Pharmacology final

Famotadine is prescribed for a client with PUD (peptic ulcer disease). Which MOA is a characteristic of this medication? A. Increases gastric motility B. Neutralizes gastric acidity C. Facilitates histamine release D. Inhibits gastric acid secretion

D. Inhibits gastric acid secretion

A client who receives morphine by patient-controlled analgesia has a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/minute. Which intervention is needed? A. Nasotracheal suction B. Mechanical ventilation C. Naloxone administration D. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

C. Naloxone administration

A client is discharged with a prescription for sustained-release nitroglycerin. Which information will the nurse provide to the client? A. Swallow the capsule whole B. Take the medication with milk C. Place the capsule under the tongue D. Crush the capsule and mix with food

A. Swallow the capsule whole

Which would the nurse include in the client's medication teaching on the administration of aspirin 650 mg ever 6 hours as needed for arthritic pain? A. Report persistent abdominal pain B. Do not chew enteric coated tablets C. Take aspirin with meals or snacks D. See a dentist if bleeding gums develop E. Switch to acetaminophen if tinnitus occurs

A, B, C

Which instruction would the nurse give an unlicensed assistive personnel to perform while caring for a client prescribed captopril? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Obtain a blood pressure B. Measure I&O's C. Weight the client every morning D. Notify the nurse if the client has a dry cough E. Assist the client to change positions slowly

A, B, C, D, E

A monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) is prescribed. Which will the client need to avoid while taking this medication? A. Fermented foods B. Prolonged sun exposure C. Strenuous physical exercise D. Over-The-Counter antihistamine medications

A. Fermented foods.

Which diuretic would the nurse anticipate administering to a client admitted with acute pulmonary edema? A. Furosemide B. Chlorothiazide C. Spironolactone D. Acetazolamide

A. Furosemide

Which MOA explains how hydrochlorothiazide increases urine output? A. Increases the excretion of sodium B. Increases the glomerular filtration rate C. Decreases the reabsorption of potassium D. Increases renal perfusion

A. Increases the secretion of sodium

When the nurse evaluating a client with an acute asthma attack who has just received a nebulized bronchodilator treatment, which finding requires the most rapid action? A. Labored breathing and absent breath sounds B. Continued high-pitched expiratory wheezes C. Use of pursed-lip breathing during expiration D. Hyperrsonance to percussion of posterior chest

A. Labored breathing and absent breath sounds

A client who is being treated for pruritus complains of sedation. Which medication would the nurse anticipate being prescribed by the primary health care provider to treat this side effect? A. Loratadine B. Hyroxyzine C. Diphenhydramine D. Tramcinolone acetonoide

A. Loratadine

Sublingual nitroglycerin has been prescribed for a client with unstable angina. Which client response indicates that nitroglycerin is effective? A. Pain subsides as a result of arteriole and venous dilation B. Pulse rate increases because the cardiac output has been stimulated C. Sublingual area tingles because sensory nerves are being triggered D. Capacity for activity improves as a response to increased collateral circulation

A. Pain subsides as a result of arteriole and venous dilation

The nurse is assessing an adolescent after the administration of epinephrine. Which side effect is most important for the nurse to identify? A. Tachycardia B. Hypoglycemia C. Constricted pupils D. Decreased blood pressure

A. Tachycardia

The nurse teaches dietary guidelines to a client who will be receiving tranylcypromine sulfate, a monamine oxidase inhibitor. The client compiles a list of foods to avoid. Which foods on the list indicate that the teaching has been effective? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. French fries B. Pepperoni pizza C. Bologna sandwhich D. Hamburger on a bun E. Hash brown potatoes

B, C

IV furosemide has been prescribed for a client with severe edema and hypertension. Which subjective clinical manifestations lead the nurse to suspect that furosemide is infusing too rapidly? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Hunger B. Tinnitus C. Weakeness D. Leg cramps E. Excess salivation

B, C, D

A client receiving morphine is being monitored by the nurse for adverse effects of the medication. Which clinical findings warrant immediate follow up by the nurse? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Polyuria B. Unconsciousness C. Bradycardia D. Dilated pupils E. Bradypnea

B, C, E

A client is prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor for depression. The nurse includes teaching on foods and medications known to cause serious adverse effects when used in combination with MAOI's. Which adverse effect would the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. A serious drop in blood pressure B. A serious increase in blood pressure C. A significant increase in liver enzymes D. A significant increase in cholesterol levels

B. A serious increase in blood pressure

Metoprolol is prescribed for a client with hypertension. The nurse monitors the client for which adverse effect? A. Hirsuitism B. Bradycardia C. Restlessness D. Angina

B. Bradycardia

A client with an organic mental disorder becomes increasingly agitated and abusive and is prescribed haloperidol. Which potential adverse effects would the nurse monitor for in this client? A. Tremors B. Psudoparkinsonism C. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

B. Psudoparkinsonism

A client with arthritis states that the prescribed aspirin causes stomach irritation. How would the nurse instruct the client to take aspirin? A. An hour before a meal B. With food and a full glass of water C. With sodium bicarbonate D. At the same time as the other medications

B. With food and a full glass of water

When teaching a client about digoxin, which symptom will the nurse include as a reason to withhold the digoxin? A. Fatigue B. Yellow vision C. Persistent hiccups D. Increased urinary output

B. Yellow vision

A beta blocker is prescribed for the client with persistent ventricular tachycardia. Which response indicates that the beta blocker is working effectively? A. Decreased anxiety B. Reduced chest pain C. Decreased heart rate D. Increased blood pressure

C. Decreased heart rate

A client is treated with lorazepam for status epilepticus. Which effect of lorazepam is the reason it is given? A. Decreases anxiety associated with seizures B. Promotes rest after the seizure episode C. Depresses the central nervous system (CNS) D. Provides amnesia for the convulsive episode

C. Depresses the central nervous system (CNS)

A client with cirrhosis of the liver develops ascites, and the HCP prescribes spironolactone. The nurse will monitor the client for which adverse medication effect? A. Bruising B. Tachycardia C. Hyperkalemia D. Hypoglycemia

C. Hyperkalemia

A client is receiving furosemide to relieve edema. The nurse will monitor the client for which adverse effect? A. Hypernatremia B. Elevated blood urea nitrogen C. Hypokalemia D. Increase in the urine specific gravity

C. Hypokalemia

Which assessment will assist the nurse in determining whether a client is experiencing adverse effects of risperidone? A. Monitor for episodes of diarrhea B. Test sensation of lower extremities C. Question if dizziness is experienced D. Auscultate breath sounds to detect wheezing

C. Question if dizziness is experienced

A client takes morphine sulfate for severe metastatic bone pain. The nurse will assess the client for which adverse effect? A. Diarrhea B. Addiction C. Respiratory depression D. Diuresis

C. Respiratory depression

Naloxone effectively reverses a client's respiratory depression from an overdose of heroin. Why will the nurse continue to closely monitor this client's status? A. The medication may cause peripheral neuropathy B. Naloxone and heroin can cause cardiac depression when combined C. Symptoms of heroin overdose may return after the naloxone is metabolized D. Hyperexcitability and amnesia may cause the client to thrash about and become injured

C. Symptoms of heroin overdose may return after the naloxone is metabolized.

Which medication is safest to take for pain in the week before a surgical procedure? A. Naproxen B. Aspirin C. Ketorolac D. Acetaminophen

D. Acetaminophen

During a procedure, the client's heart rate drops to 38 beats/min. Which medication is indicated to treat bradycardia? A. Digoxin B. Lidocaine C. Amiodarone D. Atropine sulfate

D. Atropine sulfate

A client with GERD receives a prescription for an H2 receptor antagonist. Which medications are within the classification of an H2 receptor antagonist? Select all that apply. A. Nizatidine B. Ranitidine C. Famotadine D. Lansoprazole E. Metoclpramide

A, B, C

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of heart failure and acute pulmonary edema. The HCP prescribes furosemide 40 mg IV stat to be repeated in 1 hour. Which nursing action will best evaluate the effectiveness of the furosemide in managing the client's condition? A. Performing daily weights B. Auscultating breath sounds C. Monitoring I&O D. Assessing for dependent edema

B. Auscultating breath sounds

Which client response must the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of amiodarone? A. Absence of ischemic chest pain B. Decrease in cardiac dysrhythmias C. Improvement of fasting lipid profile D. Maintenance of blood pressure control

B. Decrease in cardiac dysrhythmias

A client with arthritis takes large doses of aspirin. Which symptom would the nurse include when teaching the client about the clinical manifestations of aspirin toxicity? A. Feelings of drowsiness B. Disturbances in hearing C. Intermittent constipation D. Metallic taste in the mouth

B. Disturbances in hearing

Which life-threatening complication may occur in clients taking high-dose or long-term ibuprofen? A. Anaphylaxis B. GI bleeding C. Cardiac dysrhythmia D. Disulfiram reaction

B. GI bleeding

Which food would the nurse instruct a client taking diltiazem to avoid? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Alcohol B. Grapefruit juice C. Cheddar cheese D. Summer sausage E. Dark green vegetables

B. Grapefruit juice

The nurse would identify which medication as the most common cause of extrapyramidal side effects (EPSs)? A. Clozapine B. Haloperidol C. Risperidone D. Aripiprazole

B. Haloperidol

Valsartan, an angiotensin II antagonist, is prescribed for a client. The nurse will monitor the client for which adverse effect. A. Constipation B. Hyperkalemia C. Hypertension D. Change in visual acuity

B. Hyperkalemia

Captopril is prescribed for a client. Which effect would the nurse anticipate? A. Increased urine output B. Decreased anxiety C. Improved sleep D. Decreased blood pressure

D. Decreased blood pressure

A client takes oxycodone every 3 hours for pain after surgery. Which actions would the nurse take before administering each dose of oxycodone? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Count the client's respiratory rate B. Examine the client for petechiae C. Observe the client for movement disorders D. Ask the client to rate the level of pain E. Assess the client's level of consciousness

A, D, E

A client with midsternal pain presents to the ER. Vital signs are stable. Which form of nitroglycerin would the nurse anticipate giving initially? A. Oral capsule B. Sublingual spray C. Intravenous solution D. Transdermal patch

B. Sublingual spray

A client reports frequently taking calcium carbonate. The nurse advises the client that this can have which effect? A. Diarrhea B. Water retention C. Rebound hyperacidity D. Bone demineralization

C. Rebound hyperacidity

The client with a seizure disorder receives intravenous (IV) phenytoin. The nurse will monitor closely for which condition? A. Cardiac dysrhythmias B. Hypoglycemia C. Polycythemia D. Paradoxical excitation

A. Cardiac Dysrhythmias

A client with Parkinson's disease is admitted to the hospital. Which medication is prescribed to improve the physical manifestations of Parkinson's disease? A. Carbidopa-levodopa B. Isocarboxazid C. Dopamine D. Pyridoxine

A. Caribidopa-levodopa

A client's serum lithium level is 0.2 mEq/L. Which interpretation is correct? A. Toxic level B. Borderline toxic level C. Subtherapeutic level D. Borderline therapeutic level

C. Subtherapeutic level

A client with a seizure disorder will begin taking phenytoin. Which instructions will the nurse give to the client? A. Take the medication on an empty stomach B. Provide meticulous oral hygiene C. Taper off the medication if seizures are controlled for three months D. Stop taking the medication if you become pregnant

B. Provide meticulous oral hygiene

The nurse teaches the parents of a child prescribed long-term phenytoin therapy about care. Which statement indicates that teaching has been effective? A. We give the medication between meals B. We'll call the clinic if her urine turns pink C. She's eating high-calorie foods, and we encourage fluids, too D. We'll have her massage her gums and floss her teeth frequently

D. We'll have her massage her gums and floss her teeth frequently

The nurse is teaching a client about tricyclic antidepressants. Which potential side effects would the nurse include? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Dry mouth B. Drowsiness C. Constipation D. Severe hypertension E. Orthostatic hypotension

A, B, C, E

Which information would the nurse include when teaching a client with coronary artery disease about aspirin therapy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Take aspirin with food B. Report ringing in the ears C. Monitor and report excessive bleeding and bruising D. Do not mix with aspirin with medications for erectile dysfunction E. Avoid over-the-counter pain medications that contain aspirin

A, B, C, E

Which nursing interventions are important when caring for clients receiving IV digoxin? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Monitor the heart rate closely B. Check the blood levels of digoxin C. Administer the dose over 1 minute D. Monitor the serum potassium levels E. Give the medication with other infusing medications

A, B, D

A client is prescribed albuterol to relieve severe asthma. Which adverse effects will the nurse instruct the client to anticipate? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Tremors B. Lethargy C. Palpitations D. Bronchoconstriction E. Decreased pulse rate

A, C

Which nursing action has the highest priority when caring for a client receiving nitroglycerin for the treatment of angina? A. Asking the client to sit or stand slowly B. Monitoring the client's urine output frequently C. Advising the client to report when experiencing a headache D. Reporting to the health care provider if pain does not subside after 5 minutes

A. Asking the client to sit or stand slowly

Which catecholamine receptor is responsible for increased heart rate? A. Beta-1 receptor B. Beta-2 receptor C. Alpha-1 receptor D. Alpha-2 receptor

A. Beta-1 receptor

A client with hypertension has received a prescription for metoprolol. Which information will the nurse include when teaching this client about metoprolol? A. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication B. Consume alcoholic beverages in moderation C. Report a heart rate of less than 70 BPM D. Increase the medication dosage if chest pain occurs.

A. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication

An older adult living in a long term care facility has been receiving 600 mg of lithium twice a day for 3 weeks to ease manic behavior. The client is experiencing nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, thirst, polyuria, slurred speech, and muscle weakness. Which intervention is appropriate? A. Withholding the next dose of lithium and drawing blood for a lithium level B. Obtaining a prescription for the antidote to lithium and administering it immediately C. Suggesting that the health care provider replace the lithium for an antiepileptic that will control the mania D. Assessing the client for coarse hand tremor and, if it is present, giving the daily dose of lithium with a bit of water.

A. Withholding the next dose of lithium and drawing blood for a lithium level.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Which medication would the nurse include as the frequently prescribed medication for this disorder? A. Lorazepam B. Haloperidol C. Methylphenidate D. Methocarbamol

C. Methylphenidate

A HCP prescribes losartan for a client. Which is an important nursing action? A. Assess the client for hypokalemia B. Administer the medication with food C. Monitor the client's blood pressure D. Monitor the serum glucose levels

C. Monitor the client's blood pressure

Before beginning administration of morphine via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), which assessment would the nurse perform first? A. Temperature B. Blood pressure (BP) C. Respirations D. Urinary output

C. Respirations

Which action would the nurse perform when administering fluticasone propionate to a client with asthma? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Assessing heart rate and rhythm B. Monitoring liver function blood tests C. Rinsing oral cavity with water after use D. Obtaining blood glucose levels before meals E. Giving stool softeners to prevent constipation

C. Rinsing oral cavity with water after use

Which portion of the nervous system is primarily responsible for the clinical manifestations that occur during a crisis? A. Central nervous system B. Peripheral nervous system C. Sympathetic nervous system D. Parasympathetic system

C. Sympathetic nervous system

A client diagnosed with a TIA related to hypertension is discharged with a prescription of hydrochlorothiazide. Which instruction would the nurse include when teaching about this medication? A. Resume regular eating habits B. Drink a protein supplement daily C. Avoid eating foods high in insoluble fiber D. Increase the intake of potassium-rich foods

D. Increase the intake of potassium rich foods

Which medication requires the nurse to monitor the client for signs of hyperkalemia? A. Furosemide B. Metolazone C. Spironolactone D. Hydrocholorothiazie

C. Spironolactone

A client receives cardiac glycoside, a diuretic, an ACE inhibitor, and a vasodilator. The client's apical pulse rate is 44 BPM. the nurse concludes that the decreased heart rate is caused by which medication? A. Diuretic B. Vasodilator C. ACE inhibitor D. Cardiac glycoside

D. Cardiac glycoside

Which advice would the nurse include in a teaching plan to reduce the side effects of ditalizem? A. Lie down after meals B. Avoid dairy products in diet C. Take the medication with an antacid D. Change slowly from sitting to standing

D. Change slowly from sitting to standing

The nurse teaches a client's family about the administration of donepezil for treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer type. Which side effect identified by the caregiver indicates to the nurse that further teaching is needed? A. Nausea B. Dizziness C. Headache D. Constipation

D. Constipation

A client has been give a prescription for furosemide every day in conjunction with digoxin. Which concern would prompt the nurse to ask the HCP about potassium supplements? A. Digoxin causes significant potassium depletion B. The liver destroys potassium as digoxin is detoxified C. Lasix requires adequate serum potassium to promote diuresis D. Digoxin toxicity occurs rapidly in the presence of hypokalemia

D. Digoxin toxicity occurs rapidly in the presence of hypokalemia.

A client with myocardial infarction receives intravenous nitroglycerin to relieve pain. The nurse will assess for which medication side effect? A. Nausea B. Delirium C. Bradycardia D. Hypotension

D. Hypotension

A client is taking ibuprofen for rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse if acetaminophen can be substituted. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? A. Yes, both are antipyretics and have the same effect B. Acetaminophen irritates the stomach more than ibuprofen does C. Acetaminophen is the preferred treatment for rheumatoid arthritis D. Ibuprofen has anti-inflammatory properties, and acetaminophen does not.

D. Ibuprofen has anti-inflammatory properties, and acetaminophen does not

The nurse provides medication discharge instructions to a client who received a prescription for digoxin. Which statement by the client leads the nurse to conclude that the teaching was effective? A. I will avoid foods high in potassium B. I must increase my intake of vitamin K C. I should adjust the dosage according to my activities D. It will be important to check my pulse rate daily

D. It will be important to check my pulse rate daily

A health care provider prescribes furosemide for a client with hypervolemia. The nurse recalls that furosemide exerts its effects in which part of the renal system? A. Distal tubule B. Collecting duct C. Glomerulus of the nephron D. Loop of Henle

D. Loop of Henle

A client is receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which instruction would the nurse give the client? A. It is necessary to avoid the sun B. Drowsiness is an expected side effect of this medication C. The therapeutic and toxic levels of this medication are very close. D. Many prescribed and over-the-counter medications cannot be taken with this medication

D. Many prescribed and over-the-counter medications cannot be take with this medication

Which over the counter medication would the nurse teach a client taking antihypertensive medication to avoid? A. Omeprazole B. Acetaminophen C. Docusate sodium D. Pseudoephedrine

D. Pseudoepehdrine

The nurse administers carbidopa-levodopa to a client with Parkinson's disease. Which activity describes the mechanism of action of this medication? A. Increase acetylcholine production B. Regeneration of injured thalamic cells C. Improvement of myelination of neurons D. Replacement of a neurotransmitter in the brain

D. Replacement of a neurotransmitter in the brain

A child is prescribed fluticasone after an acute asthma attack. Which instruction would the nurse give the family about the administration of this medication? A. Fluticasone needs to be taken with food or milk B. Fluticasone is primarily used to treat acute asthma attacks C. The child should suck on hard candy to help relieve dry mouth D. Watch for white patches in the mouth and report to the health care provider

D. Watch for white patches in the mouth and report to the health care provider

Carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease. Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching the client about this medication? A. Take this medication with meals B. Blood levels of the medication should be monitored weekly C. It can cause happy feelings followed by feelings of depression D. You may experience dizziness when moving from sitting to standing

D. You may experience dizziness when moving from sitting to standing