Pharmacology Final

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who took 3 nitroglycerin tablets sublingually for chest pain. The client reports relief from the chest pain but now he is experiencing a headache. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following findings should the nurse investigate further?

A history of severe left-sided heart failure

A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse administer medications to a client. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse should prompt the charge nurse to intervene?

Documents medication administration prior to administering it.

A nurse is administering timolol eye drops to a client who has glaucoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Drop prescribed amount of medication into the conjunctival sac.

The nurse is discharging a client from the hospital who has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I need to limit my sun exposure and wear sunscreen while on this medication.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for fluoxetine to treat depression. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I'll take this medicine first thing in the morning

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina about nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nitroglycerin dilates cardiac blood vessels to deliver more oxygen to the heart

A nurse is preparing an in-service program about preventing medication errors when transcribing a prescription. The nurse is using a dosage example of two tenths of a milligram. Which of the following examples should the nurse use to show appropriate transcription of this dosage?

0.2 mg

. A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO every 12 hr. The amount available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number/tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

2 | 2 tablet(s)

A nurse is preparing to administer liquid famotidine 20 mg PO every 6 hr for a client who has GERD. Available is famotidine 40 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.

2.5 | 2.5 mL

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has pneumonia and a prescription for cefpodoxime 5 mg/kg PO every 12 hr for 5 days. The client weighs 88 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number/tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

200 | 200mL

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has acute toxicity from acetaminophen overdose. The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following medications?

Acetylcysteine

A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is providing teaching to a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new treatment regimen of timolol and pilocarpine eye drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Administer the medications 5 minutes apart.

A nurse in an urgent care center is caring for a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following actions is the nurse's highest priority?

Administering a nebulized beta-adrenergic

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use to abort an acute asthma attack?

Albuterol

A nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin. The nurse should verify which of the following prescriptions with the provider?

Amoxicillin-clavulanate

What is the difference between antitussive medications and expectorants? The best response by the nurse to explain this is:

Antitussives suppress coughing and expectorants loosen bronchial secretions.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Apply the transdermal patch in the morning.

Before administering a medication to a client, the nurse must identify the client. Which of the following methods of identification should the nurse use?

Ask the client's full name and date of birth.

A nurse is preparing to administer a pre-packaged oral medication to a client and complete the final medication check. At which of the following times or places should the nurse perform this final check?

At the client's bedside before administration

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aspirin to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should include to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Bleeding

A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and is to be started on intravenous rifampin therapy. The nurse should instruct the client that this medication can cause which of the following adverse effects?

Body secretions turning a red-orange color

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). When the client develops a sample lunch menu, which of the following items requires intervention by the nurse?

Bologna sandwich

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV vancomycin. The nurse notes a flushing of the neck and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Decrease the infusion rate on the IV.

A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about a new prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Do not take antihistamines with this medication

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports taking bisacodyl tablets daily. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Excessive laxative use may cause an electrolyte imbalance.

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and receives 25 units of NPH insulin every morning if her blood glucose level is above 200 mg/dL. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Expect the NPH insulin to peak in 6 to 14 hr.

A nurse is caring for a female client who has rheumatoid arthritis and asks the nurse if it is safe for her to take aspirin. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings in the client's history is a contraindication to this medication?

History of gastric ulcers

A nurse is teaching a client who has depression about a new prescription for fluoxetine 20 mg daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?

I should notify my provider if I develop a skin rash.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for sucralfate to treat a gastric ulcer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will take this medication 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.

A nurse on a crisis hotline is speaking to a client who says, "I just took an entire bottle of amitriptyline." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

I'm glad you called, and I want to send an ambulance to help you.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for verapamil for angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Increase your daily intake of dietary fiber

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Monitor for a cough.

A client is teaching a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for management of hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Monitor for leg cramps.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for erythromycin. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Monitor for ringing in your ears

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse misread the client's morning blood glucose level as 210 mg/dL instead of 120 mg/dL and administered the insulin dose appropriate for a reading over 200 mg/dL before the client's breakfast. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?

Monitor the client for hypoglycemia.

A nurse is preparing to administer morphine IV to a client. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to have available?

Naloxone

A 70-year-old client is being treated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with theophylline. What will be a priority assessment by the nurse?

Nicotine use

92. What is an indication for the use of estrogen receptor modulators?

Postmenopausal osteoporosis

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for propranolol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions to this medication?

Postural hypotension

A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting severe manifestations of serotonin syndrome. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?

Preparing for artificial ventilation.

A nurse is assessing a client who is on long term omeprazole therapy. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the medication is effective?

Reduced dyspepsia

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking sucralfate. Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?

Relief of gastrointestinal pain

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery and reports incisional pain. The surgeon has prescribed morphine 4 mg IV bolus every 6 hr as needed. Before administering this medication, the nurse should complete which priority assessment?

Respiratory rate

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new prescription for phenelzine. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods when taking this medication?

Salami

92. A client is in the clinic for a follow-up visit after having been on hormone replacement therapy for 3 months. Which report by the client should be the priority concern for the nurse?

Smoking 8-10 cigarettes per day

A nurse is teaching a client about taking an expectorant to treat a cough. The nurse should explain that this type of medication has which of the following actions?

Stimulates secretions

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stable angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Swallow the capsules whole

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking lisinopril to treat hypertension. Which of the following findings is a priority to report?

Swelling of the tongue

The nurse caring for a 38-year-old client started on albuterol should advise the client that he or she may experience what adverse effect?

Tachycardia

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ibuprofen to treat hip pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Take the medication with food.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for colesevelam to lower his low-density lipoprotein level. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Take this medication 4 hours after other medications

A nurse is administering nasal decongestant drops for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Tell the client to blow her nose gently before the instillation.

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration records of four clients who have a prescription for morphine PRN. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to this medication?

The client has a paralytic ileus.

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 100 mg PO every 8 hr to a toddler who weighs 20 kg. The recommended dosage range is 20 to 25 mg/kg/day. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate?

The nurse determines the prescription is insufficient to achieve the desired effect.

Type MA: A nurse is preparing to discharge a child who has a new prescription for an oral antibiotic. Which of following information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? (Select all that apply.)

The reason why the child is taking the medication The adverse effects of the medication

Why are inhaled steroids used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators.

The nurse is working with a client who is newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Diagnostic testing has indicated that the client's health problem is caused by anterior pituitary dysfunction. This client's hypothyroidism is rooted in a deficiency of:

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking aspirin for arthritis. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?

Tinnitus

Antitussive agents should be used with caution in patients who have a history of addiction.

True

A nurse in a provider's clinic is assessing a client who takes sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina. The client reports getting a headache each time he takes the medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Try taking a mild analgesic to relieve the headache

A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?

Vancomycin

A nurse working on a medical unit is completing the admission of a client who reports a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Verify the client's medication prescriptions do not include cephalosporin.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Take the medication early in the day.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for lisinopril. Which of following statements by the nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

should report a cough to my provider

A nurse is teaching about necessary baseline examinations with a female client who is to start taking atorvastatin. Which of the following baseline examinations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Liver function tests

A nurse is teaching a client who has a depressive disorder about fluoxetine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You may experience a decreased sex drive while taking this medication."

A nurse is providing medication teaching for a client who has a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You should change positions slowly while taking this medication."

A nurse is caring for four clients. After administering morning medications, she realizes that the nifedipine prescribed for one client was inadvertently administered to another client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Check the client's vital signs.

A nurse is caring for a client who has E. coli infection and a prescription for gentamicin 5mg/kg/day by intermittent IV bolus every 8 hr. Which of the following manifestations indicate the client is experiencing gentamicin toxicity? (Select all that apply)

Dizziness Tinnitus

A nurse is teaching a client following a cystoscopy about his new prescription for tamsulosin. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching?

Dizziness.

Your client has been maintained on theophylline for many years and has recently taken up smoking. The nurse would expect the theophylline levels for this client to:

Fall because nicotine stimulates liver metabolism of theophylline.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for verapamil. Which of the following beverages should the nurse tell the client to avoid while taking this medication?

Grapefruit juice

A client with persistent, frequent asthma exacerbations asks a nurse about a long-acting beta2-agonist (LABAs) medication. What will the nurse tell this client?

Growth may be slowed, but eventual adult height will not be reduced.

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding this type of insulin?

Insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr.

A nurse is administering morphine 2 mg IV every 2 to 4 hr to a client who has an abdominal incision. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for docusate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Take the medication with a full glass of water.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has pulmonary tuberculosis and a new prescription for rifampin. Which of the following information should the nurse provide?

Urine and other secretions might turn orange.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for simvastatin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

You should avoid grapefruit juice

A nurse is teaching a client who has a duodenal ulcer about his new prescription for cimetidine. The nurse should include which of the following instructions in the teaching?

Your doctor might need to reduce your theophylline dose while taking this medication

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for montelukast. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects to the provider?

Depression

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has major depressive disorder and a prescription for nortriptyline 25 mg daily. Which of the following client statements indicates understanding of the teaching?

"I should sit on the side of the bed before standing up in the morning."

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking atorvastatin daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice."

A client is being given theophylline to treat acute asthma symptoms. Which of the following foods should the client avoid that may interfere with this medication?

Chocolate

A client presents to the emergency department having an acute asthma attack. The physician has ordered a sympathomimetic (epinephrine). The nurse expects what as the therapeutic effect of this drug?

Dilation of the bronchi with increased rate and depth of respirations

A nurse is teaching a client how to draw up regular insulin and NPH insulin into the same syringe. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Discard regular insulin that appears cloudy.

A nurse is caring for a client who has major depressive disorder and was prescribed citalopram 2 weeks ago with a planned dosage increase 1 week ago. The client reports having an improved appetite, but still feels very depressed and is still having trouble sleeping. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Explain that antidepressants often take several weeks to be fully effective.

A nurse is caring for a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Finasteride

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride (KCL) to a client who is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse reviews the client's serum potassium level results and discovers the client's potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Give the ordered KCL as prescribed.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has angina pectoris and a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I'll dial 911 if 1 nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve my pain, and then take up to 2 more tablets 5 minutes apart while waiting.

A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma about how to use an albuterol inhaler. Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

The client holds his breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypercholesterolemia and is receiving simvastatin. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential adverse effect?

Weakness

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for fluticasone/salmeterol. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?

White coating in the mouth

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe?

42 units