Phil 1320 Exam 2
Augustine, Confessions
"my god my god my soul finds rest in thee" god is perfect because our restless hearts can find rest in him
Dante, Divine Comedy (hell)
Punishments for the sin is the maximization of the sin God loves us enough to give us the maximum of what you want as evidenced by the way you lived
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Immortality of the soul) intellectual principle
When you die the intellectual principle of you will persist, only humans have intellectual principles, so no dogs in heaven :(
Augustine, Confessions
believes that faith and reason each have things that individually they can explain, but there is some overlap
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) aristotles view of the creation
believes the material world is uncreated, it just continues in all directions There is one soul for all men God is not relational
Augustine, Confessions
faith and reason have the same source so if there is conflict then.. 1. reason is wrong 2. faith is wrongly interpreted 3. faith is false
Romans: Marcu Aurelius, Meditations (stoicism)
stoics say that freedom isn't found by fulfilling your desires, its by removing them
Romans: Marcu Aurelius, Meditations (stoicism)
stoics say the purpose of life is finding lasting contentment of mind
Christianity: Matthew, I Corinthians
the beatitudes are internalizations of the law - obedience to the law is not enough jesus demands us to be pure in heart
Christianity: Matthew, I Corinthians
the beatitudes present the christian ideals. they are literally proclaimed for a mountaintop
Dante, Divine Comedy (hell)
three heads: cassius, judus, and brutus (three most famous betrayers) the gravest sin is betrayal, which contrasts love
Romans: Marcu Aurelius, Meditations (stoicism)
to achieve tranquility you must master your passions. you do this by reminding yourself of the bigger picture and your individual insignificance
Augustine, Confessions
truths known by faith alone: trinity, christ's atonement
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Immortality of the soul) immortality argument
1. Everything naturally desires to exist after its own manner 2.The manner of the the intellect is timeless 3.Therefore the intellect will naturally desire to exist always (follows 1 and 2) 4.A natural desire cannot be in vain 5. Every intellectual substance is incorruptible
Christianity: Matthew, I Corinthians
3 cardinal theological virtues: faith, hope and love love is the greatest, everything else hinges on it
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) argument of design
All things act in intelligible ways Unintelligent things cannot act intelligently without direction There is something which designed the word so intelligence things could behave in intelligent ways
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) arugment for efficient cause
Everything in the world has a cause Nothing can be self caused There cannot be an infinite regress of causes There must be a first uncaused cause
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) argument for contingency
Everything in the world is contingent (it exists or not) If things can not exist, there is a time when they didn't exist If everything in the world didn't exist, there would have been a time when nothing existed If nothing was ever made then there would be nothing now
Augustine, Confessions mutual enrichment
Faith can purify reason by preventing it from becoming impersonal and inhuman Reason can purify faith, correcting misinterpretations and enhancing understanding while restraining religious "irrationality"
Dante, Divine Comedy (hell)
Lucifer freezes himself into place in hell Lucifer has 3 heads - a disfiguration of the trinity Evil cannot create, only disfigure
Job
Problem of evil: all three cannot be affirmed 1. god is good 2. god is all-powerful 3. there is evil
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) scholastic method
Starts with Objections: asks questions Uses the phrase "on the contrary" - references an authority Makes argument Replies to objections
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) grades of being
There is gradation found in all things Degrees require a reference to a "maximal" case Maximum in every genus is the cause of all others things in that genus The maximum good is god
Aquinas, Summa Theologica (Arguments for Gods Existence) argument for motion
There is motion in the world Anything in motion must be put in motion by something else
Augustine, Confessions
Truth known by faith and reason: existence of God, immortality of human soul, moral law (we shouldn't lie, steal, etc.)
Augustine, Confessions
Truths know by reason alone: natural science
Christianity: Matthew, I Corinthians
agape = charity (love for loves sake)
Augustine, Confessions conversion
an existential need: it provides rest and peace
Romans: Marcu Aurelius, Meditations (stoicism)
how to let go of anger: Recognize the anger is rarely useful Anger makes you a slave, the moment you realize you are angry, you are under its power Know what triggers are and avoid them Use art and music to calm. Count to 50, just pause and wait Resist curiosity - do you really want to know what someone said about you?
Genesis -Creation
humans are unique and have dignity because they are made in the image and likeness of god
Augustine, Confessions traits of god
immutable - cannot change eternal - not in time at all transcendent - he is beyond the universe