Pharmacology HESI Practice Questions
The nurse understands that haloperidol is MOST effective for clients who exhibit which type of behavior? a. depressed b. overactive c. withdrawn d. manipulative
b. overactive
When a client exhibits severe bradycardia, which type of med will the nurse be prepared to administer? a. nitrate b. anticholinergic c. antihypertensive d. cardiac glycoside
b. anticholinergic
The client w/ hypokalemia reports nausea, vomiting, and seeing a yellow light around objects. Which of the client's meds is the likely cause of the client's symptoms? a. digoxin b. furosemide c. propranolol d. spironolactone
a. digoxin
A client who takes rifampin tells the nurse, "my urine looks orange." Which action would the nurse take? a. explain that this is expected b. check the liver enzymes c. ask the provider to order a urinalysis d. ask what foods were eaten
a. explain that this is expected
Which action describes a therapeutic effect of atenolol? a. heart rate decreases b. cardiac output increases c. bronchospasm is relieved d. pulse oximetry improves
a. heart rate decreases
Which assessment findings during the administration of IV penicillin prompt the nurse to stop the infusion? SATA a. hives b. itching c. nausea d. skin rash e. SOB
a. hives b. itching d. skin rash e. SOB
Which action would the nurse take to avoid red man syndrome when preparing to administer a vancomycin infusion? a. infuse slowly b. change the IV site c. reduce the dosage d. administer vitamin K
a. infuse slowly
A child is prescribed intravenous mannitol. The nurse understands mannitol belongs to which classification of diuretics? a. loop b. osmotic c. potassium sparing d. carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
b. osmotic
The nurse assesses a client who has an IV infusion of normal saline. Which assessment findings is the nurse's PRIOIRITY concern? a. there is bleeding at the infusion site b. the client feels SOB and is orthopneic c. the IV limits client mobility d. infiltration has occurred at the catheter insertion site
b. the client feels SOB and is orthopneic
A client is to receive metoclopramide IV 30 min before initiating chemotherapy for cancer of the colon. The nurse explains that metoclopramide is given for which purpose? a. to stimulate production of GI secretions b. to stimulate peristalsis of the upper GI tract c. to prolong excretion of the chemotherapeutic med d. to increase absorption of the chemotherapeutic med
b. to stimulate peristalsis of the upper GI tract
Which issue related to antibiotic use is an increased risk for the older adult? a. allergy b. toxicity c. resistance d. superinfection
b. toxicity
A client receiving morphine is being monitored by the nurse for adverse effects of the med. Which clinical finding s warrant immediate follow up by the nurse? SATA a. polyuria b. unconsciousness c. bradycardia d. dilated pupils e. bradypnea
b. unconsciousness c. bradycardia e. bradypnea
The HCP prescribes a cholinergic med to treat a client's urinary problem. Which effect would the nurse anticipate? a. urinary frequency decreases b. urinary retention is prevented c. pain is controlled d. urinary urgency decreases
b. urinary retention is prevented
The lab report establishes that the client has a warfarin overdose. Which antidote would the nurse anticipate administering? a. physostigmine b. vitamin K c. iron dextran d. protamine sulfate
b. vitamin K
The client diagnosed w/ CAD is prescribed atorvastatin. Which statement by the client would warrant the nurse notifying the HCP? a. "I really haven't changed my diet, but I am taking my med every day" b. "I am swimming at the local pool about three times a week for 30 min" c. "I am feeling pretty good except I am having muscle pain all over my body" d. "I am taking this med first thing in the morning w/ a bowl of oatmeal"
c. "I am feeling pretty good except I am having muscle pain all over my body"
How would the nurse determine if a client is experiencing the therapeutic effect of valsartan? a. check a lipid profile b. assess an apical pulse c. measure urinary output d. check the bp
d. check the bp
Which nursing assessment is MOST important for a child receiving cyclophosphamide? a. extent of alopecia b. changes in appetite c. hyperplasia of gums d. daily intake and output
d. daily intake and output
Captopril is prescribed for a client. Which effect would the nurse anticipate? a. increased urine output b. decreased anxiety c. improved sleep d. decreased bp
d. decreased bp
A client who is being treated for pruritus complains of sedation. Which med would the nurse anticipate being prescribed by the phcp to treat this side effect? a. loratadine b. hydroxyzine c. diphenhydramine d. triamcinolone acetonide
a. loratadine
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is prescribed for a child w/ a urinary tract infection. Which statement by the parent indicates the nurse's instructions about administration have been understood? a. "mealtime is a good time to give the med" b. "i'll make sure to give each pill w/ 6-8oz of fluid" c. "it must be taken w/ orange juice to ensure acidity of urine" d. "the med has to be taken every 4 hours to maintain a blood level
"i'll make sure to give each pill w/ 6-8oz of fluid"
The nurse administers albuterol to a 4yo child. Which intervention would assist the nurse in evaluating the effectiveness of this med? a. auscultate breath sounds b. collect a sputum sample c. conduct a neurological examination d. palpate chest excursion
a. auscultate breath sounds
The client w/ a seizure disorder receives IV phenytoin. The nurse will monitor closely for which condition? a. cardiac dysrhythmias b. hypoglycemia c. polycythemia d. paradoxical excitation
a. cardiac dysrhythmias
A client is taking thyroxine to manage hypothyroidism. Which developments indicate to the nurse that the dosage should be reduced? SATA a. diaphoresis b. weight gain c. tachycardia d. nervousness e. cold intolerance
a. diaphoresis c. tachycardia d. nervousness
Which med would the nurse anticipate may be prescribed to produce diuresis and inhibit formation of aqueous humor for a client w/ glaucoma? a. chlorothiazide b. acetazolamide c. methazolamide d. aclidinium bromide
b. acetazolamide
A HCP prescribes a diuretic for a client w/ HTN. Which MOA explains how diuretics reduce bp? a. they facilitate vasodilation b. they promote smooth muscle relaxation c. they reduce the circulating blood volume d. they block the sympathetic nervous system
c. they reduce the circulating blood volume
The nurse would include which instruction to the parents of a child being treated w/ oral ampicillin for otitis media? a. complete the entire course of antibiotic therapy b. herbal fever remedies are highly discouraged c. administer the med w/ meals d. stop the antibiotic therapy when the child no longer has a fever
a. complete the entire course of antibiotic therapy
The home health nurse is caring for a client diagnosed w/ heart failure who has been prescribed digoxin and furosemide. Which statement indicates the meds are effective? a. "I am able to walk next door w/o being SOB" b. "I have gained 3 lbs since my last visit" c. "I keep my feet propped up as much as I can during the day" d. "I am staying on my diet, and I don't salt my foods anymore"
a. "I am able to walk next door w/o being SOB"
The nurse is discharging a client diagnosed w/ a DVT who is prescribed warfarin. Which statement indicates the need for more teaching regarding this med? a. "I will increase the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat" b. "If i get cut, I will apply pressure for at least 5 min" c. "I will have to see my HCP regularly while taking this med" d. "I should wear a medic alert bracelet in case of an emergency"
a. "I will increase the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat"
When teaching a client w/ tb about prescribed meds, which statement would the nurse use regarding isoniazid? SATA a. "be sure to take the med in an empty stomach" b. "report any changes in vision to your phcp" c. "take daily multiple vitamins that contain B complex" d. "wear protective clothing when going outdoors during the day" e. "report darkening of your urine or a yellowish skin discoloration"
a. "be sure to take the med in an empty stomach" c. "take daily multiple vitamins that contain B complex" e. "report darkening of your urine or a yellowish skin discoloration"
Which instructions will the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client w/ hyperlipidemia who is being discharged w/ a prescription for cholestyramine? a. "increase your intake of fiber and fluids" b. "take the med before you go to bed" c. "check your pulse before taking the med" d. "contact your hcp if your skin turns yellow"
a. "increase your intake of fiber and fluid"
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent IV piggyback (IVPG) doses of vancomycin every 12 hours. The phcp prescribes trough levels of the antibiotic. The nurse schedules the blood sample to be obtained at which time? a. just before the med is administered b. between 30-60 min after the infusion is completed c. six hours after the dose is completely infused d. in the morning before the client eats breakfast
a. just before the medication is administered
The nurse teaches the client about effects of carbamazepine that would be reported to the primary HCP. Which effects would the nurse include? SATA a. nausea b. dizziness c. unusual bleeding or bruising d. sensitivity to bright light or sun e. breast enlargement
a. nausea c. unusual bleeding or bruising
During an assessment, the client mentions taking cefotetan and drinking a few cocktails at dinner. Which symptoms might be explained by this med-alcohol interaction? SATA a. pruritus b. diaphoresis c. hypotension d. hypertension e. stomach cramps f. chest pain
a. pruritus b. diaphoresis c. hypotension e. stomach cramps
The nurse is assessing an adolescent after the administration of epinephrine. Which side effect is MOST important for the nurse to identify? a. tachycardia b. hypoglycemia c. constricted pupils d. decreased bp
a. tachycardia
An infant w/ congenital hypothyroidism receives levothyroxine for 3 months. Which findings would indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? a. the infant is alert and interactive b. the skin is cool to the touch c. the baby's fine tremor has ceased d. the baby's thyroid stimulating hormone level has increased
a. the infant is alert and interactive
Which adverse effect would the nurse continually assess for in a client receiving valproic acid? a. yellow sclerae b. motor restlessness c. ringing in the ears d. torsion of the neck
a. yellow sclerae
Propylthiouracil and potassium iodide are prescribed for the client w/ hyperthyroidism. Which statement would the nurse include in the client's plan of care? a. administer propylthiouracil and potassium iodide on an empty stomach b. assess the client for signs of infection and bleeding every shift c. stop the meds 2 weeks before thyroid surgery d. discontinue the meds if the heart rate is maintained within the expected range for 48 hours
b. assess the client for signs of infection and bleeding every shift
The nurse is administering 40 mg of furosemide IV. Which sensation reported by the client would the nurse consider when determining that it is being administered too quickly? a. full bladder b. buzzing ears c. fast heartbeat d. numb arms and legs
b. buzzing ears
The nurse administers a parenteral preparation of potassium slowly to avoid which complication? a. metabolic acidosis b. cardiac arrest c. seizure activity d. respiratory depression
b. cardiac arrest
Which med requires the nurse to monitor the client for signs of hyperkalemia? a. furosemide b. metolazone c. spironolactone d. hydrochlorothiazide
c. spironolactone
Which IV fluid is a hypertonic solution? a. ringer solution b. 5% dextrose in water c. lactated ringer solution d. 5% dextrose in normal saline
d. 5% dextrose in normal saline
The nurse plans to teach a fifth-grader w/ T1D how to self-administer lispro and glargine insulin. Which action would the nurse include in the teaching plan? a. alternate the sites until the best one to use is found b. self-administer the injections after being taught the technique c. draw up the insulin glargine and then draw up the insulin lispro d. learn to use the needle and syringe by practicing on an insulin pad first
d. learn to use the needle and syringe by practicing on an insulin pad first
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed w/ migraine headaches. Which information should the nurse teach regarding abortive med therapy? a. take radial pulse for 1 min prior to taking the med b. use the med every day even if no headache c. the med can cause severe hypotension d. limit use of the meds to 1 or 2 days per week
d. limit use of the meds to 1 or 2 days per week
The nurse is reviewing a plan of care for a client who was admitted w/ dehydration as a result of prolonged watery diarrhea. Which new prescription will the nurse question? a. oral psyllium b. oral potassium supplement c. IV normal saline d. magnesium citrate
d. magnesium citrate
The nurse understands that which adverse effect is the LEAST LIKELY to occur in a client who is prescribed clozapine? a. seizures b. sedation c. akathisia d. myocarditis
d. myocarditis
A child is prescribed an IV antibiotic. Within 10 min of the initial infusion, the child's face and neck are flushed but the remainder of the body is unchanged. The nurse reviews the child's record. Which action would the nurse take next? a. administer acetaminophen b. place the child on protective isolation c. increase the rate of the vancomycin infusion d. notify the phcp after stopping the infusion
d. notify the phcp after stopping the infusion
A hcp prescribes famotidine and magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide antacid for a client w/ a peptic ulcer. The nurse will teach the client to take the antacid at which time? a. only at bedtime, when famotidine is not taken b. only if famotidine is ineffective c. at the same time as famotidine, w/ a full glass of water d. one hour before or 2 hours after famotidine
d. one hour before or 2 hours after famotidine
Which effect has resulted in the avoidance of tetracycline use in children under 8yo? a. birth defects b. allergic responses c. severe nausea and vomiting d. permanent tooth discoloration
d. permanent tooth discoloration
An infant w/ a diagnosis of HF is being given furosemide twice a day. Which lab value would the nurse report to the hcp? a. sodium of 140mEq/L b. ionized calcium of 2.35mEq/L c. chloride of 102mEq/L d. potassium of 3.0mEq/L
d. potassium of 3.0 mEq/L
A child is prescribed insulin glargine before breakfast. Which instruction is MOST appropriate for the nurse to give the parents regarding a bedtime snack? a. "offer a snack to prevent hypoglycemia during the night" b. "give the child a snack if signs of hyperglycemia are present" c. "avoid a snack bc the child is being treated w/ long-acting insulin" d. "keep a snack at the bedside in case the child gets hungry during the night"
a. "offer a snack to prevent hypoglycemia during the night"
The nurse is teaching the client diagnosed w/ angina about sublingual nitroglycerin. Which statement indicates the client needs more med teaching? a. "I should expect to get a headache after taking my nitroglycerin" b. "If my pain is not controlled w/ one tablet, I will get medical help" c. "I will always carry my nitroglycerin in a dark colored bottle" d. "If I have chest pain, I will put a tablet under my tongue"
b. "If my pain is not controlled w/ one tablet, I will get medical help"
The client w/ a head injury is experiencing increased intracranial pressure. The HCP prescribes mannitol. Which intervention should the nurse implement when administering the med? a. do not administer if the client's bp is less than 90/60 b. monitor the client's blood gases during administration c. ensure that the client's cardiac status is monitored by telemetry d. use a filtered needle when administering the med
d. use a filtered needle when administering the med
Which complication is an adverse effect of cortisone therapy? a. hypoglycemia b. severe anorexia c. anaphylactic shock d. behavioral changes
d. behavioral changes
The hcp prescribes peak and trough levels after initiation of IV antibiotic therapy. The client asks why these blood tests are necessary. Which reason would the nurse provide? a. "they determine if the dosage of the med is adequate" b. "they detect if you are having an allergic reaction to the med" c. "the tests permit blood culture specimens to be obtained when the med is at its lowest level" d. "these allow comparison of your fever to changes in the antibiotic level"
a. "they determine if the dosage of the med is adequate"
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are prescribed for a client w/ the diagnosis of angina. The nurse advises the client to anticipate pain relief will begin within which period of time? a. 1 to 3 min b. 4 to 5 sec c. 30 to 45 sec d. 10 to 15 min
a. 1 to 3 min
A client's cardiac monitor indicates ventricular tachycardia. The nurse assesses the client and identifies an increase in apical pulse rate from 100 to 150 beats/min. Which action is indicated? a. administer amiodarone b. administer epinephrine c. assist w/ insertion of a pacemaker d. administer atropine
a. administer amiodarone
The registered nurse teaches a student nurse regarding the management of increased potassium levels in a client. Which action performed by the student nurse indicates effective learning? a. administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate b. instructing a client to increase potassium and sodium intake c. monitoring glucose levels hourly d. providing potassium-sparing diuretics
a. administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate
A client reports to the nurse, "I've bee using St. John's Wort to try and feel more like myself again. I'm not sure whether it's going to work." Which symptom would the nurse further assess? a. depression b. sleep disturbances c. diminished cognitive ability d. sensory-perceptual disturbances
a. depression
An infant w/ congenital heart disease is prescribed digoxin and furosemide upon discharge. Which sign would the nurse instruct the parents to be alert for? a. difficulty feeding w/ vomiting b. cyanosis during periods of crying c. daily naps lasting more than 3 hours d. a pulse rate faster than 100 beats/min
a. difficulty feeding w/ vomiting
Which rationale accurately explains why insulin is prescribed for clients in acute renal failure? a. it promotes transfer of potassium into cells to lower serum potassium levels b. insulin is required bc the alpha cells of the pancreas cease to function w/ renal failure c. it is necessary to manage the elevated bg levels that accompany renal failure d. insulin reduces the accumulated toxins by lowering the metabolic rate
a. it promotes transfer of potassium into cells to lower serum potassium levels
Which instructions regarding the use of fluticasone nasal spray are appropriate for client teaching? SATA a. use the med on a regular basis, not PRN b. clear the nasal passages before using the med c. discontinue use of the med if nasal infection develops d. remember that driving may be dangerous bc of the med's sedative effects e. begin taking the med 2 weeks before pollen season starts, and use it throughout the season
a. use the med on a regular basis, not PRN b. clear the nasal passages before using the med c. discontinue use of the med if nasal infection develops
An older client who has been undergoing months of treatment for osteomyelitis reports perianal itching and diarrhea. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to identify? a. whitish-yellow lesions in the oral cavity b. presence of glucose and ketones in urine c. flexion contracture of the lower extremities d. overgrowth of genital wart-like lesions
a. whitish-yellow lesions in the oral cavity
The client w/ a seizure disorder is prescribed phenytoin. Which statement indicates the client understands the med teaching? a. "if my urine turns a reddish-brown color. I should call my doctor" b. "I will use a soft bristled toothbrush to brush my teeth" c. "I should take my med on an empty stomach" d. "I may get a sore throat when taking this med"
b. "I will use a soft bristled toothbrush to brush my teeth"
A 6yo child w/ asthma is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid. The nurse would conclude the mother understands teaching about the med side effects when the mother makes which statement? a. "i'll watch for frequent urination" b. "I'll check for white patches in the mouth" c. "I'll be alert for short episodes of not breathing" d. "I'll monitor for an increased bg level "
b. "I'll check for white patches in the mouth"
The nurse provides discharge teaching about ampicillin that is prescribed for a client. The nurse evaluates that the teaching is effective when the client makes which statement? a. "i will miss eating grapefruit" b. "i must increase my fluid intake" c. "i can stop taking this med any time" d. "i should take this med just after eating"
b. "i must increase my fluid intake"
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6yo child with ADHD about the administration of methylphenidate. Which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of when they should administer the med? a. at bedtime b. after breakfast c. when the child gets hungry d. when behavior is out of control
b. after breakfast
A client develops tinnitus. Which of the client's meds would the nurse suspect is the cause of this new development? a. digoxin 0.25mg, one tablet daily b. aspirin 325mg, two tablets every 4 hours c. captopril 25mg, one tablet three times daily d. diphenhydramine 25mg, one tablet every 4-8 hours
b. aspirin 325mg, two tablets every 4 hours
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed w/ a hemorrhagic stroke. Which med should the nurse question administering? a. dexamethasone b. clopidogrel c. mannitol d. nicardipine
b. clopidogrel
The nurse is evaluating the results of treatment w/ erythropoietin. Which assessment finding indicates an improvement in the underlying condition being treated? a. 2+ pedal pulses b. decreased pallor c. decreased jaundice d. 2+ deep tendon reflexes
b. decreased pallor
Which goal is the PRIORITY for a client w/ asthma who has a prescription for an inhaled bronchodilator? a. is able to obtain pulse oximeter readings b. demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler c. knows the hcp's office hours d. can identify triggers that may cause wheezing
b. demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler
The nurse administers erythropoietin three times a week to a client receiving chemotherapy for cancer. Which client response demonstrates a therapeutic effect? a. increase in band cells b. elevated hematocrit c. normalization of platelets d. increase in the WBC count
b. elevated hematocrit
For the client taking clopidogrel, the nurse will monitor for which adverse effect? a. nausea b. epistaxis c. chest pain d. elevated temperature
b. epistaxis
Which meds would the nurse identify as commonly used as an adjunct during conscious sedation for minor surgeries? a. diazepam b. midazolam c. lorazepam d. clonazepam
b. midazolam
the hcp prescribes isosorbide dinitrate 10 mg for a client w/ chronic angina pectoris. The client asks the nurse why the isosorbide dinitrate is prescribed. How will the nurse respond? a. "it prevents excessive blood clotting" b. "it suppresses irritability in the ventricles" c. "it decreases cardiac oxygen demand" d. "the inotropic action increases the force of contraction of the heart"
c. "it decreases cardiac oxygen demand"
Neomycin is prescribed preoperatively for a client w/ colon cancer. The client asks why this is necessary. Which response would the nurse provide? a. "it kills cancer cells that may be missed during surgery" b. "this med is helpful in decreasing the inflammatory response associated w/ surgical procedures" c. "it kills intestinal bacteria to decrease the risk for infection" d. "this med alters the body flora to prevent the occurrence of superinfections"
c. "it kills intestinal bacteria to decrease the risk for infection"
A client w/ COPD prepares to take a med that is delivered via a nebulizer. Which instruction would the nurse provide when teaching about use of the nebulizer? a. "hold your breath, spray the med into your mouth, then inhale deeply" b. "depress the canister as you inhale deeply, then hold your breath for at least 10 sec" c. "seal your lips around the mouthpiece and breathe in and out, taking slow, deep breaths" d. "Inhale the med from the nebulizer, remove the mouthpiece to exhale and then repeat"
c. "seal your lips around the mouthpiece and breathe in and out, taking slow, deep breaths"
Which instruction would the nurse give to clients prescribed psychotropic medications who are experiencing anticholinergic-like side effects? a. "restrict fluid intake" b. "eat a diet high in carbohydrates" c. "suck on sugar-free hard candies" d. "avoid products that contain aspirin"
c. "suck on sugar-free hard candies"
A client has T2D controlled w/ oral antidiabetic meds. When admitted for elective surgery, the hcp prescribes regular insulin. Which information would the nurse include when teaching the client about the addition of insulin? a. "you will need a higher serum glucose level while on bed rest" b. "the stress of surgery may cause hypoglycemia" c. "with insulin, dosage can be adjusted to your changing needs during recovery from surgery" d. "the possibility of surgical complications is greater when a client takes oral hypoglycemics"
c. "with insulin, dosage can be adjusted to your changing needs during recovery from surgery"
A client is prescribed a MAOI (monoamine oxidase inhibitor). Which foods would the client to avoid when taking this med? SATA a. fresh fruit b. citrus fruits c. aged cheese d. ripe avocados e. delicatessen meats
c. aged cheese d. ripe avocados e. delicatessen meats
The nurse administers 2 units of salt-poor albumin to a client w/ portal HTN and ascites. Which information would the nurse share w/ the client regarding the purpose of the albumin? a. it provides nutrients b. it increases protein stores c. albumin pulls fluid into the circulation d. albumin diverts blood flow away from the liver
c. albumin pulls fluid into the circulation
A child w/ juvenile idiopathic arthritis is prescribed NSAID therapy at home. Which important toxic effect of NSAIDs would the nurse include in discharge instructions to the child and family? a. diarrhea b. hypothermia c. blood in the urine d. increased irritability
c. blood in the urine
Which outcome does allopurinol produce to prevent acute gouty attacks? a. promotes uric acid excretion b. decreases synovial swelling c. decreases uric acid production d. prevents crystallization of uric acid
c. decreases uric acid production
After administering epinephrine to a client experiencing an anaphylactic reaction, which second-line medications would the nurse prepare to administer? SATA a. dopamine b. norepinephrine c. dexamethasone d. diphenhydramine hydrochloride e. hydrocortisone sodium succinate
c. dexamethasone d. diphenhydramine hydrochloride e. hydrocortisone sodium succinate
A hcp prescribes mannitol for a client w/ a head injury. Which moa is responsible for therapeutic effects of this med? a. decreasing the production of CS fluid b. limiting the metabolic requirements of the brain c. drawing fluid from brain cells into the bloodstream d. preventing uncontrolled electrical discharges in the brain
c. drawing fluid from brain cells into the bloodstream
Why would lactulose be prescribed for a client with a history of cirrhosis of the liver? a. the desire to drink alcohol is decreased b. diarrhea is controlled and prevented c. elevated ammonia levels are lowered d. abdominal distention secondary to ascites is decreased
c. elevated ammonia levels are lowered
Which GI factor affects med absorption and places infants at risk? SATA a. blood flow b. intrinsic factor c. gastric acidity d. emptying time e. nutritional status
c. gastric acidity d. emptying time
A client who receives morphine by pt-controlled analgesia has a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min. Which intervention is needed? a. naso-tracheal suction b. mechanical ventilation c. naloxone administration d. cardiopulmonary resuscitation
c. naloxone administration
Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is to be administered to a client in the emergency department. Before beginning the infusion, which assessment is the nurse's PRIORITY? a. vital signs b. ECG monitoring c. signs of bleeding d. level of chest pain
c. signs of bleeding
A client has had a recent brain attack (cerebrovascular accident/stroke). Which preventative would the nurse anticipate will be prescribed daily to avoid straining due to constipation? a. stimulant laxatives such as bisacodyl b. tap-water enemas c. stool softener d. saline laxatives such as magnesium citrate
c. stool softener
Which advice would the nurse include in a teaching plan to reduce the side effects of diltiazem? a. lie down after meals b. avoid dairy products in diet c. take the med w/ an antacid d. change slowly from sitting to standing
d. change slowly from sitting to standing
The elderly client diagnosed w/ Parkinson's Disease has been prescribed carbidopa/levodopa. Which data indicates the med has been effective? a. the client eats 40% of meals w/in one hour b. the client has cogwheel motion when swinging the arms c. the client is able to walk straight w/o stumbling d. the client does not display emotions when discussing the illness
c. the client is able to walk straight w/o stumbling
The nurse is discharging a client diagnosed with COPD. Which discharge instructions should provide regarding the client's prescription for prednisone? a. take the prednisone on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water b. stop taking the prednisone if a noticeable weight gain occurs c. the med should never be abruptly discontinued d. take all the prednisone as ordered until the med is gone
c. the med should never be abruptly discontinued
A client is to receive conscious sedation during a cardiac catheterization. Which route of administration will be used to deliver the med? a. via a face mask b. into the epidural space c. through an IV catheter d. around the nerves innervating the chest wall
c. through the IV catheter
A client w/ T2D takes one glyburide tablet daily. The client asks whether an extra tablet should be taken before exercise. Which response will the nurse provide? a. "you will need to decrease how much you are exercising" b. "an extra pill will help your body use glucose when exercising" c. "the amount of med you need to take is not related to exercising" d. "do not take an extra pill bc you may become hypoglycemic when exercising"
d. "do not take an extra pill bc you may become hypoglycemic when exercising"
A 3yo child is prescribed a liquid iron preparation. The nurse would include which which intervention when teaching he parent about the administration of this med? a. "monitor the stools for diarrhea" b. "administer w/ meals to improve absorption" c. "avoid giving the child orange juice w/ the iron preparation" d. "have the child drink the diluted iron preparation through a straw"
d. "have the child drink the diluted iron preparation through a straw"
The nurse teaches the parents of a child prescribed long-term phenytoin therapy about care. Which statement indicates the teaching has been effective? a. "we give the med between meals" b. "we'll call the clinic if her urine turns pink" c. "she's eating high-calorie foods, and we encourage fluids, too" d. "we'll have her massage her gums and floss her teeth frequently"
d. "we'll have her massage her gums and floss her teeth frequently"
Allopurinol is prescribed for a child undergoing chemotherapy for cancer of the bone. When given the mediation, the child asks, "Why do I have to take this pill?" Which response by the nurse is MOST appropriate? a. "it protects your body from getting new problems after your treatment is over" b. "it stops your sick white cells from going to other parts of your body" c. "the hcp wouldn't prescribe anything for you unless it was important" d. "with the other medicines, it helps you get rid of the things that are making you sick"
d. "with the other medicines, it helps you get rid of the things that are making you sick"
Carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client w/ Parkinson's disease. Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching the client about this med? a. "take this med between meals" b. "blood levels of the medication should be monitored weekly" c. "it can cause happy feelings followed by feelings of depression" d. "you may experience dizziness when moving from sitting to standing"
d. "you may experience dizziness when moving from sitting to standing"
A breast-feeding mother asks the nurse if the use of herbal medicines will increase breast milk supply. Which nursing response is MOST appropriate? a. "it may be safe if taken w/ lots of water" b. "it does not effectively increase breast milk supply" c. "it may cause iron deficiency anemia in the infant" d. "you should speak to your hcp about this"
d. "you should speak to your hcp about this"
A client taking multiple meds for HTN develops a persistent, hacking cough. Which antihypertensive med class would the nurse identify as the likely cause of the cough? a. thiazide diuretics b. calcium channel blockers c. direct renin inhibitors d. ACE inhibitors
d. ACE inhibitors
A client who is immunosuppressed is receiving filgrastim. When monitoring effectiveness, the nurse will check for an increase in which blood component? a. platelets b. erythrocytes c. lymphocytes d. WBC
d. WBC
Which med is safest to take for pain in the week before a surgical procedure? a. naproxen b. aspirin c. ketorolac d. acetaminophen
d. acetaminophen
A client who has a-fib w/ rapid ventricular response is started on a continuous heparin infusion. Which clinical finding enables the nurse to conclude that the heparin therapy is effective? a. a-fib converts to a sinus rhythm b. the heart rate is stabilized at 70 to 90 beats/min c. the INR is within normal range d. an aPTT is twice the usual value
d. an aPTT is twice the usual value
A client was prescribed furosemide. The nurse would instruct the client to include which food in the diet? a. liver b. apples c. cabbage d. bananas
d. bananas
Which instructions will the nurse give a client for whom nitroglycerin tablets are prescribed? a. limit the number of tablets to four per day b. discontinue the med if a headache develops c. increase the number of tablets if dizziness is experienced d. ensure that the med is stored in its original dark container
d. ensure that the med is stored in its original dark container
A client who receives NPH insulin every morning reports feeling nervous at 4:30 PM. The nurse observes that the client's skin is moist and cool. Which condition is the client likely experiencing? a. hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic state b. ketoacidosis c. glycogenesis d. hypoglycemia
d. hypoglycemia
Which effect would the nurse assess a teenager for if more than the recommended dose of oxymetazoline nasal spray is taken? a. nasal polyps b. ringing in the ears c. bleeding tendencies d. increased nasal congestion
d. increased nasal congestion
A client is scheduled to have a thyroidectomy. Which med is indicated for decreasing the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland before surgery? a. vasopressin b. levothyroxine c. propylthiouracil d. potassium iodide
d. potassium iodide
Which effect explains the purpose for gradual dosage reduction of glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone? a. builds glycogen stores in the muscles b. produces antibodies by the immune system c. allows the increased intracranial pressure to return to normal d. promotes return of cortisone production by the adrenal glands
d. promotes return of cortisone production by the adrenal glands
Which outcome would the nurse expect when caring for a child receiving adrenocorticosteroid therapy? a. accelerated wound healing b. development of hyperkalemia c. increased antibody production d. suppressed inflammatory process
d. suppressed inflammatory process
