Pharmacology

Ethambutol

A client in the initial phase of tuberculosis treatment develops a decrease in visual acuity and changes in color perception. Which drug me because in this reaction

Increased serum level of both drugs

A client is on an anti-retroviral drug is also taking clarithromycin. Which of the following are the effects of the intro retroviral therapy when it is combined with clarithromycin

6 mg

A client is prescribed isoniazid syrup 300 mg. The isoniazid is available as 50 mg/mL. The nurse should administer

Fever and chills

A client is receiving amphotoericin B for a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following would most likely indicate to the nurse the client has Experiencing an adverse reaction to amphotoercin B

Encourage the client to verbalize feelings

A client presents with a toenail fungal infection. She is planning a wedding and wishes to wear open toed shoes. It has been explained to her that the reaction to the treatment is slow. As a result, the client is anxious and upset. What is the best intervention that the nurse can do to help reduce The anxiety of the client undergoing antifungal treatment

Explain that this is an anticipated adverse reaction

A client reports orange stains on paper tissues when she urinates. Which the following interventions should the nurse do first

Headache, dizziness, and drowsiness

A client undergoing treatment with ketoconazole is soon to be discharged. What reactions for the ketoconazole drug should the nurse instruct the client to expect

Towels should be kept separate from those of other family members

A client was admitted to an acute care facility for severe diarrhea due to a giardia infection. As part of the discharge teaching the nurse needs to instruct the client how to prevent spread of that affection. Which is the most important instruction that the nurse should include in the clients teaching plan

Inspected areas with lesions

A client with HSV-1 has been prescribed anti-retroviral therapy. Before beginning the treatment, which of the following assessments is most appropriate considering the clients infection

Jaundiced skin

A client with TB is ministered pyrazinamide as prescribed. The nurse Karen for the client suspects that the client is developing signs of hepatotoxicity as an adverse reaction of pyrazinamide. Which of the following manifestations of an hepatotoxic reaction should the nurse look for the client

Stinging

A client with a fungal infection is seen at the health care clinic. The primary healthcare provider prescribes topical administration of an antifungal drug. What kinds of reaction should the nurse teach the client to monitor for

Decreases gastric upset and promotes Nutrition

A nurse has been caring for a client with active TB in an acute care facility. To promote adherence, an alternative dosing regimen of twice weekly is recommended. How can this modification of schedule help the client adhere to long-term therapy

•liver • spleen •brain •kidneys

A nurse is assigned to care for client with extra pulmonary tuberculosis in a long-term facility. Which of the following organs are frequently affected by extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Select all that apply

• client is younger than 13 years of age • client has cataracts • client has hypersensitivity to drug

A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with active TB, the drug ethambutol is to be administered. As the nurse reviews the client history which of the following conditions would contraindicated The use of ethambutol in this client? Select all that apply

Reddish orange color of bodily fluids

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking rifampin. Which of the following adverse reaction should the nurse monitor for in the client

• ensure the clients diet includes sought, non-irritating foods • keep the atmosphere clean and free of odor's •Provide good oral care before and after meals

A nurse is caring for a client who is on antiretroviral therapy for HIV. The client has developed anorexia and nausea due to the different drugs. Which of the following intervention should the nurse perform in the given situation

Minimize alcohol consumption

A nurse is caring for a client with TB on an outpatient basis who has been prescribed anti-tubercular drugs. Which of the following is an important teaching point for the nurse to emphasize to prevent the risk of hepatitis and the client with TB

Carefully measure and record the fluid intake and output

A nurse is planning an overseas mission where she will be required to care for acutely ill patients with malaria. Which of the following interventions are nurses expected to perform

Avoid generating and inhaling dust

A nurse is required to prepare and minister didanosine Powder to a client with HIV. Which of the following points should the nurse keep in mind while mixing and administering the drug

225 mL

A primary care provider has prescribed 5400mg if foscavin Per day to be administered intravenously. The strength of the drug in the available solution is 24 mg/mL. How many milliliters of solution in the syringe pump will the pharmacist have prepared for the nurse to administer one 5400 mg dose

fungus

A single celled Colorless plant

Use Chlorine bleach to disinfect toilet facilities or shower stall after bathing

A woman has been prescribed pyrantel for roundworms after getting the infection from her child. Which of the following should the nurse tell the client when educating her about taking an anthelmintic drug

• x-ray studies • sputum analysis • physical examinations

Active tuberculosis may be difficult to diagnose and clients Infected with HIV because of their immune system deficiency. Which of the following can be used to determine if a client with HIV and a negative skin test has TB

Body fat redistribution

Administration of antiretrovirals can result in

Ritonavir

Also called Norvir, is contraindicated if the client is taking bupropion (Wellbutrin), zolpidem (ambien), or an antiarrhythmic drug

Tea tree

An herbal microbial

Parasite

An organism that lives in or on another organism

imipenem/cilastatin

Anti-infective agent

Pyrantel

Antiminth

Antibiotics

Are not effective against viral infections

Brad, a 26-year-old license practical nurse

As a nurse on a pediatric unit, you are making the same it to care for an infant receive an aerosol ribavirin for RSV. Which of the following nurses should be assigned to care for this patient

Hydroxychloroquine

Besides malaria used to treat auto immune disorders

•vomiting •chills & shaking •fever

Client has been prescribed intravenous administration of amphotericin B to cure a fungal infection. What adverse reaction's should a nurse monitor for in the client? Select all that apply

1. Infected mosquito inject the parasite into the host, and it migrates to the liver 2. In the liver, the parasite invades red blood cells 3. RBC's rupture, spreading the parasite throughout the body 4. Mosquito pics of the parasite from the infected host

Correct sequence for the life cycle of malaria

Human immunodeficiency virus

Destroys the immune system

antiretroviral

Drugs are used in the treatment of HIV and AIDS

Antifungal's

Eliminate or manage

Clients with myasthenia gravis

For which of the following client populations is the antimalarial drug quinine contraindicated

Micafungin sodium

Fungal prevention in stem cell transplantation

amphiterisim B

Fungizone

Probenecid

Gout treatment

Alcohol

Greater hepatitis risk

Mycobacterium leprae

Hansen's disease (leprosy) Is caused by which of the following bacteria

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HARRT)Is used to treat which of the following infections

1. Human immunodeficiency virus is an example of retrovirus 2. Retroviruses contain a enzyme called reverse transcriptase 3. RNA is the primary component of the retrovirus instead of DNA

How are retroviruses different from viruses

Viral content reprograms the cell to reproduce virus

How do I virus and a retrovirus differ

Inhalation Of infected droplets

How is tuberculosis transmitted from person to person

1. wash all bedding in the home 2. Provide separate towels for bathing 3. Wash hands after using the bathroom are changing diapers

Identify the household precautions to prevent spread of parasitic infections. Select all that apply

lungs

In nurses required to assess the client for symptoms of a systematic mycotic infection. In which body part is systematic mycotic infection most likely to be found

When client is given drugs intravenously

In which of the following cases should the nurse monitor for phlebitis in a client

History of bladder stone formation

In which of the following clients populations should the nurse exercise caution in monitor for exacerbation of problems while Karen for clients who are taking Indinavir

Anticoagulant

Increases risk for bleeding

Phenytoin

Increases serum level of secondary drug

Hepatitis C

Inflammation of the liver

Paromomycin

Is an aminoglycoside with amebicidal activity and is used to treat intestinal amebiasis

Tuberculosis

Is infectious disease caused by myobacterium tuberculosis bacterium

Terbinafine

Lamisil

Herpes zoster virus

Lies dormant in the Nervous system

200

More than how many viruses have been identified as capable of producing disease

Cimetidine

Mr. Park is to begin acyclovir treatment for his outbreak of shingles. Is the nurse initiating care for him, your check the medication administration record (MAR) to see if he is taking which drug for potential interactions

Ethambutol

Myambutol

Rifabutin

Mycobutin

Fungi

Mycotic infections are caused by

Vancomycin

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity maybe seen within ministration of

Clients with hepatic or renal impairment

New nurse is assigned to the TV clinic and is learning about drugs new to her. The nurse knows that under the following conditions is the use of rifampin contraindicated

Severe hepatitis

Nurse will be following a client being treated prophylactically for TB with isoniazid (INH). The treatment last for many months and ongoing assessment reveals that the client drinks alcohol frequently. The nurse should monitor specifically for which of the following adverse reaction's in the client

• discard and replace a solution every 24 hours • The drug can worsen respiratory status • The drug should be ministered with a small particle aerosol generator

Nurses to administer ribavirin To a client with RSV. Which of the following. Should the nurse keep in mind well administering the drug select all that apply

4 tablets

Oral rifampin 600 mg is prescribed. The drug is available in 159 mg tablets. The nurse should administer

Ibuprofen

Pain relief

Immuno deficiency

People with human what virus are at risk for TB because of their compromised immune system

Chloroquine

Prevention of malaria

Darunavir

Prezista

Rifapentine

Priftin

Primary drugs

Provide the foundation for treatment. Also used to prevent the spreading of TV. What classification of anti-tubercular drugs

2 Capsules

Pyrantel 360 mg is prescribed. The drug is available in 180 mg capsules. The nurse teaches the caregiver to administer

Antacid

Reduces absorption of isoniazid

Cimetidine

Relief of gastric upset, heartburn

Opioids Analgesics

Relieve pain

Respiratory syncytial virus

Respiratory infection primarily in children

Rifampin

Rifadin

Prophylactically

Since many people travel worldwide, many travelers are treated for what to prevent paracytic infection

Cidal

Suffix meaning deadly to fungi

Static

Suffix meaning retards growth of fungi

Oseltamivir

Tamiflu

Cinchonism

Term for quinidine toxicity

Interferes with the lifecycle of the protozoa causing the malaria

The client asks how antimalarial drugs prevent or treat malaria. The nurse correctly respond this is a group of drugs

2 tablets

The client is prescribed amantadine 200 mg. The drug is available in 100mg. The nurse administers

4 tablets

The dose for pyrazinamide is 25 mg/kg day. If the client weighs 80 kg, how many tablets will be dispensed as part of the DOT, if the tablets are 500 mg each?

Rigors

The fever and chills associated with administering amphotericin B by IV infusion

2

The initial phase of standard TB treatment is for the administration of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for a minimum of how many months

Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

The most common sexually transmitted infection

At least three antitubercular drugs

The nurse explains to the client that to prevent multi drug resistant to the antitubercular drugs, the primary healthcare provider may prescribe

Tablets are crushed and mix thoroughly with 1 ounce of water

The nurse is administering didanosine properly when

History of heart failure

The nurse is documenting the history of a client who is to be started on intraconazole therapy. In which of the conditions is intraconazole contraindicated

Rash

The nurse is teaching preschool mothers about pyrantel treatment for pinworm infection. Which adverse reaction to the mothers report immediately to the primary healthcare provider

Peripheral neuropathy

The nurse monitors the client taking isoniazid for toxic symptoms. The most common symptom of toxicity is

10mL

The nurses to administer 100 mg of zidovudine orally. The drug is available as syrup 50mg/5mL. The nurse administers

2 tablets

The primary care provider has prescribed fluconazole 200 mg orally initially, followed by 100 mg orally daily. On hand are flucanazole 100 mg tablets. What should the nurse administer as initial dose

4 caps

The primary healthcare provider has prescribed 800 mg of acyclovir per dose. The drug is available in 200 mg capsules. How many capsules should the nurse administer to the client per dose

10mL

The primary healthcare providers has prescribed 100 mg of amantadine twice daily for a client with Parkinson's disease. The drug is available as a syrup with the concentration of 50mg/5mL. How many milliliters of the amantadine syrup should the nurse administer

Living cell

To reproduce the virus needs the cellular material of another

Nitazoxanide

Treat Gardia diarrhea

Clarithromycin

Treat bacterial infection

Sidenafil

Treat erectile dysfunction

Terbinafine

Treat nail bed fungal infections

Griseofulvin

Treat ringworm infections

Ketoconazole

Treat systematic fungal infections

Miconazole

Treat vaginal infections

• liver •lungs • kidneys • spleen •Uterus

Tuberculosis can affect which of the following organs

Secondary drugs

Use for multi drug resistant TB. More costly and toxic than primary drugs. Used to treat extra pulmonary TB

Albendazole

Used to kill tapeworms

Valacyclovir

Valtrex

Doxycycline

Vibramycin

Extra pulmonary

What TB is the term used to do extinguish TB affecting other body organs from infection with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus and the infection remain in the lungs

Ensure that the IV solution is protected from light

What care should the nurse take when administering an IV solution of amphotericin B

Renal

What damage is the most serious adverse reaction to the use of amphotericin B

Systemic

What fungi infections are serious infections that occur when fungi gain entrance into the interior of the body

Superficial

What mycotic infections occur on the surface of or just below the skin or nails

Adverse reaction's are usually mild when recommended doses are used

When discussing the adverse reaction's of an anthelmintic, the nurse correctly states that

Related to the G.I. tract

When giving one of the topical antifungal's, the nurse assesses the client for the most common adverse reaction's, which are

Tyramine

When isoniazid is taken with foods containing what, and exaggerated sympathetic type response can occur

Reclining position

When preparing a client for pentamidine, the correct position is

• drowsiness, dizziness • nausea, vomiting •Abdominal pain, cramps

Which of the following adverse reaction's are associated with anthelmintic drugs? Select all that apply

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

Which of the following adverse reaction's is associated with paromomycin

Pyrazinamide

Which of the following anti-tubercular drugs is contraindicated in clients with gout

1. Common cold 2. Wart 3. Influenza 4. Hepatitis C

Which of the following are caused by viruses

• three active cases of tuberculosis •prophylaxis to prevent the spread of tuberculosis • render the client noninfectious to others •Treat dormant cases of tuberculosis

Which of the following are true of anti-tubercular drugs

The nurse observes the clients swallow the TB drugs

Which of the following best describes DOT in the care of TB clients

•oral anticoagulants •Digixin • oral contraceptives

Which of the following drug should be monitored for interactions when the client is taking rifampin? Select all that apply

• those who living in crowded conditions • people with HIV • clients with severe COPD

Which of the following individuals are especially susceptible to Tuberculosis

optic neuritis

Which of the following is a dose-related adverse reaction to ethambutol

1. Insect bite 2. Needle stick 3. Inhalation 4. Ingestion

Which of the following represents a row of entry for viruses into the body

Reproduction occurs by invading a host cell

Which of the following statements about a virus is true

Any worsening of the respiratory status

Which of the following with the nurse report immediately in a three-month-old client receiving ribavirin

Nausea and vomiting

Which the following adverse reaction's would the nurse expect in a client receiving acyclovir By the oral route

Isoniazid

Which the following drugs is the only anti tubercular drug to be Prescribed alone

Renal functions test

Which the following laboratory test with the nurse monitor in clients receiving flucytosine?

Take the drug with meals or a immediately afterwards

Which the following pieces of information should a nurse give to a client who has been prescribed metronidazole

Follow hospital procedure for transporting stool to the laboratory

While in a pediatric acute care facility, it is discovered that a client may have a pinworm infection. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform

1. Viruses are tiny 2. Viruses can develop resistance to antiviral drugs 3. Viruses replicate inside human cells

Why are viruses so difficult to treat even with the use of anti-viral medication

thrush

Yeast infection of the mouth

Acyclovir

Zovirax