Pharmacology Exam 2 Review
A patient has been prescribed a nasal decongestant for nasal stuffiness due to a common cold. The patient is also taking a drug from the monoamine oxidase inhibitors class for the treatment of depression. Which of the following interactions between the two drugs should the nurse warn the patient about?
Severe Headache
A nurse is caring for a patient receiving digoxin for ventricular arrhythmia. Which of the following apical pulse rates indicates that the nurse should withhold the drug and report to the health care provider immediately?
58 beats/minute
A patient with acute respiratory symptoms is receiving a loading dose of theophylline. Which of the following signs of toxicity should alert the nurse to notify the primary health care provider immediately?
Abdominal Cramps
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed aluminum carbonate gel (Basaljel) for the relief of an acute peptic ulcer. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform to promote an optimal response to therapy?
Administer the drug hourly for the first two weeks.
A nurse is caring for a patient with intestinal stenosis who has been prescribed psyllium. During the course of the treatment, the patient shows the signs of colon obstruction. What intervention should the nurse perform to avoid the occurrence of colon obstruction?
Administer the drug with adequate fluid intake
A patient with allergic rhinitis is prescribed an antihistamine. To prevent which of the following conditions should the nurse instruct the patient to suck on a sugarless hard candy?
Dryness of the oral mucosa and the throat
A nurse is caring for a patient taking a cholestyramine drug. What instructions should the nurse give to this patient to prevent constipation?
Eat foods high in dietary fiber
A nurse is required to educate a patient prescribed albuterol on the adverse effects associated with the drug. Which of the following symptoms, if experienced, should the nurse instruct the patient to report to the health care provider?
Headache and flushing
A patient has been prescribed an anti-arrhythmic drug for cardiac arrhythmia. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the patient teaching plan?
Take frequent sips of water or chew gum
A patient is being discharged from a health care facility. The patient is required to continue with antitussive therapy at home. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the teaching plan to educate the patient?
Do not take the drug with tranquilizers
A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about the mechanism of action of peripheral vasodilators. Which of the following would the nurse explain as the mode of action of peripheral vasodilators?
Blocks the alpha adrenergic nerve receptors.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a nasal decongestant. Which of the following factors should the nurse assess before administering the drug?
Blood Pressure
A patient has been prescribed a decongestant drug for congestion associated with rhinitis. Which of the following possible side effects of the drug should the nurse caution the patient about?
Blurred Vision
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with bronchial irritation. The patient is to be administered diphenhydramine HCI. Which of the following activities should the nurse perform before administering the drug to a patient?
Document color and amount of any sputum present
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed terpin hydrate for relief of a dry, nonproductive cough. Which of the following are adverse reactions of the drug that the nurse should inform the patient may occur?
Drowsiness
A patient is being prescribed guaifenesin for the treatment of a cough associated with a respiratory tract infection. The nurse learns that the patient is also taking iodine products. What is the possible effect of a guaifenesin drug with an iodine product?
Cardiac Arrhythmias
When educating a group of nursing students on the mechanism of action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) drugs, the nurse identifies which of the following as the action brought about by aldosterone?
Causes sodium and water retention
A patient is prescribed a cardiotonic medication. Which of the following pre-administration assessments should the nurse perform on this patient?
Check for jugular vein Distention
Which of the following are examples of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs)? Select all that apply:
Dalteparin (Fragmin) Enoxaparin (Lovenox) Tinzaparin (Innohep)
A patient has been prescribed quinine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the patient regarding its use?
Do not drive if blurred vision or dizziness occurs.
A nurse is caring for a patient undergoing mucolytic acetylcysteine treatment. What care should a nurse take before and after the mucolytic acetylcysteine treatment?
Evaluate the patient's respiratory status and record the findings
A patient with GI upset is prescribed an antacid for outpatient use. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the patient and family members?
Explain that the drug may change the color of the stool.
A patient is receiving a diuretic for the treatment of hypertension. For which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor for in patients taking diuretics?
Hyponatremia
A nurse is caring for a patient with cystic fibrosis. The nurse is administering acetylcysteine to the patient. for which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor the patient?
Irritation of the trachea
A patient with vasomotor rhinitis has been prescribed an antihistamine. The patient is eager to know whether the prescribed antihistamine may cause excessive sedation. Which of the following antihistamines has very little sedative effect?
Loratadine
A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old patient who is receiving albuterol for asthma. The patient complains of a severe headache after taking the drug. The nurse suspects that a possible interaction with another drug could be causing the headache. Which of the following drugs should the nurse consider as a cause for this severe headache?
MAO inhibitors
In which of the following patients should a nurse use expectorant drugs with caution?
Patients with a persistant cough
A patient with intermittent claudication is prescribed cilostazol, an antiplatelet drug, by the primary health care provider. In which of the following patients should the nurse administer cilostazol with caution?
Patients with pancytopenia
A patient with cardiac arrhythmia is prescribed verapamil. Which of the following possible adverse effects should the nurse inform the patient about?
Peripheral Edema
A patient with atherosclerosis is prescribed rosuvastatin by a physician. What adverse reactions should the nurse monitor in the patient?
Pharyngitis
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with a nonproductive cough. The patient has been prescribed codeine sulfate. In which of the following patients is codeine sulfate therapy contraindicated?
Premature infants
A patient is advised to take a decongestant drug to relieve nasal congestion associated with hay fever. The patient is not comfortable with a nasal spray or drops and prefers an oral tablet. Which of the following oral decongestant drugs can be administered to the patient?
Pseudoepherdrine
A patient on anti-arrhythmic drug therapy complains of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and a ringing sensation in the ears. Which of the following drugs should the nurse consider as the cause for these adverse effects?
Quinidine
A patient on aminophylline complains of heartburn. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the patient to help alleviate the condition?
Raise the head of the bed
A 10-year-old child with asthma is prescribed prednisone. Which of the following does the nurse know is affected by this medication?
Rate of growth
A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed omeprazole for a duodenal ulcer. The patient is also taking benzodiazepines for the management of a seizure disorder. Which of the following should be the effect of the interaction between these two drugs?
Risk for toxic level of benzodiazepines
A 15-year-old patient is prescribed an antihistamine for allergic rhinitis. However, antihistamines used to treat allergic reactions may themselves cause allergy. The nurse needs to educate the patient to be aware of symptoms suggesting allergy. Which of the following is an allergic reaction to antihistamines?
Skin rash and urticaria
A patient with a nonproductive cough has been prescribed the oral administration of dextromethorphan HBr liqui-caps. What instructions should the nurse provide the patient to promote an optimal response to therapy?
Swallow the whole tablet and do not chew it.
A patient is prescribed an inhalational corticosteroid therapy along with bronchodilator therapy. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the patient teaching plan?
Take the corticosteroid several minutes after the bronchodilater dose
A nurse is caring for a patient receiving cromolyn orally. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the patient's teaching plan?
Take the drug at least 30 minutes before meals.
A 62-year-old patient has been prescribed an antihistamine to alleviate vasomotor rhinitis. He complains that he has gastric irritation on taking the tablet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to help alleviate the patient's condition?
Take the tablet with food.
A 21-year-old patient complains of a mild stinging sensation on using a nasal spray containing a nasal decongestant. Which of the following information should the nurse provide the patient?
This sensation usually disappears with continued use.
A patient with hyperlipidemia has been prescribed niacin by a physician. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor in the patient?
Tingling
