Pharmacology - Chapter 3

Which is the metric equivalent of the fraction 1/10? 1) 0.10 2) 0.50 3) 0.25 4) 0.75

0.10

What is the divisor in the equation 1/2 divided by 4/5? 1) 2/1 2) 5/4 3) 4/5 4) 1/2

4/5

Which of the following is an improper fraction? 1) 1/3 2) 2/6 3) 5/2 4) 1/2

5/2

Which is an example of an improper fraction? 1) 1.75 2) 4/5 3) 5/4 4) 1 and 1/15

5/4

What is the basic unit of volume in the metric system? 1) Gallon 2) Liter 3) Meter 4) Gram

Liter

A graphic device showing the relationship between numerical values designed to estimate the body surface of a child according to height and weight is called a 1) Pediatric weight graph. 2) Drug dose grid. 3) BSA graph. 4) Nomogram.

Nomogram

To convert a fraction to a decimal, divide the numerator by: 1) One hundred 2) One 3) The denominator 4) One thousand

The denominator

In what situation would a nurse need to convert between measurement systems? 1) The patient requests a conversion 2) The preferred unit is not written 3) The ordered unit is not available

The ordered unit is not available

1/2 multiplied by 3/5 equals: 1) 2/3 2) 4/7 3) 6/5 4) 3/10

3/10

You need to convert 300mg to grains. You know that 60 mg = gr 1, and the fraction is gr1/60mg. Which formula is correct? 1) 300 mg (gr 1/60mg) = gr 300/60 = gr5/mg 2) 300 mg (gr 1/60mg) = gr 300/60 = gr5 3) 300 mg (gr 1/60mg) = gr 60/300 = gr50 4) 60 mg (gr 1/60mg) = gr 300/60 = gr50

300 mg (gr 1/60mg) = gr 300/60 = gr5

Which is the freezing point of water on the Fahrenheit temperature scale? 1) 32ºF 2) 0ºF 3) 212ºF 4) 100ºF

32ºF

What is the correct answer to 7.8 x 4.5? 1) 0.351 2) 310 3) 35.1 4) 3.51

35.1

A nurse has an order for 350mg of a medication. The medication is available in 25mg tablets. Which equation would be best for determining the number of tablets? 1) 25 mg - 350 mg 2) 350 mg X 25 mg 3) 350 mg : 25 mg 4) 25 mg / 3 mg

350 mg : 25 mg

What would be most helpful when making conversions between systems of measurement? 1) Metric knowledge 2) Basic equivalents 3) Basic vocabulary 4) Pharmacy contact

Basic equivalents

Which of the following is a consideration when administering medications to pediatric patients? 1) Body surface area 2) Slower metabolism 3) Grade level 4) Understanding

Body surface area

Which of the following is true when administering medications to pediatric patients? 1) Tall children require adult doses 2) Children require higher doses 3) Body weight should be considered 4) Doses are usually larger

Body weight should be considered

A nurse has an order for a medication specifying a dosage of 5 mL. What does the nurse know about the medication from this information alone? 1) A scale will be needed 2) It will need to be crushed 3) It is a powder 4) It is a liquid

It is a liquid

Which term means to change from one unit or system of measurement to another? 1) Convert 2) Cancel 3) Reduce 4) Simplify

Convert

Which term describes the different amounts of a drug that can produce therapeutic effects? 1) Therapeutic range 2) Maintenance range 3) Dosage range 4) Administration range

Dosage range

How is the calibration of intravenous tubing expressed? 1) Drops per minute 2) mL per hour 3) Drops per mL 4) mL per minute

Drops per mL

Which describes the proper way to round numbers? 1) If the last number is the same as 5, don't round. 2) If the last number is more than 5, round down. 3) If the last number is less than 5, round down. 4) If the last number is less than 5, round up.

If the last number is less than 5, round down.

Which of the following is true of an improper fraction? 1) It is equal to one 2) It is an even number 3) It is less than one 4) It is greater than one

It is greater than one

Which statement describes how to convert milligrams (mg) to grams (g)? 1) Move the decimal point two spaces to the left. 2) Move the decimal point three spaces to the right. 3) Move the decimal point three spaces to the left. 4) Move the decimal point two spaces to the right.

Move the decimal point three spaces to the left.

Which statement describes how to multiply fractions? 1) Multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator. 2) Multiply denominator by numerator and numerator by denominator. 3) Multiply numerator by denominator and denominator by numerator. 4) Multiply numerator by denominator and numerator by denominator.

Multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.

Which of the following is a graphic used to determine a child's body surface area? 1) Surface graph 2) Weight chart 3) Nomogram 4) Growth level

Nomogram

The placement of numbers in relation to the decimal point shows their values are multiples of: 1) Five 2) One thousand 3) One hundred 4) Ten

Ten

A drop factor is measured in 1) mg per mL. 2) mL per minute. 3) gtt per mL. 4) minim per mL.

gtt per mL

Which is a method used to calculate pediatric doses of medication? 1) age 2) height 3) gender 4) body weight

body weight

When working with metric numbers, fractions are expressed as 1) whole numbers. 2) improper fractions. 3) minims. 4) decimals.

decimals

When using a nomogram, a straight line is drawn from which of the following to find a child's BSA? 1) growth percentile, height 2) age, weight 3) BMI, height 4) height, weight

height, weight

The calibration of IV tubing is referred to as? 1) rate factor. 2) drip factor. 3) drop factor. 4) IV factor

drop factor

Which of the following would be used when writing two drams? 1) I 2) 2 3) iv 4) ii

ii

When doing calculations, mixed numbers must be changed to 1) proper fractions. 2) whole digits. 3) lowest terms. 4) improper fractions.

improper fractions

Which is the basic unit of volume in the metric system? 1) gram 2) meter 3) liter 4) minim

liter

Which is the basic unit of length in the metric system? 1) meter 2) foot 3) inch 4) mile

meter

Which are the basic units of metric measurement? 1) fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin 2) meter, liter, gram 3) minim, fluidram, fluid ounce 4) pint, quart, gallon

meter, liter, gram

Body surface area (BSA) is measured in 1) kilograms squared. 2) centimeters squared. 3) pounds squared. 4) meters squared.

meters squared

Which equation describes how to convert milligrams to grams? 1) 1000 g/mg 2) mg ÷ 1000 g 3) 1000 mg/g 4) mg × 1000 g

mg ÷ 1000 g

The nurse practitioner has ordered 3 teaspoons of a liquid medication. It is available in milliliters. You will need to convert: 1) millimeters to teaspoons 2) teaspoons to milliliters 3) teaspoons to ounces 4) teaspoons to tablespoons

teaspoons to milliliters

Which of the following is the decimal version of 1/4? 1) 0.025 2) 0.25 3) 0.75 4) 0.5

0.25

The provider orders 0.25 g of a drug to be given daily. You need to know how many milligrams you will administer. First, identify the appropriate conversion. 1 g is equivalent to 1000 mg. How would you set up the conversion? 1) 25 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 25 X 1000 mg = 25000 mg 2) 0.25 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 0.25 X 1000 mg = 250 mg 3) 2.5 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 2.5 X 1000 mg = 2500 mg 4) 0.025 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 0.025 X 1000 mg = 25 mg

0.25 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 0.25 X 1000 mg = 250 mg

Which of the following is the same as 37/100? 1) 37 2) 0.37 3) 3.7 4) 0.037

0.37

Which is the correct answer to the following multiplication problem: 1.5 × 0.35? 1) 525 2) 5.25 3) 0.525 4) 52.5

0.525

The provider orders 0.75 g of a drug to be given daily. You need to know how many milligrams you will administer. First, identify the appropriate conversion. 1 g is equivalent to 1000 mg. How would you set up the conversion? 1) 0.75 g X 10 mg/1 g = 0.75 X 10 mg = 75 mg 2) 0.75 g X 100 mg/1 g = 0.75 X 100 mg = 75 mg 3) 0.75 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 0.75 X 1000 mg = 750 mg 4) 0.75 g X 1 g/1000 mg = 0.75 X .001 mg = .00075 mg

0.75 g X 1000 mg/1 g = 0.75 X 1000 mg = 750 mg

Which is an example of a mixed number? 1) 4/3 2) 1 1/2 3) 1.5 4) 3/4

1 1/2

Which of the following is an example of a mixed number? 1) 1 2/5 2) 200 3) 0.5 4) 7/5

1 2/5

Which of the following fractions has been simplified? 1) 2/4 2) 4/12 3) 8/16 4) 1/2

1/2

Which of the following fractions has been simplified? 1) 8/16 2) 1/2 3) 4/12 4) 2/4

1/2

How would 0.25 grains be written in the apothecary system? 1) 25/100 2) 1/4 3) One fourth 4) IV

1/4

How many degrees separate freezing and boiling points on the Celsius scale? 1) 180 2) 90 3) 100 4) 50

100

Which age ranges still falls under pediatric dose guidelines? 1) 13-18 years of age 2) 15-18 years of age 3) 10-18 years of age 4) 16-18 years of age

13-18 years of age

The provider orders phenytoin (Dilantin) for a 33-lb child. The appropriate dose is 10 mg/kg/24 hours. You convert the weight to kilograms by dividing by 2.2 for a result of 15 kg. Select the best equation to complete this order. 1) 15 kg x 1 mg = 15 mg per 24 hours 2) 15 kg / 10 mg/kg = 1.50 mg per 24 hours 3) 15 kg x 10 mg/kg = 150 mg per 24 hours 4) 15 kg x 10 mg/kg = 150 mg per 12 hours

15 kg x 10 mg/kg = 150 mg per 24 hours

Which is the metric equivalent of 1 tablespoon (tbsp)? 1) 15 mL 2) 30 mL 3) 4-5 mL 4) 1 mL

15 mL

Which of the following is correct after canceling the units of measurement in this fraction (18mg/kg)/25mg? 1) 18/25mg 2) 18/25 3) 18mg/25mg 4) 18kg/25

18kg/25

Which is an example of a proper fraction? 1) 1.33 2) 3/2 3) 2/3 4) 1 2/3

2/3

Dr. FNP orders 200 mg of a drug to be given orally two times a day (bid). The available dose of the drug is 100-mg tablets. Select the correct formula to determine the number of tablets to be administered. 1) 100 mg/200 mg = 1/x 2) 100 mg/200 mg = x/1 3) 200 mg/100 mg = X/1 4) X/200 mg = 100 mg/1

200 mg/100 mg = X/1

3/5 multiplied by 7 equals: 1) 21/5 2) 21/35 3) 3/35 4) 4/5

21/5

Which is the boiling point of water on the Fahrenheit temperature scale? 1) 32ºF 2) 212ºF 3) 0ºF 4) 100ºF

212ºF

Which is the average normal body temperature range on the Celsius scale? 1) 34-36ºC 2) 35-37ºC 3) 36-38ºC 4) 39-39ºC

36-38ºC

What number would you use to simplify the fraction 4/8 to its lowest terms? 1) 1 2) 4 3) 8 4) 2

4

What is the answer to 1/2 divided by 4/5? 1) 3/5 2) 8/5 3) 4/10 4) 5/8

5/8

The physician orders an IV medication for your patient consisting of 500 mL to be administered in 60 minutes. The drop factor is 60 drops per mL. You should regulate the IV to deliver how many gtt per minute? 1) 500 mL/60 min x 60 = 500 gtt/min 2) 250 mL/60 min x 60 = 250 gtt/min 3) 1000 mL/60 min x 60 = 1000 gtt/min 4) 500 mL/60 min x 6 = 60 gtt/min

500 mL/60 min x 60 = 500 gtt/min

You need to administer an ordered drug to an adult who weighs 55 kg. Before working the problem, you will need to convert the weight to pounds. Select the best equation. 1) 79 kg X 2.2 lbs = 175 lbs 2) 55 kg X 2 lbs = 110 lbs 3) 55 kg X 2.2 lbs = 121 lbs 4) 55 kg X 1.2 lbs = 66 lbs

55 kg X 2.2 lbs = 121 lbs

Which is the correct metric weight for a person who weighs 125 lb? 1) 62.5 kg 2) 312 kg 3) 275 kg 4) 56.80 kg

56.80 kg

What is the correct answer to 2.5 x 3.4? 1) 8.005 2) 8.05 3) 8.5 4) 8.55

8.5

Which equation is correct for multiplying 8 times 4/3? 1) 8/1 x 3/4 2) 1/8 x 3/4 3) 1/8 x 4/3 4) 8/1 x 4/3

8/1 x 4/3

The nurse practitioner orders a drug to be administered to a child who weighs 80 lbs. You will need to convert the child's weight to kilograms. Select the best equation 1) 80 lbs / 2.2 kg = 36.36 kg 2) 80 lbs X 2.2 kg = 176 kg 3) 80 lbs / 4.2 kg = 19.05 kg 4) 2.2 kg / 80 lbs = 0.275 kg

80 lbs / 2.2 kg = 36.36 kg

A child who is 40 kg would weigh how many pounds? 1) 18.2 2) 88 3) 100 4) 44

88

How many pounds (lb) are equivalent to 45 kilogram (kg)? 1) 20.5lb 2) 90 lb 3) 45lb 4) 99 lb

99 lb

Which system of measurement is old and being phased out? 1) Apothecary 2) Metric 3) Decimal 4) Household

Apothecary

Which system of measurement only has a few medications available? 1) Medical 2) Apothecary 3) Metric 4) Household

Apothecary

How are fractions expressed in the apothecary system? 1) Roman numerals 2) Whole numbers 3) Decimal numbers 4) Arabic numerals

Arabic numerals

Which term describes these numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9? 1) Roman numerals 2) common numerals 3) proper numerals 4) Arabic numerals

Arabic numerals

You are working a night shift and have had very little sleep. You complete a complicated dosage calculation but feel unsure. Which is the safest course of action? 1) Wait an hour then recheck 2) Recalculate and administer the medication 3) Look it up on the internet 4) Ask a fellow nurse to check your calculation

Ask a fellow nurse to check your calculation

Which of the following scales is used to measure body temperature? 1) Celsius 2) Thermal 3) Metric 4) Decimal

Celsius

Which describes a correct practice to follow when doing medication conversions? 1) Convert the larger unit to the smaller unit. 2) Convert the larger unit to an improper fraction. 3) Convert the smaller unit to an improper fraction. 4) Convert the smaller unit to the larger unit.

Convert the larger unit to the smaller unit.

The provider orders phenytoin (Dilantin) for a 54-lb child. The appropriate dose is 10 mg/kg/24 hours. What is the first step in determining the child's dosage? 1) Ask the parent how much she gives at home 2) Convert the weight to kilograms 3) Multiply the dose by 2.2 mg 4) Call to verify the order

Convert the weight to kilograms

Which are used to record fractions of metric doses? 1) Decimal fractions 2) Improper fractions 3) Common fractions 4) Proper fractions

Decimal fractions

To multiply fractions, multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by: 1) Numerator 2) Denominator 3) The difference 4) The sum

Denominator

What is the bottom number in a fraction called? 1) Numerator 2) Decimal 3) Denominator 4) Multiplicand

Denominator

What does D stand for in the formula D/H = X/V? 1) Doctor 2) Dosage range 3) Desired amount 4) Decimeters

Desired amount

Which of the following describes the different amounts of a drug needed to produce a therapeutic effect? 1) Varied dose 2) Dosage range 3) Normal dose 4) Small dose

Dosage range

What is the conversion between Fahrenheit and Celsius based on? 1) Difference in freezing and boiling points of mercury 2) Difference in freezing and boiling points of water 3) Difference in freezing and boiling points of nitrogen 4) Difference in freezing and boiling points of blood

Difference in freezing and boiling points of water

Which statement describes how to reduce a fraction? 1) Divide the denominator by the numerator. 2) Divide both the numerator and the denominator by the largest number that will go into them evenly. 3) Divide the numerator by the denominator. 4) Divide both the numerator and the denominator by the smallest number that will go into them evenly.

Divide both the numerator and the denominator by the largest number that will go into them evenly.

Which statement describes how to cancel fractions? 1) Divide the numerator by the denominator of both fractions. 2) Divide the denominator and numerator of the same fraction with the same number. 3) Divide the denominator and numerator of the opposite fraction by the same number. 4) Divide the denominator of one fraction and the numerator of the opposite fraction by the same number.

Divide the denominator of one fraction and the numerator of the opposite fraction by the same number.

The fraction 8/5 has a numerator larger than the denominator. How would you convert it to a mixed number? 1) Divide the denominator by the numerator and express the remainder as a fraction. 2) Multiply the numerator by the denominator and express the remainder as a fraction. 3) Divide the numerator by the denominator and multiply by 100. 4) Divide the numerator by the denominator and express the remainder as a fraction.

Divide the numerator by the denominator and express the remainder as a fraction.

Which statement describes how to change a common fraction to a decimal fraction? 1) Divide the whole number 1 by the denominator. 2) Divide the numerator by the denominator. 3) Divide the whole number 1 by the numerator. 4) Divide the denominator by the numerator.

Divide the numerator by the denominator.

Which is the temperature scale at which water freezes at 32º? 1) Absolute 2) Celsius 3) Kelvin 4) Fahrenheit

Fahrenheit

Which of the following is a way to express an amount that is a part of a whole? 1) Dimension 2) Fraction 3) Relationship 4) Equation

Fraction

Which term describes a way of expressing an amount that is part of a whole? 1) Fraction 2) Centimeter 3) Roman numeral 4) Numerator

Fraction

Which device would require manual conversion between Celsius and Fahrenheit? 1) Electronic thermometer 2) Glass thermometer 3) Tympanic thermometer 4) Digital thermometer

Glass thermometer

Which of the following is the basic unit of weight in the apothecary system? 1) Kilogram 2) Minim 3) Grain 4) Pound

Grain

What characteristics are plotted to determine a child's body surface area? 1) Height and weight 2) Weight and race 3) Age and weight 4) BMI and age

Height and weight

Drops, teaspoons, and tablespoons are examples of units used in which measurement system? 1) Household 2) Apothecary 3) Celsius 4) Metric

Household

Which term describes a system of measurement in which the basic units are the fluid ounce (fl oz) and ounce (oz)? 1) Metric 2) International 3) Household 4) Apothecary

Household

The nurse practitioner has ordered a tablespoon of medication. You know this unit of measurement is a part of which system? 1) Apothecary system 2) Medical system 3) Household system 4) Metric system

Household system

A nurse is discharging an 8 year old patient and tells the mother that the prescription is for 2 teaspoons of medication twice daily. The mother declines the measuring cup, stating she has a teaspoon at home. What should the nurse explain? 1) Use the teaspoon but half the dose 2) Use the teaspoon to measure the medicine into a cup 3) This will be fine but be sure to fill the spoon 4) Household teaspoons are not accurate

Household teaspoons are not accurate

Why should a healthcare worker in a provider's office encourage a patient to obtain accurate measuring utensils from a pharmacy? 1) Household utensils vary in size. 2) Pharmacy supplies use standard abbreviations. 3) Household supplies are not sterile. 4) Pharmacy supplies are reimbursed by healthcare insurance plans.

Household utensils vary in size.

Which factor is not a reason that pediatric doses of medication are different from doses prescribed for adults? 1) Infants and children have immature physiological responses to absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. 2) Children metabolize drugs faster. 3) Infants have a larger percentage of water in the body. 4) Infants have an underdeveloped immune system.

Infants have an underdeveloped immune system.

Which statement describes how to divide fractions? 1) Divide the numerator by the denominator, then multiply the two fractions. 2) Invert the divisor, then multiply the two fractions. 3) Divide the denominator by the numerator, then multiply the two fractions. 4) Invert both fractions and then multiply them.

Invert the divisor, then multiply the two fractions.

How are dosage quantities written in the apothecary system? 1) Lowercase letters 2) Metric system 3) Lowercase Roman numerals 4) Arabic numerals

Lowercase Roman numerals

What is the basic unit of length in the metric system? 1) Meter 2) Liter 3) Gram 4) Grain

Meter

Which system of measurement is based on units of 10? 1) Apothecary system 2) Household system 3) Metric system 4) International unit system

Metric system

Which of the following is 1/1000th of a liter? 1) Milliliter 2) Kilometer 3) Deciliter 4) Centimeter

Milliliter

Which of the following is the basic unit of volume in the apothecary system? 1) Pound 2) Grain 3) Minim 4) Gallon

Minim

Which statement describes how to multiply a fraction by a whole number? 1) Multiply the whole number by the numerator of the fraction. 2) First change an improper fraction to a mixed number, and then multiply by the denominator. 3) Multiply the whole number by the denominator of the fraction. 4) First change a mixed number to an improper fraction, and then multiply by the numerator.

Multiply the whole number by the numerator of the fraction.

In the fraction 4/9, the number 4 is the 1) Denominator 2) Base 3) Sum 4) Numerator

Numerator

Which term describes the number of parts you are taking of the whole? 1) Denominator 2) Sum 3) Numerator 4) Fraction

Numerator

You calculate a dose of an IV antibiotic but feel the amount is very large. Which resource should you consult? 1) The Internet 2) Nursing supervisor 3) Medical assistant 4) Chief medical officer

Nursing supervisor

A nurse is discharging a patient from the hospital with a prescription for 10 mL of a medication daily. The patient tells the nurse she knows this is about 2 teaspoons. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do? 1) Obtain an accurate measuring utensil from the pharmacy 2) Mix the medication with water before taking 3) Use a tablespoon in case of spills 4) Use 2 teaspoons to get approximately the correct dosage

Obtain an accurate measuring utensil from the pharmacy

Which describes where the drop factor would be found when administering IV fluids? 1) On the physician's order sheet 2) On the package containing the tubing 3) On the package insert for the medication 4) In a PDR

On the package containing the tubing

How many numbers would be to the right of the decimal after multiplying 4 x 3.8? 1) Three 2) Two 3) One 4) Zero

One

When considering a fraction, which of the following is true? 1) One half of a pill is the same as three fourths of a pill 2) One half of a pill is smaller than one third 3) One half of a pill is larger than one third 4) One half of a pill is the same as thirty percent of a pill.

One half of a pill is larger than one third

Which describes how to document a number less than 1? 1) Place a zero before the first digit. 2) Place a zero after the last digit. 3) Place a zero after the decimal point. 4) Place a zero before the decimal point.

Place a zero before the decimal point.

Which is the correct way to calculate medication doses? 1) Round medications to the thousandth place. 2) Never round medication calculations. 3) Round medications to the tenth place. 4) Round medications to the hundredth place.

Round medications to the hundredth place.

Which statement is correct when converting pounds to kilograms? 1) Round the kilogram weight to one decimal place. 2) Round the pound weight to two decimal places. 3) Round the pound weight to one decimal place. 4) Round the kilogram weight to two decimal places.

Round the kilogram weight to one decimal place.

Which term describes a tablet that is bisected by a groove to allow for breakage into halves? 1) Grooved 2) Scored 3) Indented 4) Bisected

Scored

How many numbers would be to the right of the decimal after multiplying 4.786 x 5.987? 1) Six 2) Four 3) Two 4) Three

Six

The dosage range of a drug is used to prescribe amounts that will produce the desired: 1) Therapeutic effect 2) Adverse effect 3) Fatal effect 4) Side effect

Therapeutic effect

Which of the following is needed to calculate intravenous flow rates? 1) Start time 2) Patient age 3) Tubing calibration 4) Patient weight

Tubing calibration

Which metric units is 1/100 th of a meter? 1) millimeter 2) decimeter 3) centimeter 4) kilometer

centimeter

Which is the basic unit of weight in the apothecary system? 1) gram 2) grain 3) minim 4) ounce

grain

In the metric system, which unit of volume is most often used in preparing liquid medication? 1) minim 2) fluid dram 3) liter 4) milliliter

milliliter

Which is the correct equation for converting a Celsius temperature to the Fahrenheit scale? 1) ºF = 1.8ºC + 32 2) ºF = 32ºC + 1.8 3) ºF = 32ºC − 1.8 4) ºF = 1.8ºC − 32

ºF = 1.8ºC + 32