initial diagnosis
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and advanced rheumatoid arthritis and deformity of the hands. The nurse should anticipate that the client will receive which of the following medication-delivery devices for the treatment of asthma? A. Dry-powder inhaler (DPI) B. Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with spacer C. Respimat D. Nebulizer
Correct Answer: A. Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for alosetron. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "Nausea is a common adverse effect of this medication." B. "I should contact my provider immediately if I experience constipation." C. "If I do not respond to treatment at the lowest dosage, my provider may continue to increase the dosage at weekly intervals." D. "Abdominal pain with diarrhea can indicate a serious complication."
Correct Answer: B. "I should contact my provider immediately if I experience constipation."
A nurse is teaching a client who has persistent cancer pain about the adverse effects of opioids. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Opioids do not relieve pain without causing severe adverse effects." B. "Physical dependence is not the same as addiction." C. "Tolerance typically means that the medication will no longer be effective." D. "The most common adverse effect is respiratory depression with prolonged use."
Correct Answer: B. "Physical dependence is not the same as addiction."
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has received a liver transplant and has a prescription to transition from cyclosporine to tacrolimus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Take both medications together for 72 hr and then stop taking the cyclosporine." B. "Stop taking the cyclosporine for 24 hr and then begin taking the tacrolimus." C. "Alternate taking the medications for 48 hr and then take only the tacrolimus." D. "If adverse reactions to the tacrolimus occur, stop taking it and restart the cyclosporine."
Correct Answer: B. "Stop taking the cyclosporine for 24 hr and then begin taking the tacrolimus."
A nurse is teaching a client who is postmenopausal and has a prescription for alendronate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You can lie down 15 minutes after taking this medication." B. "Take this medication on an empty stomach." C. "Crush this medication to improve absorption." D. "Avoid taking antacids or supplements that contain calcium while taking this medication."
Correct Answer: B. "Take this medication on an empty stomach."
A nurse is administering an enteric-coated tablet to a client and explaining the pharmaceutical preparation. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "This coated tablet dissolves better in your stomach and intestines." B. "You are less likely to have an upset stomach with this pill because of the coating on the tablet." C. "The coating on the tablet improves the absorption of the medication." D. "The coating on the tablet allows a gradual release of the medication."
Correct Answer: B. "You are less likely to have an upset stomach with this pill because of the coating on the tablet."
. A nurse is evaluating how a client who is pregnant is responding to a medication. Which of the following physiological effects of pregnancy should the nurse take into consideration? A. Increased intestinal transit rate B. Accelerated excretion of fluids C. Reduced renal blood flow D. Decreased hepatic metabolism
Correct Answer: B. Accelerated excretion of fluids
A nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider using to determine the presence of adrenal insufficiency? A. Prednisone B. Cosyntropin C. Dexamethasone D. Ketoconazole
Correct Answer: B. Cosyntropin
A nurse is assisting with a client's laceration repair in which the provider will use both lidocaine and epinephrine. The nurse should inform the client that the epinephrine will perform which of the following actions? A. Act as a catalyst for the anesthetic properties of lidocaine B. Delay systemic absorption of the anesthetic properties of lidocaine C. Open the blood vessels for rapid anesthesia from the lidocaine D. Prevent medication toxicity during the procedure
Correct Answer: B. Delay systemic absorption of the anesthetic properties of lidocaine
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acarbose to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. For which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse monitor the client? A. Insomnia B. Diarrhea C. Joint pain D. Polycythemia
Correct Answer: B. Diarrhea
A nurse is admitting a client who has atrial fibrillation with a heart rate of 155/min. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications? A. Atropine B. Diltiazem C. Epinephrine D. Vasopressin
Correct Answer: B. Diltiazem
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking selegiline. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of selegiline and notify the provider if it occurs? A. Bruising B. Drowsiness C. Coughing D. Constipation
Correct Answer: B. Drowsiness
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving cefotetan 1 g via intermittent IV bolus every 12 hr to treat a postoperative infection. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect of the medication? A. Disorientation B. Epistaxis C. Constipation D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: B. Epistaxis
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client with rheumatoid arthritis who has a prescription for infliximab. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the client receiving this medication? A. Psoriatic arthritis B. Hepatitis B virus C. Ulcerative colitis D. Ankylosing spondylitis
Correct Answer: B. Hepatitis B virus
A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about metoclopramide. The nurse should highlight that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to this medication? A. Hyperthyroidism B. Intestinal obstruction C. Glaucoma D. Low blood pressure
Correct Answer: B. Intestinal obstruction
A nurse is caring for a client who is at 28 weeks gestation and is experiencing preterm labor. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer? A. Oxytocin B. Nifedipine C. Dinoprostone D. Misoprostol
Correct Answer: B. Nifedipine
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has been taking a vitamin D supplement. Which of the following findings from the client's record should the nurse identify as a risk factor for developing vitamin D deficiency? A. Middle-age B. Obesity C. Dark-colored eyes D. Light-pigmented skin
Correct Answer: B. Obesity
A nurse is caring for a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a new prescription for etanercept. Which of the following values should the nurse review prior to the administration of the medication? A. Ability to swallow B. Results of last purified protein derivative (PPD) test C. Serum creatinine level D. Blood glucose level
Correct Answer: B. Results of last purified protein derivative (PPD) test
A nurse is caring for a client who has cystic fibrosis (CF) and has a prescription for high-dose ibuprofen daily. The nurse should identify that which of the following is an expected outcome for the client receiving this medication? A. Thinned pulmonary secretions that are retained in the airways B. Slowed progression of pulmonary damage C. Potentiated action of bronchodilator therapy D. Decreased risk of fevers associated with CF
Correct Answer: B. Slowed progression of pulmonary damage
A nurse in a provider's office is providing teaching to a client with osteoporosis who has a new prescription for alendronate sodium. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. Alendronate sodium can be administered by IV once yearly. B. Take alendronate sodium with a full glass of water on an empty stomach. C. Side effects of alendronate sodium include leukopenia. D. Alendronate sodium should be taken with calcium-containing foods to increase absorption.
Correct Answer: B. Take alendronate sodium with a full glass of water on an empty stomach.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report for a client who is taking tobramycin and notes that the peak blood level is 9.3 mcg/mL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Administer half of the prescribed dosage at the client's next scheduled dose B. Tell the client that the medication seems to be appropriate C. Advise the client to drink more water throughout the day D. Ask if the client has been experiencing any peripheral neuropathy
Correct Answer: B. Tell the client that the medication seems to be appropriate
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for fexofenadine for a 7-year-old client who has seasonal allergies. Which of the following findings should the nurse clarify with the provider? A. The prescription says to avoid taking the medicine with orange juice. B. The prescription says to take standard tablets. C. The prescription says to take 30 mg twice daily. D. The prescription says to administer the medicine orally.
Correct Answer: B. The prescription says to take standard tablets.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching about lithium toxicity to a client who has a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should take naproxen if I have a headache because aspirin can cause lithium toxicity." B. "I can develop lithium toxicity if I eat foods with lots of sodium." C. "I can develop lithium toxicity if I experience vomiting or diarrhea." D. "I might need to take a daily diuretic along with my lithium to prevent lithium toxicity."
Correct Answer: C. "I can develop lithium toxicity if I experience vomiting or diarrhea."
A nurse is monitoring a client who received diphenoxylate-atropine. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective? A. "I feel a little drowsy with this medication." B. "I am now drinking much more water." C. "I have not had a bowel movement today." D. "I no longer feel chest tightness."
Correct Answer: C. "I have not had a bowel movement today."
A nurse is teaching a female client who has a new prescription for misoprostol to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching was effective? A. "I should avoid taking NSAIDs while using this medication." B. "Misoprostol is used to treat stress-induced gastric ulcers." C. "I should avoid becoming pregnant while taking this medication." D. "This medication is also used to treat dysmenorrhea."
Correct Answer: C. "I should avoid becoming pregnant while taking this medication."
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about a new prescription for pioglitazone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Monitor for hypoglycemia 6 hours after taking the medication." B. "This medication cannot be taken if you have a sulfa allergy." C. "This medication can be taken when using insulin." D. "This medication is effective for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus."
Correct Answer: C. "This medication can be taken when using insulin."
A nurse is teaching a client who has been taking an NSAID to treat rheumatoid arthritis. During the client's first month checkup, the provider prescribed methotrexate to be added to the medication regimen. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching about the purpose of this change in the client's medication? A. "Your current medication was not strong enough to manage this condition." B. "Once your blood levels of methotrexate are within the therapeutic range, the NSAID will be discontinued." C. "This medication was added to delay the disease progression." D. "Treating this disease with 2 medications will help protect you from becoming treatment-resistant."
Correct Answer: C. "This medication was added to delay the disease progression."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has tuberculosis (TB) and a prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "You'll need to take this medication for the rest of your life to prevent recurrence." B. "Your provider will monitor your thyroid function while you are taking this medication." C. "You should take this medication on an empty stomach." D. "You should take this medication with an antacid."
Correct Answer: C. "You should take this medication on an empty stomach."
A nurse is caring for a client who receives gastrostomy tube feedings and insulin. The client is scheduled to receive a tube feeding at 0700. At which of the following times should the nurse plan to administer insulin lispro subcutaneously? A. 0600 B. 0630 C. 0645 D. 0730
Correct Answer: C. 0645
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who is receiving an opioid medication for pain. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider? A. Metoprolol B. Ondansetron C. Lorazepam D. Naloxone
Correct Answer: C. Lorazepam
A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease and has been placed on long-term mineralocorticoid therapy with fludrocortisone. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse provide when explaining the purpose of this therapy? A. Mineralocorticoids help the body metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. B. Mineralocorticoids support secondary sexual development. C. Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte and fluid balance. D. Mineralocorticoids reduce the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias.
Correct Answer: C. Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte and fluid balance.
A nurse is teaching the parent of a child who has severe reactive airway disease about glucocorticoid therapy. The parent asks why her child has to inhale the medication instead of taking it orally. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse provide to the parent? A. Inhaled glucocorticoids are less likely to cause thrush. B. Oral glucocorticoids are hazardous during times of stress. C. Oral glucocorticoids are more likely to slow linear growth in children. D. Inhaled glucocorticoids are more effective for acute bronchospasm.
Correct Answer: C. Oral glucocorticoids are more likely to slow linear growth in children.
A nurse is teaching a client who has ADHD and is starting therapy with an amphetamine/dextroamphetamine mixture. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse instruct the client to identify as an adverse effect and report to the provider? A. Restlessness B. Insomnia C. Palpitations D. Weight Gain
Correct Answer: C. Palpitations
A nurse is caring for a client at 39 weeks of gestation who has gestational hypertension. The client has a new prescription for misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labor. Which of the following findings in the client's medical history should the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk of complications due to the use of this medication? A. Positive bacterial vaginosis culture B. History of failure to progress C. Previous cesarean delivery D. Positive serum Rh sensitization
Correct Answer: C. Previous cesarean delivery
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking oral furosemide 40 mg daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the client be taught to monitor and notify the provider if it occurs? A. Nasal congestion B. Tremors C. Tinnitus D. Frontal headache
Correct Answer: C. Tinnitus
A nurse is assessing a client with rheumatoid arthritis who has been taking high doses of prescribed hydroxychloroquine. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine? A. "I have developed sores in my mouth." B. "I often feel like the room is spinning." C. "I noticed that the whites of my eyes look yellow." D. "I have had a change in my vision recently."
Correct Answer: D. "I have had a change in my vision recently."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a urinary tract infection and new prescriptions for phenazopyridine and ciprofloxacin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? A. "If phenazopyridine upsets my stomach, I can take it with meals." B. "Phenazopyridine will relieve my discomfort, but ciprofloxacin will get rid of the infection." C. "I need to drink 2 L of fluid per day while I am taking the ciprofloxacin." D. "I should notify my provider immediately if my urine turns an orange color."
Correct Answer: D. "I should notify my provider immediately if my urine turns an orange color."
A nurse is teaching a client who has severe chronic gout and a new prescription for pegloticase. The client has been taking allopurinol for 1 month. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include about pegloticase? A. "You will take this medication along with allopurinol." B. "You will take this medication by mouth." C. "There are very few adverse effects of this medication." D. "If you experience a flare-up, you can take an NSAID while receiving this medication."
Correct Answer: D. "If you experience a flare-up, you can take an NSAID while receiving this medication."
A nurse is teaching a client who is starting patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) following a procedure. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "This method of medication can increase the chances of overdose." B. "I should self-administer the medication 1 hour before walking." C. "I should expect to receive smaller doses when I am sleeping." D. "This method works by keeping my opioid levels steady."
Correct Answer: D. "This method works by keeping my opioid levels steady."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a combination oral contraceptive (OC) that uses a 28-day cycle. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "If you miss a pill, take the missed pill with your next dose." B. "If you miss 2 pills during the second and third week, discard the inactive placebo pills and begin a new pack." C. "If you miss 3 pills during the second week, take a pill as soon as possible and continue with your scheduled doses." D. "You can miss up to 7 pills with little risk in getting pregnant as long as you have taken the pills regularly for the previous 3 weeks."
Correct Answer: D. "You can miss up to 7 pills with little risk in getting pregnant as long as you have taken the pills regularly for the previous 3 weeks."
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving sumatriptan for cluster headaches. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as an adverse effect? A. Hypotension B. Tinnitus C. Urinary retention D. Chest pressure
Correct Answer: D. Chest pressure
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with tuberculosis who has prescriptions for rifampin and ethambutol. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of these medications that the client should report to the provider? A. Red-orange discoloration of urine B. Unexpected weight gain C. Ringing in the ears D. Decreased visual acuity
Correct Answer: D. Decreased visual acuity
A nurse is preparing to administer raloxifene to a client. Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for the administration of this medication? A. Osteoporosis B. Hyperthyroidism C. Myocardial infarction D. Deep-vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: D. Deep-vein thrombosis
A nurse is preparing to administer oxytocin to a client who is at 41 weeks gestation and is experiencing ineffective labor. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? A. Place the oxytocin from a pre-filled syringe into the posterior fornix of the vagina every 10 min until effective labor occurs B. Check the client's blood pressure and pulse every 15 min while induction of labor is occurring C. Stop oxytocin for contractions that continue for more than 30 sec D. Increase the dose of oxytocin to obtain uterine contractions that occur every 2 to 3 min
Correct Answer: D. Increase the dose of oxytocin to obtain uterine contractions that occur every 2 to 3 min
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving terbutaline to suppress preterm labor. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? A. BP 132/84 mmHg B. Blood glucose 106 mg/dL C. Decreased deep tendon reflexes D. Maternal heart rate >120/min
Correct Answer: D. Maternal heart rate >120/min
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with asthma who has a new prescription for a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) bronchodilator. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse share? A. The SABA will provide prolonged control of asthma attacks. B. SABAs are also available in an oral form. C. The SABA will have to be taken with an inhaled glucocorticoid. D. Notify the provider if the SABA is needed more than twice per week.
Correct Answer: D. Notify the provider if the SABA is needed more than twice per week.
A nurse is administering a prescription for nifedipine to a client who is pregnant. Which of the following pieces of information related to nifedipine should the nurse monitor and document? A. Hypoglycemia B. Uterine ripening C. Increased blood pressure D. Number of uterine contractions
Correct Answer: D. Number of uterine contractions
A nurse is caring for a female adult client who is experiencing menopause and has a prescription for estrogen along with progestin. The nurse should identify that the provider has prescribed these medications for which of the following reasons? A. Long-term use to reduce the risk of breast cancer B. Short-term use to stimulate the endometrium C. Long-term use to prevent osteoporosis D. Short-term use to control urogenital atrophy
Correct Answer: D. Short-term use to control urogenital atrophy
A nurse is caring for a female client who has osteoporosis and is taking raloxifene. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication? A. Severe leg cramps B. Urinary frequency C. Jaw pain D. Sudden onset of dyspnea
Correct Answer: D. Sudden onset of dyspnea
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking levothyroxine for hypothyroidism about a new prescription for a calcium supplement. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. The calcium supplement will enhance the effect of the levothyroxine. B. The calcium supplement will accelerate the metabolism of the levothyroxine. C. Take the medications together at 1700 for the greatest effect. D. Take the calcium supplement 4 hr after taking the levothyroxine.
Correct Answer: D. Take the calcium supplement 4 hr after taking the levothyroxine.
A nurse suspects that a client is having an allergic reaction to a medication. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as increasing the likelihood of an allergic reaction to the medication? A. This is the client's initial dose of the current prescription. B. The client received a large dosage. C. The route of administration was oral. D. The client has had previous exposure to the medication.
Correct Answer: D. The client has had previous exposure to the medication.
