PHY 110 Chapters 29-36

The fact that iron absorption lines occur in the solar spectrum directly indicates that there is iron in the solar Select one: a. atmosphere b. surface c. interior

a

The glare seen from water is largely Select one: a. horizontally polarized b. vertically polarized c. non-polarized

a

Electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to Select one: a. hold it together b. push it apart c. have no effect

b

Electrons with the greater potential energies with respect to the atomic nucleus are Select one: a. inner electrons b. outer electrons c. they have the same potential energies.

b

Energy released by the sun results from the process wherein atomic nuclei Select one: a. break apart b. combine c. both of these d. neither of these Feedback

b

From a general relativistic point of view, a person on the ground floor of a skyscraper ages Select one: a. faster than a person on the top floor b. slower than a person on the top floor c. at the same speed as a person on the top floor

b

Fusing two helium nuclei yields a net Select one: a. absorption of energy b. release of energy c. no net absorption/release

b

In the Bohr model of hydrogen, discrete radii and energy states result when an electron circles the atom in an integral number of Select one: a. wave frequencies b. de Broglie wavelengths c. diffraction patterns d. none of the above

b

Light behaves primarily as a particle when it Select one: a. travels from one place to another b. interacts with matter c. both of these d. neither

b

Light is emitted when an electron Select one: a. is boosted to a higher energy level b. makes a transition to a lower energy level c. is exchanged for a proton

b

Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are Select one: a. parallel b. perpendicular c. 45 degrees to each other d. none of the above

b

Some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by Select one: a. making direct hits with gold atoms b. electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei c. electrostatic repulsion with the electron clouds of gold atoms d. all of the above

b

The electrical force between an inner electron and the nucleus of an atom is larger for atoms of Select one: a. low atomic number b. high atomic number c. same for both

b

The energy of a photon depends on its Select one: a. speed b. frequency c. amplitude d. all of the above

b

The nucleus with the most tightly bound nucleons is Select one: a. hydrogen b. iron c. lead d. uranium e. plutonium

b

The photoelectric effect best demonstrates the Select one: a. wave nature of light b. particle nature of light c. both of these d. neither of these

b

The stretching out of time due to motion is called time Select one: a. stretching b. dilation c. warp d. contraction e. expansion

b

In which of these processes is an element of matter changed into a completely different element? Select one: a. nuclear fission b. nuclear fusion c. both of these d. neither of these

c

The half-life of an isotope is one day. At the end of two days the amount that remains is Select one: a. none b. 1/2 c. 1/4 d. 1/8

c

Astronomers can tell whether a star is approaching or receding from earth by Select one: a. its temperature b. its change in temperature c. its absorption spectra d. the Doppler effect

d

At relativistic relative speeds, Select one: a. time dilates b. length contracts c. mass increases d. all of these e. none of these

d

Atoms can be excited by Select one: a. thermal agitation b. electron impact c. photon impact d. all of these e. none of the above

d

Different isotopes of an element have different numbers of Select one: a. protons b. hadrons c. photons d. neutrons

d

A certain object emits infrared waves. If it were to emit visible light waves instead, its temperature would have to be Select one: a. higher b. lower c. the same; temperature doesn't make any difference.

a

A strong gravitational field Select one: a. slows a clock b. speeds up a clock c. does not affect a clock

a

An element will deca to an element with higher atomic number in the periodic table if it emits Select one: a. a beta particle b. an alpha particle c. a gamma ray d. a proton beam

a

An excited atom decaus t its ground state and emits a photon of green light. If instead the atom decays to an intermediate state, then the light emitted could be Select one: a. red b. blue c. violet d. any of the above

a

As you approach a blinking light source, the frequency you observe Select one: a. increases b. decreases c. stays the same

a

Compared to clocks in a stationary reference frame, clocks in a moving reference frame run Select one: a. slower b. faster c. at the same speed

a

Compared to the mass of a uranium nucleus before splitting, the pieces it splits into have Select one: a. less mass b. more mass c. the same mass

a

Fire a cannonball from a cannon and it curves due to gravity. Shine a light from a flashlight and it Select one: a. curves per second the same as the cannonball b. follows a straight-line path with no curvature at all. c. curves half as much as the cannonball d. curves slightly, but not as much per second as the cannonball

a

Fissioning an iron nucleus yields a net Select one: a. absorption of energy b. release of energy c. no net absorption/release

a

Fissioning helium would yield a net Select one: a. absorption of energy b. release of energy c. no net absorption/release

a

Fusing two iron nuclei yields a net Select one: a. absorption of energy b. release of energy c. no net absorption/release

a

In gaseous form, at the same temperature, the average speed of U-238 compared to the speed of U-235 is Select one: a. less b. more c. the same

a

Light behaves primarily as a wave when it Select one: a. travels from one place to another b. interacts with matter c. both

a

Light from a lit match comes from Select one: a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. all of the above e. none of the above

a

The atomic number of an element is the same as the number of its Select one: a. protons b. neutrons c. nucleons d. none of the above

a

The frequency of a blinking light source appears to double as the light source approaches you. As the same light source moves away from you at the same speed, its frequency Select one: a. is halved b. is doubled c. stays the same

a

The most abundant element in the universe is Select one: a. hydrogen b. helium c. iron d. lead e. uranium

a

There is a greater proportion of carbon 14 in Select one: a. new bones b. old bones c. same in each

a

To perceive greater detail, a dolphin emits sounds of Select one: a. higher frequency b. lower frequency c. greater intensity d. greater speed

a

When radium (A= 88) emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number Select one: a. 86 b. 88 c. 90 d. 92

a

Which has less energy per photon? Select one: a. red light b. green light c. blue light d. all the same

a

Which will leak more neutrons, two separate lumps of uranium or the same two lumps stuck together? Select one: a. two separate lumps b. two lumps stuck together c. both the same

a

You and a friend share the same space time when there is no Select one: a. relative velocity between you b. acceleration for either of you c. difference in your rate of heartbeats

a

A key feature of the theory of chaos is Select one: a. unpredictability b. very small initial differences can lead to very large eventual differences c. the randomness of molecular motion makes prediction difficult d. even ordery systems are seen to be disorderly when carefully studied

b

A nuclear process that has relatively few radioactive by-products is Select one: a. fission b. fusion c. both the same

b

A nucleon has more mass when it is Select one: a. inside the nucleus b. outside the nucleus c. both the same

b

A nucleon has the least mass in the nucleus of Select one: a. hydrogen b. iron c. lead d. uranium e. plutonium

b

A woman standing on the ground sees a rocket ship move past her at 95% of the speed of light. Compared to when the rocket is at rest, the woman measures the rocket's length as Select one: a. longer b. shorter c. the same length

b

According to Huygen's principle, every point on a wave Select one: a. is a diffraction source b. behaves as a source of new waves c. is the superposition of every other part of the wave d. all of the above

b

An atom that emits a certain frequency of light is Select one: a. not likely to absorb that same frequency b. an absorber of that same frequency

b

As you approach a light source, the wavelength of the emitted light apppears Select one: a. longer b. shorter c. the same

b

As you recede from a blinking light source, the frequency of its blinking that you observe Select one: a. increases b. decreases c. remains the same

b

Clocks on a space ship moving very fast relative to the earth run slow when viewed from Select one: a. the space ship b. the Earth c. both places d. neither place

b

Compared to the sum of the masses of all the individual nucleons in their separate states that make up a nucleus, the mass of the composite nucleus is Select one: a. more b. less c. the same

b

Compared to the wavelengths of visible light, the wavelengths of matter waves are relatively

b

To an outside observer the overall sizes of objects traveling at relativistic speeds are Select one: a. larger b. smaller c. the same

b

When a beta particle is ejected from a nucleus, the nucleus than has a greater Select one: a. mass b. charge c. both d. neither

b

When a blinking light source moves relative to you, the speed of the light Select one: a. changes but its frequency remains constant b. remains constant but its frequency can change c. stays the same, as does its frequency

b

Which of the following isotopes is radioactive? Select one: a. Carbon-12 b. Carbon-14 c. both d. neither

b

A beam of electrons has Select one: a. wave properties b. particle properties c. both d. neither

c

A spaceship that is traveling very fast with respect to your frame of reference, fires a photon beam that travels at speed c with respect to the spaceship. You measure the photon beam's speed to be Select one: a. less than c b. more than c c. equal to c

c

According to the special theory of relativity, all laws of nature are the same in reference frames that Select one: a. accelerate b. move in circles c. move at constnt velocity d. oscillate e. none of these

c

An atom with an imbalance of electrons to protons is Select one: a. a hadron b. a baryon c. an ion d. an isotope

c

Deuterium and tritium are both Select one: a. forms of hydrogen b. isotopes of the same element c. both of tbese d. none of these

c

Diffraction is a result of Select one: a. refraction b. reflection c. interference d. polarization e. dispersion

c

If iron were used as nuclear fuel, it would be best Select one: a. fused b. fissioned c. neither fused nor fissioned

c

Most alpha particles fired at a gold foil pass through undeflected because the Select one: a. electric field is zero inside the gold b. gold atoms, unlike most other metal atoms, are relatiely far apart c. atoms of gold, like any others, are mostly empty space d. net charge of the gold atoms is zero

c

Radioactive muons forrmed high in the atmosphere have an average lifetime of 2 millionths of a second and travel toward earth at nearly the speed of light. They are so high they should have decayed by the time they reach the Earth's surface, according to pre-relativity physics. They don't because they Select one: a. live longer due to time dilation b. travel a shorter distance due to length contraction c. either of these d. neither of these

c

The hottest star is the star that glows Select one: a. red b. white c. blue d. cannot be determined by color alone

c

The phenomenon that can be explained only in terms of the particle model of light is Select one: a. reflection b. refraction c. photoelectric effect d. diffraction

c

The source of Earth's natural heat is Select one: a. molten-hot lava b. pressure on the Earth's core c. radioactive decay in the Earth's core d. solar energy in the form of fossil fuels

c

Ultraviolet light is Select one: a. more energetic than X-rays b. produced by crossed polaroids c. electromagnetic energy d. present everywhere

c

When a nucleus emits a beta particle its atomic number Select one: a. remains constant, but its mass number changes b. remains constant, and so does its mass number c. changes, but its mass number remains constant d. changes, and so does its mass number.

c

When an alpha particle is ejected from a nucleus, the nucleus then has less Select one: a. mass b. charge c. both d. neither

c

When you approach a blinking light source which in turn is moving towards you, you perceive an increase in Select one: a. both speed and frequency of the light b. speed but not frequency c. frequency but not speed of the light

c

Which body is heated in its interior by nuclear processes? Select one: a. Sun b. Earth c. Both d. neither

c

X-rays are similar to Select one: a. alpha rays b. beta rays c. gamma rays d. all of the above

c

A certain radioactive isotope placed near a Geiger counter registers 160 counts per second. Eight hours later, the counter registers 10 counts per second. What is the half-life of the isotope? Select one: a. 8 hours b. 6 hours c. 4 hours d. 2 hours

d

A nucleon is either Select one: a. a positron or an electron b. a proton or an electron c. a neutron or an electron d. a proton or a neutron

d

According to the uncertainty principle, the more we know about a particle's position, the less we know about its Select one: a. speed b. momentum c. kinetic energy d. all of the above

d

Consider the interference colors seen in a film of gasoline on a wet street. The function of the water is to provide a Select one: a. means of spreading the gasoline into a thin film b. means of slowing the rapid evaporation of gasoline c. chemical bond with the gasoline d. second reflecting surface e. all of these

d

Light from a laser is Select one: a. monochromatic b. in phase c. coherent d. all of the above e. none of the above

d

Monochromatic light is light of a single Select one: a. wavelength b. frequency c. color d. all of the above e. none of the above

d

The half-life of an isotope is one day. At the end of three days, how much of the isotope remains? Select one: a. none b. 1/2 c. 1/4 d. 1/8 e. 1/16

d

The highest freqency light of those below is Select one: a. red b. green c. blue d. violet e. they all have the same frequency

d

Which color of light carries the most energy per photon? Select one: a. red b. green c. blue d. violet

d

Colors seen when gasoline forms a thin film on water are a demonstration of Select one: a. refraction b. reflection c. dispersion d. polarization e. interference

e

If a 1-microgram antimatter meteor were to strike the earth, the amount of energy of forms other than mass that would be produced would be Select one: a. 18 Joules b. 18 thousand Joules c. 18 million Joules d. 18 billion Joules e. 180 billion Joules

e

Which of the following photons has the greatest energy? Select one: a. infrared b. red light c. green light d. blue light e. ultraviolet

e