Photoshop Final

Once you've made a selection, what area of the image can be edited?

Only the area within an active selection can be edited.

How do you clean a brush?

To clean a brush, choose Clean Brush from the pop-up menu in the options bar.

What is a clipping mask, and how do you make one from type?

A clipping mask is an object or group whose shape masks other artwork so that only areas that lie within the shape are visible. To use a text layer as a clipping mask, make sure the layer you want to reveal is directly above the text layer, select the layer you want to show through the letters, and apply the Create Clipping Mask command from the Layers panel menu (or from the Layer menu or from the layer's context menu).

What are keyframes, and how do you use them to create an animation?

A keyframe marks the point in time where you specify a value, such as a position, size, or style. To create a change over time, you must have at least two keyframes: one for the state at the beginning of the change and one for the state at the end. To create an initial keyframe, click the stopwatch icon next to the attribute you want to animate for the layer. Photoshop creates additional keyframes each time you change the values of that attribute.

When you create a new layer, where does it appear in the Layers panel stack?

A new layer always appears immediately above the active layer. If no layers are active, a new layer appears at the top of the layer list.

How do channels differ from layers?

Alpha channels are storage areas for saved selections. All layers set to be visible will be present in printed or exported output. But only the color channels are visible in printed or exported output; alpha channels are not. Layers contain information about image content, while alpha channels contain information about selections and masks.

When you save a selection as an alpha channel, where is the alpha channel stored?

Alpha channels are stored in the Channels panel, along with the visible color channels.

When you have a selection created by a quick mask, what happens when you deselect?

As with any other selection, a quick mask selection disappears when you deselect it.

What is the difference between a bitmap image and a vector graphic?

Bitmap, or raster, images are based on a grid of pixels and are appropriate for continuous-tone images such as photographs or artwork created in painting programs. Vector graphics are made up of shapes based on mathematical expressions and are appropriate for illustrations, type, and drawings that require clear, smooth lines.

Describe two ways to zoom in to or out from an image.

Choose commands from the View menu to zoom in on or out from an image, or to fit it on screen, or use the zoom tools and click or drag over an image to enlarge or reduce the view. You can also use keyboard shortcuts or the Navigator panel to control the display of an image.

After using the Pen tool to add an anchor point to a path, how do you make sure the next path segment is a curve?

Drag (instead of clicking) to create the next point with the Pen tool.

What does resolution mean?

For media such as print, the term resolution refers to the number of pixels per unit of physical length in an image, such as pixels per inch (ppi). Printer resolution may be expressed in dots per inch (dpi), because device dots do not always correspond to image pixels. For media measured in pixels, such as web and video, resolution typically refers to pixel dimensions (height and width), not pixels per inch.

How does an Internet connection affect how you use Neural Filters?

If you are connected to the Internet, you can download Neural Filters and use Neural Filters that process image data in the cloud. If you choose to participate in the Photoshop Improvement Program, an Internet connection allows your usage data and images to be sent to Adobe for use by researchers.

What tools can you use to remove blemishes in an image?

In this lesson, you used the Spot Healing Brush, and Clone Stamp tools to remove blemishes from an image. (Other healing/cloning/patching tools are also available in Photoshop, but were not covered in this lesson.)

What is the advantage of using layers?

Layers let you move and edit different parts of an image as discrete objects. You can also hide individual layers as you work on other layers.

How does a filter in Neural Filters differ from other filters in Photoshop?

Neural Filters are trained using machine learning, so they are capable of results that are not attainable using conventional algorithmic filters.

What is the benefit of using a quick mask?

Quick masks are helpful for creating one-time selections. In addition, using a quick mask is an easy way to edit a selection using the painting tools.

What is red eye, and how do you correct it in Photoshop?

Red eye occurs when a camera flash is reflected in the retinas of a subject's eyes. To correct red eye in Photoshop, zoom in to the subject's eyes, select the Red Eye tool, and then click or drag around each eye.

Why is it typically best to choose any Neural Filters output option except Current Layer?

The Current Layer option applies the results of Neural Filters to the selected layer, permanently changing it. The other Output options apply the results of Neural Filters to a separate layer or as a Smart Filter so that you can easily start over from the original layer at any time.

For paths and shapes, why would you use the Direct Selection tool instead of the Selection tool?

The Direct Selection tool lets you edit the points, segments, and direction lines of a path or shape. The Selection tool lets you move and resize an entire path or shape.

How can you remove artifacts such as colored pixels and scanned dust from an image?

The Dust & Scratches filter removes artifacts from an image.

Which common camera lens flaws can the Lens Correction filter fix?

The Lens Correction filter can fix common camera lens flaws such as barrel and distortion, in which straight lines bow out toward the edges of the image (barrel) or bend inward (pincushion); chromatic aberration, where a color fringe appears along the edges of image objects; and vignetting at the edges of an image, especially corners, that are darker than the center.

How does the Magic Wand tool determine which areas of an image to select? What is tolerance, and how does it affect a selection?

The Magic Wand tool selects adjacent pixels based on their similarity in color. The Tolerance value determines how many color tones the Magic Wand tool will select. The higher the tolerance setting, the more tones are selected.

What does the Mixer Brush do that other brushes don't?

The Mixer Brush mixes the current brush color with colors on the canvas.

What is the difference between the Quick Selection tool and the Object Selection tool?

The Quick Selection tool attempts to detect content edges, while the Object Selection tool attempts to recognize subjects (such as people) and objects in the image.

How can you add a preset shape to the document?

To add a preset shape, open the Shapes panel, find the shape, and drag it into the document window.

How do you add a transition between clips?

To add a transition, click the Transition button near the upper-left corner of the Timeline panel, and then drag a transition onto a clip.

How do you add to and subtract from a selection when using a tool such as the Quick Selection or Lasso tool?

To add to a selection, click the Add To Selection button in the options bar, and then click the area you want to add. To subtract from a selection, click the Subtract From Selection button in the options bar, and then click the area you want to subtract. You can also add to a selection by pressing Shift as you drag or click; to subtract, press Alt (Windows) or Option (macOS) as you drag or click.

How can you apply a layer style?

To apply a layer style, select the layer, and then click the Add A Layer Style button in the Layers panel, or choose Layer > Layer Style > [style].

How can you create a panorama from multiple images?

To blend multiple images into a panorama, choose File > Automate > Photomerge, select the files you want to combine, and click OK.

When you've completed your artwork, what can you do with layers to minimize the file size without changing the quality, dimensions, or compression?

To minimize file size, you can flatten the image, which merges all the layers onto a single background. It's a good idea to keep a duplicate with layers intact before you flatten the document, in case you have to make changes to a layer later.

How do you render a video?

To render a video, choose File > Export > Render Video, or click the Render Video button in the lower-left corner of the Timeline panel. Then select the video settings that are appropriate for the online service or device on which you'll show the video.

How can you move a selection while you're creating it?

To reposition a selection as you're creating it, keep holding down the mouse button as you also hold down the spacebar and drag.

How do you select tools in Photoshop?

To select a tool in Photoshop, click its icon in the Tools panel, or press the tool's keyboard shortcut. A selected tool remains active until you select a different tool. To select a hidden tool, either use a keyboard shortcut to toggle through the tools or click and hold the tool in the Tools panel to open a pop-up menu of the hidden tools.

How does Photoshop treat type?

Type in Photoshop consists of vector-based shapes that describe the letters, numbers, and symbols of a typeface. When you add type to an image in Photoshop, the characters appear on a text layer at the same resolution as the image file. As long as the type layer exists, Photoshop preserves the type outlines so that the text remains sharp when you scale or resize type, save a Photoshop PDF file, or print the image to a high-resolution printer.

How is a text layer the same as or different from other layers in Photoshop?

Type that is added to an image appears in the Layers panel as a text layer that can be edited and managed in the same way as any other kind of layer. You can add to and edit the text, change the orientation of the type, and apply anti-aliasing as well as move, restack, copy, and change the options for layers.

When you use Content-Aware Fill and the selection is filled with the wrong content, what are some of the first things you can try to correct?

When Content-Aware-Fill uses the wrong content in a fill, you can use the Sampling Brush or Lasso tools to exclude unwanted content from the sampled area, and you can try a different Sampling Area Option.

How can you adjust the tone and color of an image in Photoshop?

You can adjust the tone and color of an image in Photoshop using the Curves and Levels adjustment layers.

What are some ways to change the shape of a curved path segment?

You can change the shape of a curved path segment by using the Direct Selection tool to drag either of a curved segment's two anchor points, the direction points for either anchor point, or the curved segment itself.

How do you load a Mixer Brush with color?

You can load color on a Mixer Brush by sampling a color with the Eyedropper tool or changing the Foreground color. If the brush is clean, you can choose Load Brush from the pop-up menu in the options bar to load the brush with the foreground color.

How can you make artwork on one layer appear in front of artwork on another layer?

You can make artwork on one layer appear in front of artwork on another layer by dragging layers up or down the stacking order in the Layers panel or by using the Layer > Arrange commands—Bring To Front, Bring Forward, Send Backward, and Send To Back. However, you can't change the layer position of a background layer unless you convert it to a regular layer (unlock it or double-click to rename it).

Describe at least two types of images you can open in Photoshop.

You can open a photograph from a digital camera. You can also open a scanned image of a photographic print, a transparency or negative film frame, or a graphic. You can open images downloaded from the Internet such as photography from Adobe Stock, or images uploaded to your Cloud Documents or your Lightroom photos.

How can you edit a mask in a channel once you've saved it?

You can paint in an alpha channel using black, white, and shades of gray.

What are some ways to use the Crop tool to improve an image?

You can use the Crop tool to trim, straighten, resize, or change the resolution of an image.

What is the name of the panel that you use to manage brush presets?

You manage brush presets in the Brushes panel.