Photosynthesis

What role does carbon dioxide have in photosynthesis?

Carbon Dioxide plays a big role in the Light-Independent phase of photosynthesis. The Calvin Cycle uses 6 molecules of carbon dioxide to ultimately produce a single 6-carbon sugar molecule.

What does the electron transport chain do in the process?

Energy from the electrons is used by the proteins in the chain to pump hydrogen ions from the stroma into the thylakoid space. This ultimately creates the concentration gradient needed inside the thylakoid to produce ATP. The electron used in this process continues along the ETC to eventually aid in the production of NADPH.

11. What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?

NADPH is an electron carrier that accepts a pair of high-energy electrons and transfers them, along with most of their energy, to another molecule. NADPH plays a big role in the light-independent reaction when it is used, along with ATP, to produce high energy sugars.

Describe the role chloroplasts have in photosynthesis (include, stroma, thylakoid and grana)

Photosynthesis takes place inside organelles called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain an abundance of saclike photosynthetic membranes called thylakoids. Thylakoids are interconnected and arranged in stacks known as grana. Pigments such as chlorophyll are located in the thylakoid membranes. The fluid portion of the chloroplast, outside of the thylakoids, is known as the stroma. When chlorophyll absorbs light, a large fraction of that light energy is transferred directly to electrons in the chlorophyll molecule itself. By raising the energy levels of these 1 electrons, light energy can produce a steady supply of high-energy electrons, which is what makes photosynthesis work.

Why is it said that abundance of life on earth wouldn't exist if we didn't have plants?

Plants are one of a few organisms on earth that can trap the sun's energy and turn it into high-energy sugars and oxygen: two very important molecules that we couldn't survive without.

Why is water so vitally important in photosynthesis?

SEE NUMBER 9. However, to add to Number 9, it is those electrons and hydrogen ions that are used to make NADPH and ATP, respectively, in the light-dependent reaction.

what happens during the light-independent cycle? and what are the reactants and products

Set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light: energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the calvin cycle

what is the output of photosynthesis?

Sugars and oxygen

What role does water play in photosynthesis?

Water provides the electrons and hydrogen ions needed to power the light-dependent and light-independent phases of photosynthesis.

What is the chemical formula for photosynthesis?

6CO(small 2) + 6H(2)O--->C6H12O6 + 6O2

What is the difference between ADP and ATP?

ATP contains an extra phosphate. In other words, ATP contains more energy.

where in the plant does photosynthesis take place?

Chloroplasts

What is the requires input for photosynthesis?

Light, Carbon Dioxide, and water

Summarize the steps of photosynthesis in a flow chart or bulleted series of steps.

The light energy strikes the leaf, passes into the leaf and hits a chloroplast inside an individual cell. The light energy, upon entering the chloroplasts, is captured by the chlorophyll inside a grana. Inside the grana some of the energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen - electrons then are used to produce NADPH and ATP. The leftover oxygen is released into the air. The hydrogen is taken (ETC) to the stroma by NADPH along with the grana's remaining light energy. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf and passes into the chloroplast. In the stroma the remaining light energy is used to combine hydrogen and carbon dioxide to make carbohydrates. The energy rich carbohydrates are carried to the plant's cells. The energy rich carbohydrates are used by the cells to drive the plant's life processes.

Why do plants have multiple pigments inside their chloroplasts?

plants have multiple pigments inside of their chloroplasts (like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotene) to capture a wide variety of different regions within the visible spectrum.

what happens during the light-dependent cycle? and what are the reactants and products

set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH