PHYS FINAL
A person carries a mass of 10 kg and walks along the +x-axis for a distance of 100 m with a constant velocity of 2 m/s. What is the work done by this person? Answer 0 J 200 J 1000 J 20 J None of the other choices is correct.
0 J
A bullet is fired from ground level with a speed of 150 m/s at an angle 30.0° above the horizontal at a location where g = 10.0 m/s2. What is the vertical component of its velocity when it is at the highest point of its trajectory? Answer 150 m/s 0 m/s 130 m/s 10 m/s 75.0 m/s
0 m/s
If a vector has components Ax > 0, and Ay > 0, then the angle that this vector makes with the positive x-axis must be in the range Answer 0° to 90°. 90° to 180°. 180° to 270°. 270° to 360°. cannot be determined without additional information
0° to 90°.
The national debt is measured in trillions of dollars. Which of the following is a representation of a trillion? Answer 1 × 106 1 × 109 1 × 103 1 × 1015 1 × 1012
1 × 1012
In Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon, scientists are launched from the surface of Earth by a cannon. With what speed would their capsule have to leave the cannon if the speed of the capsule is required to be zero m/s at the point between Earth and the Moon where their gravitational pulls on the capsule are equal? The mass of Earth is 5.97 × 1024 kg, the mass of the Moon is 7.35 × 1022 kg, the distance between Earth and the Moon is 3.84 × 108 m, the radius of Earth is 6.37 × 106 m, and Answer 15,800 m/s 11,200 m/s 11,100 m/s 10,400 m/s 15,700 m/s
11,100 m/s
Figure 10-2 illustrates a simplified roller bearing. The outer hollow cylinder has a radius of 1.20 cm and is stationary. The inner cylinder has a radius of 1.00 cm and is rotating at 12.0 rpm. Between the two cylinders are several small cylinders with a radius of 0.100 cm, which roll without slipping on both the inner and outer cylinders. Only one of these cylinders is shown in the figure. How long does it take a small cylinder to complete a full revolution around the inner cylinder? Answer 11.0 s 6.00 s 5.64 s 1.38 s 0.542 s
11.0 s
A chain, 10.0 m in length and with a mass of 3.00 kg/m but negligible thickness, is wrapped around a spool with a radius of 25.0 cm and a moment of inertia (not including the chain) of 0.360 kg∙m2. With 1.00 m of chain hanging over the side, the spool is released so that it can turn freely about its axle. What is the angular speed of the spool at the moment that 5.00 m of chain are hanging over the side? Answer 17.8 rad/s 22.1 rad/s 8.90 rad/s 44.3 rad/s 19.4 rad/
17.8 rad/s
If a vector has components Ax < 0, and Ay < 0, then the angle that this vector makes with the positive x-axis must be in the range Answer 0° to 90°. 90° to 180°. 180° to 270°. 270° to 360°. cannot be determined without additional information
180° to 270°
Two bodies, one of mass M and the other of mass m, are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. One possible motion is for both of them to revolve in concentric circles about their center of mass. What is the connection between the period of the revolutions and the separation R between the two bodies in this case? Answer 2πR3/2(M+m)1/2/[G(M2+m2)]1/2 2πR3/2/[G(M+m)]1/2 4πR3/2(M+m)/(G)1/2(Mm)3/4 2πR3/2(M+m)/(G)1/2(Mm)3/4 2πR3/2(M+m)1/2/(GMm)1/2
2πR3/2/[G(M+m)]1/2
A 0.200-kg mass attached to the end of a spring causes it to stretch 5.0 cm. If another 0.200-kg mass is added to the spring, the potential energy of the spring will be Answer the same. 4 times as much. one-half as much. twice as much. 3 times as much.
4 times as much.
Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a year? Answer 4 × 108 4 × 105 4 × 109 4 × 106 4 × 107
4 × 107
A block of mass m is pushed against a spring of spring constant k. The spring is compressed by a distance d, the block is then released. It is launched by the spring along a horizontal frictionless surface with a final speed v. A second block, this one having mass 4m is pushed against the same spring and released, gaining a final speed 2v. By what distance was the spring compressed in the second case? Answer 4d 2d 16d d 25d
4d
Jane has a mass of 50 kilograms. Express her mass in grams and hectograms. Answer 500,000 g; 500 hg 50,000 g; 5,000 kg 50,000 g; 5,000 hg 500,000 g; 5,000 hg 50,000 g; 500 hg
50,000 g; 500 hg
A truck is towing a car whose mass is one quarter that of the truck. The force exerted by the truck on the car is 6000 N. The force exerted by the car on the truck is Answer 3000 N. 6000 N. 1500 N. 24000 N. 12000 N.
6000 N.
An object rests on an inclined surface. If the inclination of the surface is made steeper, what does the normal force on the object do? A) decrease B) stays the same C) increase D) The normal force is zero N. E) Cannot be determined without additional information
A) decrease
If the net work done on an object is negative, then the object's kinetic energy A) decreases. B) remains the same. C) increases. D) is zero. E) cannot be determined without knowing the object mass.
A) decreases.
A ball is thrown up into the air. Ignore air resistance. When it is rising and reaches half of its maximum height, the net force acting on it is A) equal to its weight. B) greater than its weight. C) less than its weight, but not zero N. D) zero N
A) equal to its weight.
If a vector has components Ax > 0, and Ay > 0, then the angle that this vector makes with the positive x-axis must be in the range A. 0° to 90°. B. 90° to 180°. C. 180° to 270°. D. 270° to 360°. E. cannot be determined without additional information
A. 0° to 90°
Two children are riding on a merry-go-round. Child A is at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than child B. Which child has the larger centripetal acceleration? A. Child A B. Child B C. They have the same non-zero centripetal acceleration. D. They have the same zero centripetal acceleration. E. There is not enough information given to answer the question.
A. Child A
Two children are riding on a merry-go-round. Child A is at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than child B. Which child has the larger linear displacement? A. Child A B. Child B C. They have the same zero linear displacement. D. They have the same non-zero linear displacement. E. There is not enough information given to answer the question.
A. Child A
When a football in a field goal attempt reaches its maximum height, how does its speed compare to its initial speed? A. It is less than its initial speed. B. It is equal to its initial speed. C. It is greater than its initial speed. D. It is zero. E. Cannot be determined without additional information.
A. It is less than its initial speed.
Two masses, m1 and m2, are connected to each other as shown in Figure 6-5. Mass m1 slides without friction on the table surface. Both masses have acceleration of magnitude a as shown. How does the tension in the string compare to the weight, m2g, of mass m2? A. The tension is smaller than m2g. B. The tension is equal to m2g. C. The tension is larger than m2g. D. It depends on m1 being smaller than m2. E. It depends on m1 being larger than m2.
A. The tension is smaller than m2g
You need to load a crate of mass m onto the bed of a truck. One possibility is to lift the crate straight up over a height h, equal to height of the truck's bed. The work done in this case is W1. The other possibility is to slide the crate up the frictionless ramp of length L as shown in Figure 8-1. In this case you perform work W2. What statement is true? A. W1 = W2 B. W1 < W2 C. W1 > W2 D. No simple relationship exists between W1 and W2.
A. W1 = W2
An object is moving with constant non-zero acceleration in the +x-axis. The velocity versus time graph of this object is Answer A. a straight line making an angle with the time axis. B. a parabolic curve. C. a horizontal straight line. D. a vertical straight line. E. a hyperbolic curve.
A. a straight line making an angle with the time axis.
The position, x, of an object is given by the equation x = A + Bt +Ct2, where t refers to time. What are the dimensions of A, B, and C? A. distance, distance/time, distance/time2 B. distance, time, time C. distance, distance, distance D. distance, time, time2 E. distance/time, distance/time2, distance/time3
A. distance, distance/time, distance/time2
A rope is held from one end in such a way that the lower end just touches a table. The rope is then lowered onto the table with constant velocity. The force that is needed to hold the upper end of the rope is A. equal to the weight of the portion of the rope that is not on the table. B. greater than the weight of the portion of the rope that is not on the table. C. zero N. D. less than the weight of the portion of the rope that is not on the table but not zero N. E. Cannot be determined without additional information.
A. equal to the weight of the portion of the rope that is not on the table
The slope of a tangent line at a given time value on a position versus time graph gives A. instantaneous velocity. B. average velocity. C. displacement. D. instantaneous acceleration. E. average acceleration
A. instantaneous velocity.
The metric prefix for one thousand is A. kilo. B. milli. C. mega. D. centi. E. giga.
A. kilo
A solid sphere and a solid cylinder of the same mass and radius roll without slipping at the same speed. It is correct to say that the total kinetic energy of the solid sphere is A. less than the total kinetic energy of the cylinder. B. more than the total kinetic energy of the cylinder. C. equal to the total kinetic energy of the cylinder. D. impossible to compare to the total kinetic energy of the cylinder.
A. less than the total kinetic energy of the cylinder.
A student kicks a soccer ball in a high arc toward the opponent's goal. At the highest point in its trajectory: A. neither the ball's velocity nor its acceleration is zero. B. the ball's velocity points downwards. C. the ball's acceleration is zero but not its velocity. D. both velocity and acceleration of the soccer ball are zero. E. the ball's acceleration points upwards.
A. neither the ball's velocity nor its acceleration is zero.
A satellite encircles Mars at a distance above its surface equal to 3 times the radius of Mars. The acceleration of gravity at the satellite, as compared to the acceleration of gravity on the surface of Mars, is A. one-sixteenth as much. B. zero. C. one-ninth as much. D. the same. E. one-third as much.
A. one-sixteenth as much.
When a car goes around a curve, it has a tendency to skid outwards. Is the frictional force between the tires and the ground that keeps the car from skidding kinetic or static? A. static B.kinetic
A. static
A rubber ball and a lump of putty have equal mass. They are thrown with equal speed against a wall. The ball bounces back with nearly the same speed with which it hit. The putty sticks to the wall. Which objects experiences the greater momentum change? A. the ball B. the putty C. Both experience the same non-zero momentum change. D. Both experience zero momentum change. E. Cannot be determined from the information given.
A. the ball
If the acceleration vector of an object is directed parallel to the velocity vector, then A. the object is speeding up. B. the object is slowing down. C. the object is moving with a constant velocity. D. the object is turning. E. the object is at rest.
A. the object is speeding up.
If the acceleration of an object is always directed perpendicular to its velocity, then A. the object is turning. B. the object is moving with a constant velocity. C. this situation would not be physically possible. D. the object is speeding up. E. the object is slowing down.
A. the object is turning.
Two equal forces are applied to a door. The first force is applied at the midpoint of the door; the second force is applied at the doorknob. Both forces are applied perpendicular to the door. Which force exerts the greater torque? A. the second at the doorknob B. the first at the midpoint C. both exert equal non-zero torques D. both exert zero torques E. Additional information is needed.
A. the second at the doorknob
Which statement is correct about the relationship between the instantaneous speed and the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity? A.The instantaneous speed is always equal to the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity. B. The average speed is always less than or equal to the magnitude of the average velocity. C. The average speed is always one-half the magnitude of the average velocity. D. The instantaneous speed is always greater than or equal to the magnitude of the instantaneous E. The average speed can be less than, greater than or equal to the magnitude of the average velo
A.The instantaneous speed is always equal to the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity.
If the velocity versus time graph of an object is a straight line making an angle of 30 degrees with the time axis, the object is A) moving with constant non-zero speed. B) moving with constant non-zero acceleration. C) at rest. D) moving with infinite speed. E) none of the above
B) moving with constant non-zero acceleration.
Most asteroids are oblong in shape. Approximate an asteroid as being made up of two identical spheres of mass M and radius R that are just touching each other, in a figure eight. In terms of G, M, and R, what is the escape velocity for a spaceship taking off from the top of the figure eight? A. 4GM/3R)1/2 B. (8GM/3R)1/2 C. (7GM/5R)1/2 D. (2GM/R)1/2 E. (3GM/R)1/2
B. (8GM/3R)1/2
If Earth were twice as massive but it revolved at the same distance from the Sun, its orbital period would be A. 2 years. B. 1 year. C. 3 years. D. 6 months. E. 4 years.
B. 1 year.
Two identical vertical springs S1 and S2 have masses m1 = 400 g and m2 = 800 g attached to them. If m1 causes spring S1 to stretch by 4 cm, what is the ratio of the potential energy of S1 and S2? Use g = 10 m/s2. A. 2:1 B. 1:4 C. 4:1 D. 1:3 E. 1:2
B. 1:4
A figure skater is spinning slowly with arms outstretched. She brings her arms in close to her body and her moment of inertia decreases by 1/2. By what factor does her rotational kinetic energy change? A. 1/2 B. 2 C. 4 D. It doesn't change.
B. 2
A figure skater is spinning slowly with arms outstretched. She brings her arms in close to her body and her moment of inertia decreases by 1/2. Her angular speed increases by a factor of A. 1/2 B. 2 C. 4 D. It doesn't change.
B. 2
A boy and a girl are riding on a merry-go-round that is turning. The boy is twice as far as the girl from the merry-go-round's center. If the boy and girl are of equal mass, which statement is true about the boy's moment of inertia with respect to the axis of rotation? A. His moment of inertia is twice the girl's. B. His moment of inertia is 4 times the girl's. C. The moment of inertia is the same for both. D. The boy has a greater moment of inertia, but it is impossible to say exactly how much more. E. The boy has a smaller moment of inertia, but it is impossible to say exactly how much smaller.
B. His moment of inertia is 4 times the girl's.
An ice skater doing a spin pulls in her arms, decreasing her moment of inertia by a factor of two. How does her angular speed changes? A. It is reduced by a factor of two. B. It increases by a factor of two. C. It increases by a factor of four. D. It is reduced by a factor of four. E. It doesn't change.
B. It increases by a factor of two.
Consider a particle moving with constant speed such that its acceleration of constant magnitude is always perpendicular to its velocity. A. It is moving in a hyperbola. B. It is moving in a circle. C. It is moving in a parabola. D. It is moving in a straight line. E. None of the above is definitely true all of the time.
B. It is moving in a circle.
An acorn falls from a tree. Compare its kinetic energy K, to its potential energy U. A. K decreases and U decreases. B. K increases and U decreases. C. K decreases and U increases. D. K increases and U increases. E. Cannot be determined without knowing the initial height of the acorn.
B. K increases and U decreases.
Can work be done on a system if there is no motion? A. No, since a system which is not moving has no energy. B. No, since work involves a non-zero displacement. C. Yes, if the sum of the external forces is zero. D. Yes, if an external force is acting on the system. E. Yes, since motion is only relative.
B. No, since work involves a non-zero displacement
An object is moving with constant velocity. Which of the following statements is true? A. There are no forces acting on the object. B. The net force on the object is zero. C. A constant force is being applied in the direction opposite of motion. D. A constant force is being applied in the direction of motion. E. There is no frictional force acting on the object.
B. The net force on the object is zero
A 16-kg fish is weighed with two spring scales, each of negligible weight, as shown in Figure 6-4. What will be the readings on the scales? A. Each scale will read 8 kg. B. The sum of the two readings will be 32 kg. C. Each scale will show a reading greater than zero and less than 16 kg, but the sum of the two readings will be 16 kg. D. The top scale will read 16 kg, and the bottom scale will read zero. E. The bottom scale will read 16 kg, and the top scale will read zero.
B. The sum of the two readings will be 32 kg.
In a collision between two unequal masses, how does the impulse imparted to the smaller mass by the larger mass compare with the impulse imparted to the larger mass by the smaller one? A. It is smaller. B. They are equal. C. It is larger. D. The answer depends on the ratio of the masses. E. The answer depends on how fast they are moving.
B. They are equal.
You throw a ball straight up. Compare the sign of the work done by gravity while the ball goes up with the sign of the work done by gravity while it goes down. A. Work is + on the way up and + on the way down. B. Work is - on the way up and + on the way down. C. Work is + on the way up and - on the way down. D. Work is - on the way up and - on the way down.
B. Work is - on the way up and + on the way down.
A scalar quantity is defined as A. a quantity that is specified by using both a numerical value and a direction. B. a quantity that is specified by a numerical value only.
B. a quantity that is specified by a numerical value only.
When subtracting several quantities, the number of decimal places in the result must always be A. equal to the number of decimal places in the most accurate of the quantities. B. equal to the number of decimal places in the least accurate of the quantities. C. larger than the number of decimal places in the most accurate of the quantities. D. equal to the average number of significant digits in the most and least accurate of the quantities. E. smaller than the number of decimal places in the least accurate of the quantities.
B. equal to the number of decimal places in the least accurate of the quantities.
If the net work done on an object is positive, then the object's kinetic energy A. remains the same. B. increases. C. is zero. D. decreases. E. cannot be determined without knowing the object mass.
B. increases.
Compare the two situations shown in Figure 6-3. On the left (A), James is holding the rope and keeping the bucket at rest. On the right (B), James ties the rope to the bucket so that it keeps the bucket at rest. In both cases the bucket contains the same quantity of water. In what case is the tension in the rope higher? A. right B. left C. It is the same in both cases. D. We need more data to answer.
B. left
In the absence of an external force, a moving object will A. stop immediately. B. move with constant velocity. C. move faster and faster. D. slow down and eventually come to a stop. E. move with constant velocity for a while and then slow to a stop.
B. move with constant velocity.
The meter is currently defined as A. 1,553,164.1 wavelengths of red cadmium light in dry air at 25°C. B. the distance traveled by light in 1/299,792,458 of a second. C. the distance between two etched lines in a platinum-iridium bar kept in Washington, D.C. D. the distance between two etched lines in a platinum-iridium bar kept in S vres, France. E. one ten-millionth of the distance between the North pole and the equator.
B. the distance traveled by light in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
Angular momentum cannot be conserved if A. the angular velocity changes. B. the net torque is not zero. C. there is a net force on the system. D. the angular acceleration changes. E. the moment of inertia changes.
B. the net torque is not zero.
The second is currently defined as A. the time required for light to travel 1/299,792,458 of a meter. B. the time that it takes the radiation from a Cesium-133 atom to complete 9,192,631,770 cycles of oscillation. C. 1/86,400 of a mean solar day. 1/86,164 of a sidereal day. D. 1/31,557,600 of the period of the Earth's rotation around the Sun.
B. the time that it takes the radiation from a Cesium-133 atom to complete 9,192,631,770 cycles of oscillation.
From the edge of a roof top you toss a green ball upwards with initial velocity v0 and a blue ball downwards with the same initial velocity. When they reach the ground below, A. the green ball will be moving faster than the blue ball. B. the two balls will have the same speed. C. the blue ball will be moving faster than the green ball.
B. the two balls will have the same speed.
The banking angle in a turn on the Olympic bobsled track is not constant, but increases upward from the horizontal. Coming around a turn, the bobsled team will intentionally "climb the wall," then go lower coming out of the turn. Why do they do this? A. to reduce the g-force on them B. to take the turn at a faster speed C. to prevent the bobsled from turning over D. to take the turn at a slower speed E. to give the team better control, because they are able to see ahead of the turn
B. to take the turn at a faster speed
You are holding a finishing sander with your right hand. The sander has a flywheel which spins counterclockwise as seen from behind the handle. You are sanding a wall in front of you. As you turn the sander towards the right, you feel a tendency in the sander to A. push toward you. B. turn downward. C. turn towards the left. D. pull away from you. E. turn upward.
B. turn downward.
If the initial speed of a projectile is doubled. A) Its range will double. B) Its range will be decreased by a factor of two. C) Its range will quadruple. D) Its range will decrease by a factor of four
C) Its range will quadruple.
A horse pulls a cart with force F. As a result of this force the cart accelerates with constant acceleration. What is the magnitude of the force that the cart exerts on the horse? A) more than the magnitude of F B) less than the magnitude of F C) equal to the magnitude of F D) zero Newtons E) cannot be determined without additional information
C) equal to the magnitude of F
You drop a stone from a bridge to the river below. After this stone has traveled a distance d, you drop a second stone. The distance between the two stones will always A) remain the same. B) decrease. C) increase. D) depends on the weight of the stones
C) increase.
What is the conversion factor between km/h2 and m/s2? A. 16.7 m/s2 B. 1.30 × 104 m/s2 C. 7.72 × 10-5 m/s2 D. 2.78 × 10-1 m/s2 E. 3.60 m/s2
C. 7.72 × 10-5 m/s2
You and your friend want to go to the top of the Eiffel Tower. Your friend takes the elevator straight up. You decide to walk up the spiral stairway, taking longer to do so. Compare the gravitational potential energy (U) of you and your friend, after you both reach the top. A. It is impossible to tell, since the times are unknown. B. It is impossible to tell, since the distances are unknown. C. Both of you have the same amount of potential energy. D. Your U is greater than your friend's U, because you traveled a greater distance in getting to the top. E. Your friend's U is greater than your U, because she got to the top faster.
C. Both of you have the same amount of potential energy.
Two children ride on a merry-go-round, George is at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than Jacques. It is a true statement that A. Jacques and George have the same tangential speed. (*same angular velocity) B. Jacques has a greater tangential speed than George. C. Jacques has a smaller tangential speed than George. D. both have zero tangential speeds. E. Cannot tell which one has the greater speed without knowing their masses.
C. Jacques has a smaller tangential speed than George
King Kong falls from the top of the Empire State Building, through the air (air friction is present), to the ground below. How does his kinetic energy (K) just before striking the ground compare to his potential energy (U) at the top of the building? A. K is equal to U. B. K is greater than U. C. K is less than U. D.It is impossible to tell.
C. K is less than U.
A ping-pong ball moving east at a speed of 4 m/s, collides with a stationary bowling ball. The Ping-Pong ball bounces back to the west, and the bowling ball moves very slowly to the east. Which object experiences the greater magnitude impulse during the collision? A. the bowling ball B. the Ping-Pong ball C. Neither; both experienced the same magnitude impulse. D. It's impossible to tell since the actual mass values are not given. E. It's impossible to tell since the velocities after the collision are unknown.
C. Neither; both experienced the same magnitude impulse.
A croquet mallet balances when suspended from its center of mass, as shown in Figure 11-2. If you cut the mallet in two at its center of mass, as shown, how do the masses of the two pieces compare? A. The masses are equal. B. The piece with the head of the mallet has the smaller mass. C. The piece with the head of the mallet has the greater mass. D. It is impossible to tell.
C. The piece with the head of the mallet has the greater mass.
Two objects have masses m and 5m, respectively. They both are placed side by side on a frictionless inclined plane and allowed to slide down from rest. A. It takes the heavier object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the lighter. B. It takes the lighter object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the heavier. C. The two objects reach the bottom of the incline at the same time. D. It takes the heavier object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the lighter. E. It takes the lighter object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the heavier.
C. The two objects reach the bottom of the incline at the same time
An object rests on an inclined surface. If the inclination of the surface is made steeper, what does the normal force on the object do? A. stays the same B. increase C. decrease D. The normal force is zero N. E. Cannot be determined without additional information.
C. decrease
You ride on an elevator that is moving downward with constant speed while standing on a bathroom scale. The reading on the scale is A. less than your true weight, mg. B. more than your true weight, mg. C. equal to your true weight, mg. D. could be more or less than your true weight, mg, depending on the value of the speed.
C. equal to your true weight, mg.
The rotating systems shown in Figure 11-1 differ only in that the two identical movable masses are positioned a distance r from the axis of rotation (left), or a distance r/2 from the axis of rotation (right). If you release the hanging blocks simultaneously from rest, A. both blocks land at the same time. B. the block at left lands first. C. the block at right lands first. D. it is impossible to tell which block reaches the bottom first.
C. the block at right lands first.
When you ride a bicycle, in what direction is the angular velocity of the wheels? A. up B. backwards C. to your left D. forwards E. to your right
C. to your left
Two children are riding on a merry-go-round. Child A is at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than child B. Which child has the larger tangential speed? Answer Child A Child B They have the same non-zero tangential speed. They have the same zero tangential speed. There is not enough information given to answer the question.
Child A
The total mechanical energy of a system A) is equally divided between kinetic energy and potential energy. B) is either all kinetic energy or all potential energy, at any one instant. C) can never be negative. D) is constant, only if conservative forces act E) is not uniquely determined for most naturally occurring systems
D) is constant, only if conservative forces act
Two identical balls are thrown from the top of a building with the same speed. Ball 1 is thrown horizontally, while ball 2 is thrown at an angle θ above the horizontal. Neglecting air resistance, which ball will have the greatest speed when hitting the ground below? A. Ball 1 B. Ball 2 C. Cannot be determined without knowing the time each ball is in the air. D. Both balls reach the ground with the same speed. E. Cannot be determined without knowing the height of the building.
D. Both balls reach the ground with the same speed.
A boy and a girl are riding a merry-go-round which is turning at a constant rate. The boy is near the outer edge, while the girl is closer to the center. Who has the greater tangential acceleration? A. the girl B. the boy C. Both have the same non-zero tangential acceleration. D. Both have zero tangential acceleration. E. There is not enough information given to answer the question.
D. Both have zero tangential acceleration.
The eastward component of vector is equal to the westward component of vector and their northward components are equal. Which one of the following statements is correct for these two vectors? A. Vector A is perpendicular to vector B B. Vector A is anti-parallel to vector B. C. Magnitude of vector A is twice the magnitude of vector B . D. Magnitude of vector A is equal to the magnitude of vector B . E. Vector A is parallel to vector B
D. Magnitude of vector A is equal to the magnitude of vector B .
Which statement is correct about the relationship between the average speed and the magnitude of the average velocity for any motion? A. The average speed can be less than, greater than or equal to the magnitude of the average velocity. B. The average speed is always equal to the magnitude of the average velocity. C. The average speed is always less than or equal to the magnitude of the average velocity. D. The average speed is always greater than or equal to the magnitude of the average velocity. E. The average speed is always one-half the magnitude of the average velocit
D. The average speed is always greater than or equal to the magnitude of the average velocity.
An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reaction force? A. The table pushing down on the floor with force mg. B. The table pushing up on the object with force mg. C. The table pulling upward on the Earth with force mg. D. The object pulling upward on the Earth with force mg. E. The object pushing down on the table with force mg.
D. The object pulling upward on the Earth with force mg.
Identical forces act for the same length of time on two different masses. The change in momentum of the smaller mass is A. zero. B. larger than the change in momentum of the larger mass. C. smaller than the change in momentum of the larger mass, but not zero. D. equal to the change in momentum of the larger mass. E. There is not enough information to answer the question.
D. equal to the change in momentum of the larger mass
Two vectors and are added together giving vector . The magnitude of C is such that C = . If the magnitudes of both vectors and are doubled, the magnitude of vector will A. increase by a factor of 4. B. increase by a factor of . C. increase by a factor of 8. D. increase by a factor of 2. E. not change.
D. increase by a factor of 2
A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle θ with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed A. toward the center of mass of the block. B. parallel to the plane in the opposite direction as the movement of the block C. parallel to the plane in the same direction as the movement of the block. D. perpendicular to the plane. E. toward the center of the Earth.
D. perpendicular to the plane.
For a projectile launched horizontally, the horizontal component of a projectile's velocity A. continuously decreases. B. is zero. C. continuously increases. D. remains a non-zero constant. E. any of the above, depending on position.
D. remains a non-zero constant.
A rock is thrown upwards at an angle of 40° with respect to the horizontal. As the rock is rising in its trajectory, the horizontal component of its velocity A. is zero. B. decreases. C. increases. D. remains the same. E. Cannot be determined without additional information.
D. remains the same.
A mass of 2 kg traveling at 3 m/s undergoes a one-dimensional elastic collision with a group of four 1-kg masses that are at rest in contact with each other and lined up in the same direction as the velocity of the 2-kg mass. As a result of the collision A. the 2-kg mass and the five other masses travel at 1 m/s. B. the 2-kg mass comes to a stop and one of the 1-kg masses takes off at 6 m/s. C. the 2-kg mass comes to a stop and three of the 1-kg masses take off at 2 m/s. D. the 2-kg mass comes to a stop and two of the 1-kg masses take off at 3 m/s. E. the 2-kg mass comes to a stop and all four of the 1-kg masses take off at 2 m/s.
D. the 2-kg mass comes to a stop and two of the 1-kg masses take off at 3 m/s.
If the acceleration vector of an object is directed parallel to the velocity vector, A. the object is slowing down. B. the object is turning. C. the object is not moving. D. the object is speeding up. E. this situation would not be physically possible.
D. the object is speeding up.
You are holding on to the axle of a spinning bicycle wheel with one hand on either side of the wheel. The top part of the wheel is moving away from you and the bottom is moving toward you and the axle is horizontal. In what direction do you need to apply a torque for the wheel to turn to the left? A. to your right B. vertically down C. vertically up D. toward you E. away from you
D. toward you
Two men, Joel and Jerry, push against a wall. Jerry stops after 10 min, while Joel is able to push for 5.0 min longer. Compare the work they do. A) Joel does 75% more work than Jerry. B) Joel does 50% more work than Jerry. C) Jerry does 50% more work than Joel. D) Joel does 25% more work than Jerry. E) Neither of them do any work.
E) Neither of them do any work.
What is the ratio of potential energy to kinetic energy for a comet that has just enough energy to escape from the Sun's gravitational field? A. 1/2 B. -2 C. 1 D. 2 E. -1
E. -1
Two identical balls are thrown from the top of a building with the same speed. Ball 1 is thrown horizontally, while ball 2 is thrown at an angle θ above the horizontal. Neglecting air resistance, which ball will have the greatest speed when hitting the ground below? A. Ball 1 B. Ball 2 C. Cannot be determined without knowing the height of the building. D. Cannot be determined without knowing the time each ball is in the air. E. Both balls reach the ground with the same speed.
E. Both balls reach the ground with the same speed.
Which statement below about the distance between the starting and ending positions and the displacement between the starting and ending positions is correct? A. The distance between the starting and ending positions is less than the magnitude of the displacement between the starting and ending positions. B. The distance between the starting and ending positions is the negative of the magnitude of the displacement between the starting and ending positions. C. The distance between the starting and ending positions is greater than the magnitude of the displacement between the starting and ending positions. D. The distance between the starting and ending positions is twice the magnitude of the displacement between the starting and ending positions. E. The distance between the starting and ending positions is equal to the magnitude of the displacement between the starting and ending positions.
E. The distance between the starting and ending positions is equal to the magnitude of the displacement between the starting and ending positions.
When vectors and are added together they form vector and these vectors satisfy the relationship A2 + B2 = C2. Which statement is true for these vectors? A. Vectors A and B must have the same magnitudes. B. The magnitude of A is the negative of the magnitude of B C. Vectors A and B must be anti-parallel. D. Vectors A and B must be parallel. E. Vectors A and B must be perpendicular
E. Vectors A and B must be perpendicular
A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of the object. A. decreasing acceleration. B. constant non-zero velocity. C. zero acceleration. D. increasing acceleration. E. constant non-zero acceleration.
E. constant non-zero acceleration.
An object is released from rest a height h above the ground. A second object with four times the mass of the first is released from the same height. The potential energy of the second object compared to the first is A. one-fourth as much. B. twice as much. C. eight times as much. D. one-half as much. E. four times as much.
E. four times as much.
What is the quantity used to measure an object's resistance to changes in rotational motion? A. mass B. angular velocity C. torque D. angular acceleration E. moment of inertia
E. moment of inertia
If you push twice as hard against a stationary brick wall, the amount of work you do A. remains constant but non-zero. B. quadruples. C. is cut in half. D. doubles. E. remains constant at zero.
E. remains constant at zero.
A freight car moves along a frictionless level railroad track at constant speed. The freight car is open on top. A large load of coal is suddenly dumped into the car. What happens to the speed of the freight car? A. It decreases. B. It becomes zero. C. It remains the same. D. It increases. E. Cannot be determined from the information given.
It decreases.
A truck has four times the mass of a car and is moving with twice the speed of the car. If Kt and Kc refer to the kinetic energies of truck and car respectively, it is correct to say that Answer Kt = 16Kc. Kt = Kc. Kt = Kc. Kt = 2Kc. Kt = 4Kc.
Kt = 16Kc.
An artillery shell explodes in midair and breaks up into many fragments. Which of the following statements are true regarding conditions immediately before and immediately after the explosion: I. The total momentum of the fragments is equal to the original momentum of the shell. II. The total kinetic energy of the fragments is equal to the original kinetic energy of the shell. A. Statement I only B. Statement II only C. Both Statement I and Statement II D. Neither statement is true.
Statement I only
A 3.0-kg object moves to the right at 4.0 m/s. It collides head-on with a 6.0-kg object moving to the left at 2.0 m/s. Which statement is correct? A. The total momentum both before and after the collision is 24 kg ∙ m/s. B. The total momentum before the collision is 24 kg ∙ m/s, and after the collision is 0 kg ∙ m/s. C. The total momentum both before and after the collision is zero. D. The total momentum before the collision is 0 kg ∙ m/s, and after the collision is 24 kg ∙ m/s. E. None of the above is true.
The total momentum both before and after the collision is zero.
An astronaut is in a capsule in a stable orbit, about two Earth radii from the center of Earth. Her weight is Answer about one-quarter of her weight on the surface of Earth. the same as on the surface of Earth. about one-third of her weight on the surface of Earth. about one-half of her weight on the surface of Earth. zero N.
about one-quarter of her weight on the surface of Earth.
A student uses a plumb bob to verify that the doorjamb in a car is vertical. As the car pulls away from a stop, the student observes that the string now makes an angle é with the doorjamb. What is the acceleration of the car? a. g sin é b. g cos é c. g tan é d. g é
c. g tan é
Two objects attract each other gravitationally. If the distance between their centers doubles, the gravitational force Answer is cut to one fourth. quadruples. remains the same doubles. is cut in half.
is cut to one fourth.
A solid sphere, solid cylinder, and a hollow pipe all have equal masses and radii. If the three are released simultaneously at the top of an inclined plane, which will reach the bottom first? Answer pipe cylinder sphere they all reach bottom in the same time It depends on the angle of inclination.
sphere
Swimmers at a water park have a choice of two frictionless water slides (see Figure 8-2). Although both slides drop over the same height, h, slide 1 is straight while slide 2 is curved, dropping quickly at first and then leveling out. How does the speed v1 of a swimmer reaching the end of slide 1 compares with v2, the speed of a swimmer reaching the end of slide 2? v1 > v2 v1 = v2 v1 < v2 No simple relationship exists between v1 and v2.
v1 = v2
