PHI 2604 final review
Which of these best describes the purpose of the book's discussion of ethics and religion?
To convince the reader to question everything about morality.
No thinking to deeply or to systematically about critical ethics.
Undermines your personal freedom
Which of these belongs to mateaethics.
What does it means for an action to be right?
An argument in the logical sense is a:
a group of statements, one of which is supposed to be supported by the rest
Name the form of the following argument: if the dog barks, something must be wrong . therefore, the dog will bark
affirming the consequences
Subjective Relativism is the doctrine that
an action is morally right if one approves of it
A statement is
assertion that something is or is not the case
Cognitivism is the view that moral statements
can be true or false
A strong inductive argument with true premises is said to be
cogent
In the argument "(1) Premarital sex is morally permissible because (2) it makes people happy", statement 1 is the
conclusion, premise
Which statement best summarizes why, according to the author, cultural relativism is nearly impossible to use?
each of us belongs to multiple societies or social groups, but cultural relativism does not specify which society or group we should use in evaluating actions.
Name the form of the following argument:if p, then q. if q, then r. therefore, if p, then r.
hypothetical syllogism
Name the form of the following argument: if p, them q.p therefore, q.
modus ponens
Noncognitivism is the view that
moral judgments are not statements that can be true or false
Both objectivists and cultural relativists agree that:
moral judgments differ from culture to culture
According to the main argument for cultural relativism, if culture X and culture Y disagree about the morality of physician-assisted suicide, this shows that
no view can objectively correct
A statement asserting that a states of affairs is actual true or false without assigning a moral value to it is
non-moral statement
According to emotivism, to offer reasons for a moral judgment is to:
provide statements that can influence someone's attitudes.
valid deductive argument with true premises is said to be
sound
deductive arguments are
supposed to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions
objectivist agree that the diversity of moral judgment across cultures does not necessarily indicate that there is disagreement about moral belief, but instead may indicate that
there are divergent non-moral belief.
Emotivist can admit that the serial killer Ted Bunded killed more than women but they can not say that this event
were,for a fact
what is the implicit premise in the following moral argument? same sex marriage is contrary to tradition. therefore it should never be allowed"
whatever is the contrary to tradition should not be allowed.
For a cultural relativist, when two people in the same culture disagree on a moral issue, what they are really disagreeing about is
whether their society endorses a particular view.
Objectivism is the view that:
some moral principles are valid for everyone
inductive argument are
supposed to offer probable support to its conclusion
for the emotivist, which of these best display the meaning of the moral utterance "lying is wrong" ?
"Lying - I hate it!"
the Utterance abortion is morally permissible" is
A moral statement
A moral statement is a
A statement affirming that an action is right or wrong or that a person (or one's motive or character) is good or bad
Applied ethics is the
Application of moral normas to specific moral issues or cases.
Which field concerns questions such as "was this abortion permisible?" Or "was this instance of mercy killing inmoral?"
Applied ethics
Why does Leibniz, the great philosopher, reject the dive theory?
Because it implies that God is unworthy of worship
Maryam says, "Abortion is always wrong." while Fatima says, "sometimes abortion is not wrong." which statement best summarizes how emotivist view this kind of disagreement?
Both are expressing different attitude, but neither of them say something that could be true or false.
Suppose that your culture endorses the view that all wars are wrong. It follows from cultural relativism that your culture
Can not be mistaken about the morality of war.
cultural relativism implies that the abolition of slavery in the United States
Can not be regarded as moral progress.
Cultural relativism may believe their theory promotes tolerant of others cultures. However the author argues against this. Which statement best summarized his argument?
Cultural relativist can not constantly say that tolerance is objectively good.
Which field or topic would include task such as as accurately describing the moral codes and ethical standards of colonial Americans.
Descriptive ethics
Which of the following is the overall point of the author's discussion of "doing ethics"
Doing ethics is difficult but no doing it is foolish
what does cultural relativism implies about the civil right leader and social reformer Martin Luther King Jr.. Considered as part of 1950s-1960s United States culture?
He was wrong about his moral reform
which feature of emotivism makes it different from subjective relativism?
In emotivism, we are not able to have disagreements in our moral belief.
Subjective relativism implies that each person states the moral beliefs that person is
Incapable of being in error
Which statement is a consequences of objectivity
Moral rules applies in all cases, without exception
Suppose a culture approves of beheading a young man for merely holding hands with a woman. According culture relativism the beheading is
Morally justify
What is a major difference between descriptive ethics and normative ethics?
Normative ethics implies that some people's moral beliefs are incorrect, whereas descriptive ethics does not.
Subjective Relativism implies that when Sofia says "I think abortion is wrong" and Emma replies "I think abortion is permissible. Sofia and Emma are
Not having a moral disagreement
Supposed I think that I sometimes makes mistakes of moral matters, and so does my culture. Acknowledging this, I say. "My moral beliefs are sometimes wrong and sometimes my cultures moral principles are wrong as well (on which view could my statement be true
Objectivism
the phrases "because", "given that." "due to the fact that." and for the reason that" are
Premise indactors
In an argument, the supporting statement are known as ________: the statement being supported is known as the
Premise, conclusion
What does normative ethics study
Principles, rules, or theories that guide our action and judgment.
Morality refers to beliefs about
Right and wrong, good and bad.
Our commonsense moral experiences suggest that
Some things are morally good and something are morally bad.
Believing that you can Standish all your moral beliefs by consulting your feelings is an example of.
Subjectivism
Central to emotivism is the view that moral judgments are not statement that can be true or false. what does emotivism add to this view?
That moral judgement express attitudes and influence others to share those attitudes.