Pharmacology EXAM 3 PART 1

The nurse has been educating the client on the self administration of phenytoin. Which statement made by the client demonstrates and understanding of the medication?

" i'll make sure to take the drug with food."

A client sustained a severe laceration to the right thumb and index finger that will require local anesthetic to facilitate suturing. Which statements should prompt the nurse to provide further client health education?

"I'm feeing pretty queasy about getting stitches, so I'm glad they be knocking me out."

The nurse is education a client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about the dietary implications of prescribed treatment with levodopa/carbidopa. Which statement by the nurse demonstrated an understanding of the paper administration of this medication?

"It's important to take this medication on a full stomach so that is doesn't make you nauseous."

A client's medication regimen for treatment of anxiety has been changed from a benzodiazepine. The client asks the nurse what likely prompted the health care provider to change the medication. What is the nurse's best response?

"Long-term use of benzodiazepines can result in dependency"

A client has been treated for migraines on an ongoing basis, and the care provider has just prescribed sumatriptan. What statement made by the nurse reflects the priority education intervention for a client prescribed sumatriptan?

"Make sure that you stop taking ergotamine before you get this prescription filled."

How should the nurse best explain the etiology of substance use disorder?

"Substance abuse is multifactorial and involves genetics, personality, and culture."

A 12-year-old has been prescribed dextroamphetamine therapy, and the nurse is now reviewing the correct schedule for taking the drug. The child should most likely take the initial daily dose of dextroamphetamine at what times?

07:00 and 11:30

The nurse is teaching a client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) about dietary changes required to minimize adverse effects of the drug. The nurse determines that the client understands a low-tyramine diet when what meal is chosen?

A hamburger, French fries, and a strawberry milkshake

The nurse working with the family of a child prescribed methylphenidate should implement what strategy to address possible adverse effects?

A plan to address the child's loss of appetite

Prior to elective hip replacement surgery. The nurse is explaining the basic characteristics of general anesthesia to the client. The nurse should perform this education in the understanding that general anesthesia is best understood as what result?

A state of reversible unconsciousness

A client receiving moraine sulfate 5 mg IV every 4 hours for the past several days now states that the pain is not being relieved as well as it was in the past. What it's the reason for this development?

A tolerance to morphine

A client with a history of migraine headaches self-medicating with an over the counter (OTC) medication that contains a commonly combined combination of drugs. The nearest recognize the client is medicating with a combination of drugs? Select all that apply

Acetaminophen, aspirin, and caffeine

A 40-year-old, diagnosed with myasthenia gravis(MG), is scheduled to begin treatment with oral Neostigmine. When providing relevant health education, the nurse should emphasize that successful control of MG symptoms will primarily depend on what personal behavior?

Adhering strictly to the prescribed administration schedule

The nurse administers intravenous (IV) norepinephrine to the client diagnosed with shock. The nurse would predict which receptor subtypes to be activated resulting in a stimulatory response? Select all that apply.

Alpha1, AND alpha2,

What explanation should the nurse provide for why pregnancy is discourage in women who are being treated for seizure disorders?

Anti epilepsy drugs are teratogenic

A client is prescribed midazolam in combination with an opioid in the preoperative phase of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. What does the administration of midazolam assist in minimizing?

Anxiety

How should the nurse best assess the client for physical dependence on alcohol?

Assess the client for signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

A client has been administered lidocaine in anticipation of bronchoscopy and lung biopsy. What change in status would the nurse recognize as a potential hypersensitivity to lidocaine?

Audible wheeze

After the nurse administers a cholinergic medication to the client, the nurse would provide which interventions because to the drug's actions on the body?

Auscultate lungs sounds and report bronchoconstriction, instruct client to report diarrhea, and compare muscle strength to baseline for improvement

A 33-year-old female with a recent history of visual disturbances and dysphagia has just been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis. The nurse should recognize that this clients health problems is ultimately attributable to what patho physiological process?

Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors

The nurse is caring for client that suddenly stopped taking a chronically prescribed beta-adrenergic blocking drug prescribed for hypertension. The client's blood pressure (BP) ranged from 110/70 to 130/70 mmHg and heart rate (HR) ranged 60 to 90 beats per minute while taking the drug. The nurse would predict which assessment findings to support the expected beta-adrenergic responsiveness?

BP: 200/100 mmHg; HR 110

Which medication will be administered to treat a urinary retention?

Bethanechol

An older adult client is diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. The use of benzodiazepines in this client population creates a specific need for which intervention?

Falls risk assessment

A client is admitted to an alcohol rehabilitation program. What medication with the client most likely be prescribed tp treat alcohol withdrawal syndromes?

Chlordiazepoxide

A client has atony of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. Which type of medication may be administered to increase smooth muscle strength?

Cholinergic drugs

A hospital client's medication administration record specifics the parenteral administration of lidocaine before a tissue biopsy to be performed later in the day. What action should the nurse take in response to this order?

Contact the prescriber because administration should be preformed by a health care provider or nurse anesthetist

A client prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) has begun taking St. John's wort daily. The nurse should teach that client that his combination may result in what adverse reaction?

Dangerous drug interactions

What is the primary goal for prescribing an anticholinergic agent for preoperative client?

Decrease respiratory secretions

The nurse should recognize what as the primary goal of treatment for haloperidol therapy?

Decreased agitation and combativeness

What medication may be administered intravenously (IV) to assist in reducing status epilepticus seizure activity?

Diazepam

A client is diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The nurse should anticipate administering which medication?

Donepezil

The nurse prepares to administer a preoperative anticholinergic to a client. Which of the following should the nurse consider to be a desired effect based upon the characteristics of the prescribed medication?

Dry mucous membranes

A client with schizophrenia has been taking haloperidol for several years. The care team and the client have collaborated and chosen to transition the client to an atypical antipsychotic in an effort to reduce adverse effects and maximize therapeutic effects. In order to reduce the client's risk of extrapyramidal effects during the transition from haloperidol to an atypical antipsychotic, the care team should implement which intervention?

Gradually taper the dose of haloperidol

What information identified by the client's history should the nurse consider to be a contraindication for the administration of a non selective beta-adrenergic blocker?

History of exercise-induced asthma

An adult client who is currently undergoing rhinoplasty has developed the characteristics signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia. The operating room nurse should anticipate what intervention?

IV Administration of dantrolene sodium

A child is prescribed an amphetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which effect provides evidence that the medications are working?

Improved grades

Following the administration of naloxone to a client with moderate pain, the nurse should assess for what change in the clients vital sign?

Increase blood pressure

The nurse prepares to administer a selective alpha-adrenergic Agonist medication to a client diagnosed with shock. Which of the following would the nurse consider to be therapeutic of desired effects based upon the characteristics of the prescribed medication? Select all that apply.

Increased blood pressure, and increased cardiac output

A client who has a diagnosis of schizophrenia is likely to have which pathophysiologic effect?

Increased dopamine

Which outcome should the nurse consider to be side effects of selective cholinergic agonist based upon the characteristics of the prescribed medication? Select all that apply

Increased drooling of oral secretions, abdominal cramping, and blood pressure 88/50 mmHg

An older adult was diagnosed with depression several decades and has been taking tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) ever since, with good effect. The nurse should recognize what therapeutic action of this client's medication?

Inhibiting reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

A client diagnosed with myasthenia gravis is administered a cholinergic drug named Neostigmine. How does this drug produce its therapeutic effect?

It stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system

A client has been administered an opioid. For which effect should the client be regularly assessed for?

Level of consciousness(LOC)

A client is being treated for Parkinson diseases and has been prescribed both Levodopa and carbidopa. Why is this course of combination treatment most effective?

Levodopa restores dopamine, and carbiopa decreases peripheral breakdown of levodopa.

Which diet will require the dose of lithium carbonate to be reduced?

Low sodium

A 13-year-old has been prescribed dextroamphetamine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) since age 10, achieving significant improvements in behavior and mood. When assessing the child during a scheduled follow-up appointment, the nurse should prioritize what physical assessment to monitor for a potential adverse reaction to the therapy?

Measurement of height and body weight

A client is scheduled to undergo a bronchoscopy for the investigation of a bronchial mass. What benzodiazepine should the clinic nurse anticipate administering for conscious sedation?

Midazolam

A client with depression has been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). What education should the nurse provide to this client? Select all the apply.

Monitor blood pressure closely, Do not take over-the-counter (OTC) drugs without talking to physician and A void foods containing tyramines.

What medication will be ordered for a client prescribed an opioid for pain who is unresponsive with respiration's assessed at 6 breaths per minute?

Naloxone

A client who diagnosed with Parkinson's disease is being treated with levodopa/carbidopa. Which disorder will result in the discontinuation of this drug based on disease-related contraindication?

Narrow-angle glaucoma

Following recent changes in memory and personality, a 72-year-old in undergoing neurological testing to rule out Alzheimer's disease. The nurse is aware that this disease is characterized by what patho physiological phenomena? Select all that apply.

Neuritic plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles

A client is being prescribed dextroamphetamine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). During health education, the nurse should make the client aware of the black box warning relating to what potential risk issue?

Potential for abuse

What effect will severe dehydration and a decreased albumin level have any clients prescribed dose of phenytoin?

Potentially cause a toxic Serum level

Epinephrine performs what function when administered with lidocaine to affect local anesthesia?

Prolonging the effects of lidocaine

After the nurse administers an anticholinergic medication to the client , the nurse would provide which interventions because of the drug's actions on the body> select all that apply.

Provide frequent mouth care for fry mucous membranes, and auscultate bowel sounds and assess for constipation

When considering migraine headaches, what is the primary goal of abortive therapy?

Relief of symptoms associated with migraines

A client experiencing cancer pain is receiving morphine every 2 hours. What assessment should the family be taught to make while caring for this client at home?

Respiratory depression

A client will undergo an endoscopy with conscious sedation using Midazolam. The nurse who is participating in this procedure should monitor the client closely for which signs of adverse reaction?

Respiratory depression

A client has been taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for the treatment of depression. Which represents the action of the medication?

SSRIs prevent serotonin from being reabsorbed

The normal function of which neurotransmitter is most likely impaired when a client expresses feelings of gloom and the inability to perform activities of daily living?

Serotinin

A client, being treated for bipolar disorder with lithium carbonate, has a history of congestive heart failure and hypertension. The client has an increased fluid volume and has recently had difficulty breathing. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor to provide for affect the action of the clients lithium carbonate therapy?

Serum sodium

Which side effect of fluoxetine is most commonly the cause for poor client adherence?

Sexual dysfunction

The nurse is scheduled to administer pancuronium, a neuromuscular- blocking medication, to a client receiving mechanical ventilation. The nurse would predict which receptor subtype(s) to be activated resulting in a stimulatory response?

Specifically nicotinic m receptors

The nurse should prioritize which assessment when caring for a teenager who has recently been prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?

Suicidal ideation

In order to maximize therapeutic benefit while reducing the risk of adverse effects of sumatriptan, the nurse should encourage the client to implement which intervention?

Take the medication as soon as the earliest symptoms of migraines are sensed.

In order to minimize the chances of withdrawal symptoms, the nurse knows that the client prescribed a benzodiazepine taken daily will likely be advised to take which precaution?

Tapering the dose of drug over a prolonged period of time

A young client has been prescribed an antipsychotic agent to relieve psychotic symptoms. Which goal of care is the priority?

The client will remain safe

A client being treated for a seizure disorder with phenytoin is it amid it to the emergency room with sinus bradycardia. What action will occur regarding the phenytoin?

The medication will be discontinued

What is the purpose of a "drug holiday" for a teenager prescribed an amphetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

To minimize weight loss

What is the most effective way for the nurse to evaluate the clients pain response after administering an opioid analgesic?

Using a pain scale, ask the client to describe the pain